Gradient Porous and Carbon Black-Integrated Cellulose Acetate Aerogel for Scalable Radiative Cooling.

Passive temperature controls like passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC)-heating (PDRH), and thermal insulation are essential to meet the growing demand for energy-efficient thermal solutions. When combined with advanced functions like electromagnetic interference shielding, these technologies can significantly enhance scalability. However, existing approaches using single thin films or uniform porous materials face inherent limitations in optimizing versatile functions, while lightweight, insulating aerogels can extend their multifunctionality by manipulating pores and fillers.

Aging Selectively Alters PRR and ISG Expression in Endo- and Ecto-Cervical Stromal Fibroblasts From the Human Female Reproductive Tract.

Problem: Aging alters immune function in women and can lead increased risk of infections, particularly in the female reproductive tract (FRT).

Method Of Study: To determine how aging affects innate immune responses in the cervical stroma of the FRT, we isolated endocervical (CX) and ectocervical (ECX) stromal fibroblasts and determine if their expression of multiple pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and responses to viral stimulation varied with menopause and age.

Results: Constitutive expression of most PRRs did not vary with age or menopausal status in either cell type.

Comparing adenosine A receptor modulation of cannabinoid CB receptor-mediated inhibition of GABA and glutamate release in rodent striatal nerve terminals.

In corticostriatal nerve terminals, glutamate release is stimulated by adenosine via A receptors (ARs) and simultaneously inhibited by endocannabinoids via CB receptors (CBRs). We previously identified presynaptic AR-CBR heterotetrameric complexes in corticostriatal nerve terminals. We now explored the possible functional interaction between ARs and CBRs in purified striatal GABAergic nerve terminals (synaptosomes) and compared these findings with those on the release of glutamate.

White Depressed Areas and Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes: The Cancer Cure That Lies Within?

This brief overview is inspired by seminal contributions by the late Dr. Martin C. Mihm, Jr.

Historical Redlining and Community-Reported Housing Quality: A Spatial Analysis.

Historical redlining, a racially discriminatory practice implemented by the US government in the 1930s, has been associated with present-day environmental outcomes. However, there is limited research examining the relationship between historical redlining and contemporary housing quality. The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between historical redlining and contemporary housing quality in Atlanta, Georgia.

Calcium Ion Attenuates Transforming Growth Factor β1-Induced Extracellular Matrix Accumulation by Inducing Smad2 Degradation through the Proteasome Pathway.

Extracellular Ca is the first ligand that has been confirmed to function by activating the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a member of G-protein coupled receptors. CaSR controls not only calcium homeostasis, but also plays a pivotal role in many cellular processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis; moreover, it is implicated in the development of cardiovascular diseases. TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway is a classical pathway of renal fibrosis.

Train-the-Educator: Boosting Knowledge and Confidence for Conducting Substance Use Prevention Education.

Background: School-based substance use prevention is important, yet many educators are not trained in the curriculums. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in educators' knowledge about substances and confidence in delivering drug education before and after participating in educator trainings, as well as overall perceptions of the trainings, for three curriculums: tobacco, cannabis, and all drugs prevention.

Methods: We conducted one-arm pre-post analyses evaluating educators' changes in knowledge about products and confidence to deliver curriculums.

Enablers and barriers to public health practice during COVID-19: Perspectives from local public leadership from across Canada.

Objective: Our study investigates the efforts of local medical health officers during COVID-19 in Canada, with a focus on explicating enabling factors and barriers to effectively respond through local public health efforts.

Methods: We conducted 26 semi-structured interviews with local-level public health leadership from across Canada and analyzed the transcripts for salient facilitators and barriers to effective local public health practice using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.

Results: Effective local-level public health practice was facilitated by efforts that potentiated synergistic efforts inside and outside of the public health sector, including trust, buy-in, and ample resources.

Practice Intention: Addressing the Needs of Diverse Underserved Communities in Medical Education.

Background And Objectives: The US physician workforce is at a critical juncture, with a projected shortage and misdistribution of primary care physicians. Culturally and linguistically diverse states, such as California, are challenged to search for innovative approaches in medical education to address the physician needs of diverse underserved communities. The University of California recognizes this imperative and supports Programs in Medical Education (PRIME), including PRIME Leadership and Advocacy (PRIME-LA) at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA).

Underrepresented in Medicine Mentorship Program: Perceived Benefits and Lessons Learned.

