Finding gaps in the national electric vehicle charging station coverage of the United States.

The United States federal government has invested $7.5 billion into charging infrastructure, including the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Program, to build fast charging stations along designated highways for long-distance car travel. We develop a consecutive coverage metric to compute the percent of United States roads (traffic-weighted) that are consecutively accessible within 500 miles of each county.

The politicization of influenza: partisan changes in flu vaccination before and after COVID-19.

Background: Democrats are more likely to be vaccinated for COVID-19 than Republicans. It is unknown if political polarization surrounding the COVID-19 vaccine has affected flu vaccine uptake. The purpose of this study is to examine the partisan differences in annual flu vaccine uptake before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

The First Kleinman-type Second-Harmonic Generation Circular Dichroism On/Off Switchable Ferroelectrics.

Chiral ferroelectrics have recently received considerable interest due to their unique chiroptical properties. They can adopt Kleinman symmetry second-harmonic generation (SHG)-active chiral-polar point groups in the ferroelectric phase while Kleinman symmetry SHG-inactive chiral-nonpolar point groups in the paraelectric phase, providing a great opportunity to realize on/off switching of SHG circular dichroism (SHG-CD) response. However, the SHG-CD effect was rarely explored in chiral ferroelectrics, and the on/off switchable SHG-CD has never been reported.

Exploring the Internal Environmental Changes of Muscle Cells and Apoptotic Phase of Mitochondria in Dry-Cured Loin Using Electrical Stimulation: Promoting the Precise Regulation of Loin Ham Quality.

Traditional dry-curing methods have a long cycle time and low efficiency, resulting in the inconsistent quality of dry-cured ham. By applying electrical stimulation (ES) technology in the dry-curing process, it was found that ES affected mitochondrial apoptosis by modulating the intracellular environment of muscle cells, which, in turn, enhanced the quality of dry-cured pork loin. Specifically, ES accelerated glycogen and ATP depletion, which led to a rapid decline in pH.

Prediction of Radiation Therapy Induced Cardiovascular Toxicity from Pretreatment CT Images in Patients with Thoracic Malignancy via an Optimal Biomarker Approach.

Rationale And Objectives: Cardiovascular toxicity is a well-known complication of thoracic radiation therapy (RT), leading to increased morbidity and mortality, but existing techniques to predict cardiovascular toxicity have limitations. Predictive biomarkers of cardiovascular toxicity may help to maximize patient outcomes.

Methods: The machine learning optimal biomarker (OBM) method was employed to predict development of cardiotoxicity (based on serial echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular ejection fraction and longitudinal strain) from computed tomography (CT) images in patients with thoracic malignancy undergoing RT.

Interviews to Assess a Peer Health Navigator Service for People Who Are Transgender or Gender Diverse.

Purpose: People who are transgender or gender diverse (PTGD) often experience difficulties navigating the health care system due to a variety of factors such as lack of knowledgeable and/or culturally competent clinicians, discrimination, and structural and/or socioeconomic barriers. We sought to determine whether a peer health navigator service in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan helped connect transgender and gender-diverse clients and health care practitioners (HCPs) to resources, and how this service changed their health care experiences.

Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 9 clients and 9 HCPs.

The Soundtrack of a Clinic Day.

There is a hum and drum to the clinical day, sounds and rhythms that pervade physician and patient's soundscape. We hear but we do not listen. The soundtrack of the daily grind is experienced as an audio blanket of white noise.

Prioritizing working memory resources depends on prefrontal cortex.

How the prefrontal cortex contributes to working memory remains controversial, as theories differ in their emphasis on its role in storing memories versus controlling their content. To adjudicate between these competing ideas, we tested how perturbations to the human (both sexes) lateral prefrontal cortex impact the storage and control aspects of working memory during a task that requires human subjects to allocate resources to memory items based on their behavioral priority. Our computational model made a strong prediction that disruption of this control process would counterintuitively improve memory for low-priority items.

