Machine learning-based models for prediction of innovative medicine reimbursement decisions in Scotland.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the critical factors for reimbursement decisions of innovative medicines in Scotland and to explore the feasibility of machine learning models for predicting decisions.

Method: All appraisals for innovative medicines issued by the Scottish Medicines Consortium (SMC) from 2016 to 2020 were screened to extract decision outcomes and 24 explanatory factors. SelectKBest with chi-square test was used for factor selection.

Global, regional, and national trends in drug use disorder mortality rates across 73 countries from 1990 to 2021, with projections up to 2040: a global time-series analysis and modelling study.

Background: Drug use disorder (DUD) poses a major public health crisis globally, necessitating immediate attention to global trends and future projections to develop effective health policies and interventions. Thus, we aimed to estimate the global trends in DUD mortality rates from 1990 to 2021 and future projections of DUD deaths until 2040 across 73 countries.

Methods: In this time-series analysis and modelling study, we investigated the global trends in DUD mortality rates from 1990 to 2021 using the WHO Mortality Database and forecasted future trends through 2040.

Development and validation of a model to identify polycystic ovary syndrome in the French national administrative health database.

Background: We aimed to develop and validate an algorithm for identifying women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in the French national health data system.

Methods: Using data from the French national health data system, we applied the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) related diagnoses E28.2 for PCOS among women aged 18 to 43 years in 2021.

Reliability of an electronic uterine diagram to standardize intrauterine adhesion scoring.

Study Objective: To study the inter-rater reliability of an electronic complementary uterine diagram (eAFS) in comparison to the conventional American Fertility Society intrauterine adhesions (IUA) scoring system (cAFS). As a secondary aim we wanted to assess the intra-rater reliability of these tools.

Design: This was an observational cross over study with a nested test re-test design.

Association Between Physical Activity and Sleep Health Among Community-Dwelling Adults Aged ≥50 in Ghana: The Mediating Role of Psychosomatic Factors.

Objectives: Data on the direct and indirect associations between physical activity (PA) and sleep quality in old age via psychosomatic mechanisms (e.g. mobility, pain, loneliness, depression, and anxiety) remain scarce in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Preoperative planning programme in minimally invasive lung surgery reduces intraoperative adverse events.

Objectives: While minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is the preferred approach in patients with early-stage lung cancer, intraoperative adverse events (IOAE) may still occur. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of a dedicated preoperative planning program on adverse event occurrence.

Methods: A single-centre cross-sectional comparative study was conducted, including all patients with proven/suspected lung cancer undergoing curative MIS, prior (September 2021-October 2022) and after (November 2022-January 2024) the implementation of a preoperative planning program.

Associations between weight-control methods and depression among Korean adolescents: a study based on a national dataset.

Background/objectives: The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has become a significant global burden, with more than 40% of the global adult population attempting to lose weight. Previous studies on the impact of weight-control methods on mental health, especially among adolescents, are limited. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between various weight-control methods and depression among adolescents, with the goal of informing healthier weight management decisions and promoting effective methods.

Global Burden of Vaccine-Associated Chronic Urticaria, 2010-2023: From the Global Pharmacovigilance Database.

Purpose: The etiology and pathophysiology of vaccine-associated chronic urticaria (CU) remain unclear, particularly during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Thus, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the global burden and long-term trends of vaccine-associated CU, with a focus on the associated vaccines and the distribution of cases across different age groups and sexes.

Methods: Using data from the World Health Organization international pharmacovigilance database (VigiBase), which encompasses reports from 156 countries and territories between 1968 and 2023, we systematically analyzed the global burden and long-term trends in vaccine-associated CU reports (total individual case safety reports = 131,255,418).

Global Estimates of Vaccine-Associated Hepatic Autoimmune Disorders and Their Related Vaccines, 1968-2024: An International Analysis of the WHO Pharmacovigilance Database.

Introduction: Previous studies have suggested an association between vaccines and autoimmune diseases, but they were limited by their narrow focus and timeframe.

Methods: This study conducted the first large-scale international analysis to investigate the impact of various vaccines on autoimmune liver diseases. Utilizing WHO's VigiBase data from 1968 to 2024, and the study identified 1,083 (0.

Global trends of secondhand smoke exposure among young adolescents from 27 countries, 2003-2021: findings from the World Health Organization database.

The issue of adolescent secondhand smoke (SHS) is globally significant, given that it serves as a preventable risk factor for disease prevalence and mortality rates among youth. This study evaluates trends in adolescent SHS across 27 countries from 2003 to 2021, aiming to identify global variations and sex-specific differences, providing insights for future policy recommendations. The data for this study were collected from the Global School-based Student Health Survey conducted by the World Health Organization, 2003-2021.

Associations between malnutrition and dehydration among older adults: A cross-sectional observational study.

Background: There is debate as to the association between dehydration and malnutrition. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between dehydration and malnutrition and their impact on geriatric syndromes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included older adults (≥60 years) who attended one outpatient geriatric clinic.

Global Incidence and Prevalence of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Data on the global prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is significantly varied and limited across countries and over time. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a comprehensive investigation into the global, regional, and national burden of CRS from the years 1980 to 2021, as well as identify those factors that influence levels of such burden.

Design: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of general population-based observational studies focusing on CRS.

National trends in thyroid disease and COVID-19 pandemic-related factors, 1998-2021: A nationwide representative study in South Korea.

Objective: Although thyroid disease is a common condition, there is limited research examining the prevalence of thyroid disease over a long period of time, including both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to investigate sociodemographic aspects that might be associated with thyroid disease and how its prevalence has varied during the pandemic.

Methods: We assessed the prevalence of thyroid disease among Korean adults by using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1998 to 2021.

Management of large Trigeminal Schwannoma: long-term oncologic and functional outcome from a multicentric retrospective cohort.

Objective: Trigeminal schwannoma (TS), though a rare and benign tumor, becomes a significant surgical challenge due to its intricate location. This study aims to detail the long-term functional outcomes and tumor control post-surgical resection.

Method: We analyzed a multicentric retrospective cohort of 39 patients operated on for a TS in five tertiary centers between January 1993 and July 2022.

The connection between anemia and limitations in daily activities among older males: the critical role of dynapenia.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between anemia and basic and instrumental activities of daily living in older male patients.

Methods: A total of 223 older males attending one geriatric outpatient clinic were included in this cross-sectional study. Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin level below 13 g/dL.

The hidden crisis: Moral injury among French healthcare workers.

Background: Amidst reports that one in five doctors and one in four nurses might leave their professions within three to five years due to high levels of burnout, this qualitative review explored the deeper crisis impacting healthcare workers in France, questioning whether factors beyond burnout contributed to their distress.

Methodology: This study analyzed testimonies from French healthcare workers and reviewed relevant literature to uncover the underlying causes of their distress.

Results: The qualitative analysis revealed profound distress among healthcare workers, stemming from a misalignment between their ethical standards, specifically the principle to 'put patients first,' and the practical realities of their work.

Comorbid health outcomes in patients with schizophrenia: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

There is no comprehensive umbrella review exploring the connection between schizophrenia and various health outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review existing meta-analyses about schizophrenia-associated comorbid health outcomes and validate the evidence levels. We performed an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies to explore comorbid health outcomes in individuals with schizophrenia.

Developing a new tool to capture the nature dose to reduce loneliness and improve quality of life.

Recognition of the health benefits of nature contact has increased. Simultaneously, growing numbers of people worldwide experience loneliness. There is a movement towards prescribing nature-based activities to improve/promote social connections, health, and quality of life.