Heterologous Expression and Functional Verification of Extracellular Carbonic Anhydrases in from Mariana Trench.

The exploration and exploitation of deep-sea microbial resources is of great scientific value for understanding biological evolution under extreme conditions. Deep-sea microorganisms are critical in the ocean carbon cycle, and marine heterotrophic microorganisms secrete extracellular carbonic anhydrase (CA) to fix inorganic carbon, an important process in climate regulation. Extracellular CA provides a green method for fixing carbon dioxide into stable minerals containing Ca.

5-Substituted Flavones-Another Class of Potent Triplex DNA-Specific Ligands as Antigene Enhancers.

In the field of drug development, the quest for novel compounds that bind to DNA with high affinity and specificity never ends. In the present work, we report the newest development in this field, namely, triplex DNA-specific binding ligands based on the 5-substituted flavone scaffold in our lab. Biophysical studies showed that the newly synthesized flavone derivatives (depending on the side chains) bind to triplex DNA with binding affinities better than or similar to 5-substituted 3,3',4',7-tetramethoxyflavonoids.

Crack Sealing in Concrete with Biogrout: Sustainable Approach to Enhancing Mechanical Strength and Water Resistance.

Concrete, as the most widely used construction material globally, is prone to cracking under the influence of external factors such as mechanical loads, temperature fluctuations, chemical corrosion, and freeze-thaw cycles. Traditional concrete crack repair methods, such as epoxy resins and polymer mortars, often suffer from a limited permeability, poor compatibility with substrates, and insufficient long-term durability. Microbial biogrouting technology, leveraging microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP), has emerged as a promising alternative for crack sealing.

Shape Optimization and Experimental Investigation of Glue-Laminated Timber Beams.

This study investigated the optimal shape of glue-laminated timber beams using an analytical model of a slender beam, taking into account the anisotropy of its strength properties as well as boundary conditions at the oblique bottom face of the beam. A control theory problem was formulated in order to optimize the shape of the modeled beam. Two optimization tasks were considered: minimizing material usage (Vmin) for a fixed load-carrying capacity (LCC) of the beam and maximizing load-bearing capacity (Qmax) for a given volume of the beam.

Low-Temperature Sintering and Microwave Dielectric Properties of CuZnTiZrNbO Ceramics with the Aid of LiF.

NbO-type ceramics (where = Mg, Ca, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn and = Ti, Zr) are essential for satellite communication and mobile base stations due to their medium relative permittivity () and high quality factor ( × ). Although ZnTiZrNbO ceramic exhibits impressive microwave dielectric properties, including an of 29.75, a × of 107,303 GHz, and a of -24.

High-Volume Phosphogypsum Cement Stabilized Road Base: Preparation Methods and Strength Formation Mechanism.

This study investigated the potential for efficient and resourceful utilization of phosphogypsum (PG) through the preparation of a High-volume Phosphogypsum Cement Stabilized Road Base (HPG-CSSB). The investigation analyzed the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), water stability, strength formation mechanism, microstructure, and pollutant curing mechanism of HPG-CSSB by laser diffraction methods (LD), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The optimal mix ratio of HPG-CSSB was 4% cement, 1% CA2, 35% PG, and 60% graded crushed stone.

Luminescence Properties of M(AlCl):Yb (M = Ca, Sr, Ba): Ideal Materials for the Investigation of Structure-Luminescence Relationships.

In this work, the chloride system M(AlCl) (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) doped with Yb is investigated in greater detail. The influence of the [AlCl] ion on the position of the emission band of Yb is investigated and the emission spectra are recorded. The emission spectra of the Yb-doped materials are characterized by broad 4f5d (HS) ↔ 4f transitions with maxima in the range between 416 nm (Ca) and 421 nm (Ba) (24,061-23,738 cm), whereas the Ba compound features an additional 4f5d (LS) ↔ 4f emission band at 397 nm (25,203 cm) at lower temperatures.

Porphyrin-Based Aluminum Metal-Organic Framework with Copper: Pre-Adsorption of Water Vapor, Dynamic and Static Sorption of Diethyl Sulfide Vapor, and Sorbent Regeneration.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are hybrid inorganic-organic 3D coordination polymers with metal sites and organic linkers, which are a "hot" topic in the research of sorption, separations, catalysis, sensing, and environmental remediation. In this study, we explore the molecular mechanism and kinetics of interaction of the new copper porphyrin aluminum metal-organic framework (actAl-MOF-TCPPCu) compound with a vapor of the volatile organic sulfur compound (VOSC) diethyl sulfide (DES). First, compound was synthesized by post-synthetic modification (PSM) of Al-MOF-TCPPH compound by inserting Cu ions into the porphyrin ring and characterized by complementary qualitative and quantitative chemical, structural, and spectroscopic analysis.

Microstructure and Bioactivity of Ca- and Mg-Modified Silicon Oxycarbide-Based Amorphous Ceramics.

Silicon oxycarbide (SiOC), Ca- and Mg-modified silicon oxycarbide (SiCaOC and SiMgOC) were synthesized via sol-gel processing with subsequent pyrolysis in an inert gas atmosphere. The physicochemical structures of the materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR, and Si MAS NMR. Biocompatibility and in vitro bioactivity were detected by MTT, cell adhesion assay, and simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion test.

Utilization of Copper Flotation Tailings in Geopolymer Materials Based on Zeolite and Fly Ash.

Copper flotation tailings (FTs), resulting from the separation and beneficiation processes of ores, are a significant source of environmental pollution (acid mine drainage, toxic elements leaching, and dust generation). The most common disposal method for this industrial waste is dumping. However, due to their favorable physical and chemical properties-the high content of aluminosilicate minerals (60-90%)-flotation tailings can be effectively treated and reused through geopolymerization technology, thereby adding value to this waste.