The S-Phase Arrest of Host Cells Caused by an Alpha-Herpesvirus Genome Replication Facilitates Viral Recruitment of RNA Polymerase II to Transcribe Viral Genes.

Herpesviruses rely on host RNA polymerae II (RNA Pol II) for their mRNA transcription, yet the mechanisms of which has been poorly defined, while certain herpesviruses can enhance viral gene transcription by altering the RNA Pol II location, modulating its phosphorylation, or directly interacting with RNA Pol II. However, the influence of herpesviruses on RNA Pol II transcription extends beyond these direct effects. Here, we present a novel mechanism by which the host cell cycle regulates viral gene transcription via RNA Pol II during infection by Anatid Herpesvirus 1 (AnHV-1), an avian alpha-herpesvirus.

Structural analysis of human ADAR2-RNA complexes by X-ray crystallography.

Adenosine deaminases acting on RNAs (ADARs) are a class of RNA editing enzymes found in metazoa that catalyze the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in duplexed RNA. Inosine is a nucleotide that can base pair with cytidine, therefore, inosine is interpreted by cellular processes as guanosine. ADARs are functionally important in RNA recoding events, RNA structure modulation, innate immunity, and can be harnessed for therapeutically-driven base editing to treat genetic disorders.

En masse evaluation of RNA guides (EMERGe) for ADARs.

Adenosine Deaminases Acting on RNA (ADARs) convert adenosine to inosine in duplex RNA, and through the delivery of guide RNAs, can be directed to edit specific adenosine sites. As ADARs are endogenously expressed in humans, their editing capacities hold therapeutic potential and allow us to target disease-relevant sequences in RNA through the rationale design of guide RNAs. However, current design principles are not suitable for difficult-to-edit target sites, posing challenges to unlocking the full therapeutic potential of this approach.

The multifaceted roles of retinoids in eye development, vision, and retinal degenerative diseases.

Vitamin A (all-trans-retinol; at-Rol) and its derivatives, known as retinoids, have been adopted by vertebrates to serve as visual chromophores and signaling molecules, particularly in the eye/retina. Few tissues rely on retinoids as heavily as the retina, and the study of genetically modified mouse models with deficiencies in specific retinoid-metabolizing proteins has allowed us to gain insight into the unique or redundant roles of these proteins in at-Rol uptake and storage, or their downstream roles in retinal development and function. These processes occur during embryogenesis and continue throughout life.

Early retinoic acid signaling organizes the body axis and defines domains for the forelimb and eye.

All-trans RA (ATRA) is a small molecule derived from retinol (vitamin A) that directly controls gene expression at the transcriptional level by serving as a ligand for nuclear ATRA receptors. ATRA is produced by ATRA-generating enzymes that convert retinol to retinaldehyde (retinol dehydrogenase; RDH10) followed by conversion of retinaldehyde to ATRA (retinaldehyde dehydrogenase; ALDH1A1, ALDH1A2, or ALDH1A3). Determining what ATRA normally does during vertebrate development has been challenging as studies employing ATRA gain-of-function (RA treatment) often do not agree with genetic loss-of-function studies that remove ATRA via knockouts of ATRA-generating enzymes.

Safety of interleukin inhibitors in patients with plaque psoriasis and history of neoplasms: a multicenter retrospective study - IL PSO (Italian landscape psoriasis).

Interleukin (IL) inhibitors are increasingly used in the management of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. However, their use in patients with a history of cancer is debated. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study across nine Italian Dermatology Units to assess the real-world effectiveness and safety of IL inhibitors (IL-23, IL-17, IL-12/23) in 136 oncological patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.

Effects of daridorexant on rest/wake activity patterns and drinking in adult rats exposed to chronic ethanol vapor in adolescence.

Disturbance in sleep and activity rhythms are significant health risks associated with alcohol use during adolescence. Many investigators support the theory of a reciprocal relationship between disrupted circadian rhythms, sleep patterns, and alcohol usage. However, in human studies it is difficult to disentangle other factors (i.