Optical, Mechanical, and Chemical Impact of Brushing with Activated Charcoal Toothpowder and Toothpaste on Dental Enamel: An In Vitro Evaluation.

This in vitro study evaluated the effects of brushing with activated charcoal powder or toothpaste on enamel surface properties, including color change (ΔE), Knoop microhardness (HK), roughness (Ra), and the characteristics of the resulting brushing slurry [pH, fluoride (F), and calcium (Ca) concentration]. A total of 48 enamel samples were stained and divided into 4 groups ( = 12): activated charcoal toothpaste (AC-T), activated charcoal powder (AC-P), hydrogen peroxide-based whitening toothpaste (HP-T), and conventional toothpaste (C-T, positive control). The samples were subjected to a brushing cycling model, and ΔE, HK, Ra and enamel morphology were analyzed at baseline (T0) and after brushing cycle (T1).

Dielectric, Electric, and Pyroelectric Properties of BaCaTiO Ceramics.

In this study, we investigate the dielectric, electric, and pyroelectric properties of BaCaTiO (BCT) ceramics with compositions of = 0.2, 0.25, and 0.

Granite Dust and Silica Fume as a Combined Filler of Reactive Powder Concrete.

By volume, cement concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials in the world. This requires a significant amount of Portland cement, and the cement industry, in turn, causes a significant amount of CO emissions. Therefore, the development of concrete with a reduced cement content is becoming an urgent problem for countries with a significant level of production and consumption of concrete.

Genetic Diversity and Differentiation of Silkworm () Local Germplasm Resources in China and Uzbekistan.

Silkworm () is an economically significant insect that produces silk and makes important contributions to the development of silk-producing countries. The genetic diversity and unique adaptive traits of silkworm germplasm resources form the foundation for breeding efforts. In various geographical regions, silkworm have developed distinct traits through long-term adaptive selection.

Alternative Splicing and Alternative Polyadenylation-Regulated Cold Stress Response of .

Temperature is a pivotal ecological factor in the regulation of insect survival and reproduction [...

Impacts of Sublethal Doses of Spinetoram on the Biological Traits and Detoxifying Enzymes of the Tomato Leaf Miner, (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae).

is a major pest, damaging tomato crops in many countries. Spinetoram, a novel insecticide, is increasingly used for the management of various insect pests. However, limited information is available on its lethal effects on .

Active Components of 16 Essential Oils and Their Fumigation Effects on (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).

The greater wax moth (GWM, ) is a prevalent pest of the honeybee and a significant risk to both honeybee populations and honeycomb storage. Research on the toxicity of essential oils (EOs) to GWM larvae has provided promising results, although their ovicidal effects and active ingredients require further study. Identifying effective plant compounds is essential for developing insecticides for GWM control.

A Honey Bee In-and-Out Counting Method Based on Multiple Object Tracking Algorithm.

The honey bee () is of great significance to both the ecological environment and human society, providing bee products and making a significant contribution to the pollination of crops [...

Habitat Suitability of Based on the Optimized MaxEnt Model.

, commonly known as the tiger butterfly, is a visually appealing species in the Danaidae family. As it is not currently classified as endangered, it is excluded from key protected species lists at national and local levels, limiting focus on its population and habitat status, which may result in it being overlooked in local butterfly conservation initiatives. Yunnan, characterized by high butterfly diversity, presents an ideal region for studying habitat suitability for , which may support the conservation of regional biodiversity.

Complete Mitochondrial Genome of (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Two Geographical Regions: Insights into Structure and Genetic Differentiation.

The honeybee plays a crucial role as a pollinator, contributing significantly to biodiversity and supporting ecological processes [...

Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table Analysis of (Hemiptera: Alydidae) Across Different Soybean Varieties.

(Hemiptera: Alydidae) is an economically important pest of soybeans, significantly affecting their quality and market value. This study aims to evaluate the adaptability of to different soybean varieties and provide a foundation for selecting resistant varieties and developing effective integrated pest management strategies. Seven widely planted varieties (Beidou No.

New Mitochondrial Genomes of Ithonidae (Neuroptera) and Higher Phylogenetic Implications.

Ithonidae (moth lacewings) are an enigmatic, small family of the insect order Neuroptera (lacewings). Its phylogenetic position within Neuroptera and internal subfamily relationships remain unresolved. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Tillyard, 1916 representing the first mitogenome of Ithoninae, as well as the complete mitogenome of Liu, Li and Yang, 2018, were newly reported.

Use of Chemical and Colorimetric Changes to Age Frass for Termite Management.

Drywood termites are problematic timber pests worldwide. , the West Indian drywood termite, is among the most important of these pests, in part due to its cryptic nature, making it hard to detect in structures and thereby easy to transport. Primary detections are commonly made by the observation of frass deposits evacuated through kick-holes, often leading to fumigation of the building to effectively eradicate the pest.

The Changes in Cross-Resistance, Fitness, and Feeding Behavior in as Their Resistance to Sulfoxaflor Declines.

The increasing resistance in field populations to sulfoxaflor and many different types of insecticides represents a significant challenge in protecting cotton production in China. Although resistant pests were able to regain their susceptibility to insecticides after the reduction in insecticide applications, some of their biological parameters remained different from susceptible strains. The resistance to sulfoxaflor was unstable in after the loss of selective pressure.

The Flight Pattern of Navel Orangeworm ( Walker) 2008-2023 in California Pistachio.

The navel orangeworm, , is the principal pest of pistachio and almond in California. The timing of the insecticide application is challenging because there is no model that predicts when pistachio is vulnerable to infestation. Sixteen years of pistachio flight data from Madera and Fresno counties (541,892 adults) were analyzed to determine if there was a consistent starting point each year for flights that overlap pistachio vulnerability.