Background And Objectives: Faculty members who are underrepresented in medicine (URM) may benefit from mentorship that is designed specifically to meet their unique needs and is focused on improving their career pathways in academic medicine. The Underrepresented in Medicine Mentorship Program (URM-MP) is an academic society-based mentorship program that pairs early career URM faculty with mid- to late-career faculty specifically trained to address URM issues.

Methods: During the first 3 years of the program, mentors received web-based training on addressing oppression and marginalization of URM faculty in academic medicine.

Changes in Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Activities of Family Medicine Departments.

Background And Objectives: Institutional racism causes worse health outcomes for patients of racial/ethnic minority groups via limited access to health care, disparities in quality of care delivered, and lack of physician diversity. Increased attention to racism in 2020 led many medical institutions to examine their diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts. In the context of increased national attention to health equity, this study sought to investigate the current status of DEI infrastructure by evaluating leadership and support related to DEI in family medicine departments in 2020 and 2021.

The Role of [F]F-FDG PET/CT for Predicting Histology and Prognosis in Patients with Thymic Lesions.

Objectives: To investigate whether 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ([F]F-FDG PET/CT) metabolic parameters were associated with histology and to assess their prognostic role in patients with thymic lesions.

Patients And Methods: In total, 116 patients (49/67 M/F; mean age 59.5 years) who underwent preoperative [F]F-FDG PET/CT and thymectomy from 2012 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.

Tapinarof Improved Outcomes and Sleep for Patients and Families in Two Phase 3 Atopic Dermatitis Trials in Adults and Children.

Introduction: Tapinarof is a topical aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist in development for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). In two phase 3 trials (ADORING 1 and 2), tapinarof cream 1% once daily (QD) demonstrated significant efficacy and was well tolerated in patients down to age 2 years with AD. Here, we evaluate patient-reported outcomes (PROs), including family impact, with tapinarof in ADORING 1 and 2.

Preliminary assessment of waste accumulation along riverbanks in Italy.

This paper presents a preliminary assessment of waste accumulation along riverbanks in Italy, aiming to provide baseline data for future monitoring and management efforts. The study surveyed 18 stations along 16 rivers across different regions of Italy, from north to south, to quantify and characterise the types and abundance of litter present along their banks. Field surveys were conducted by Legambiente citizen scientists applying a standardised protocol to record and categorise litter items systematically.

Current predation risk has opposing effects on social learning of foraging locations across two guppy populations.

Social learning, where animals learn from other individuals, occurs in many diverse species. The influential but debated 'costly information' hypothesis posits that animals will rely more on social information in high-risk contexts, such as under increased predation risk. We examined and compared the effects of perceived predation risk on social learning of foraging sites in female Trinidadian guppies from wild and domestic populations raised in common-garden environments.

A Review on Imaging in Axial Spondyloarthritis: SPARTAN 2024 Annual Meeting Proceedings.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this publication is to review the role of imaging in axial spondyloarthritis. These findings were presented at the SPARTAN annual meeting in May 2024.

Recent Findings: Imaging plays a major role in the diagnosis and monitoring of axial spondyloarthritis.

Stroke endovascular thrombectomy related subarachnoid hyperdensity: incidence, predictive factors, and a proposed sub-classification.

Background: Subarachnoid hyperdensity (SAH) after endovascular thrombectomy is a well-known phenomenon. Nevertheless, the clinical significance and natural history of this phenomenon is not well described. In addition, we test previously postulated hypotheses of distal occlusions sites and antithrombotic use to SAH prevalence and extent.

Enhanced Killing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus with Ceftaroline or Vancomycin in Combination with Carbapenems.

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia is associated with high rates of treatment failure, even when antibiotics showing in vitro susceptibility are used. Early optimization of therapy is crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality. Building on our previous research on carbapenem therapy for methicillin-susceptible S.

Abundant and active community members respond to diel cycles in hot spring phototrophic mats.

Photosynthetic microbial mats in hot springs can provide insights into the diel behaviors of communities in extreme environments. In this habitat, photosynthesis dominates during the day, leading to super-oxic conditions, with a rapid transition to fermentation and anoxia at night. Multiple samples were collected from two springs over several years to generate metagenomic and metatranscriptomic datasets.

Denosumab and clinical outcomes among men with osteoporosis: a retrospective cohort study.

Unlabelled: Most subjects in osteoporosis clinical trials were women with postmenopausal osteoporosis and while bridging studies (BMD endpoint) provide an expectation that osteoporosis medications will reduce fracture risk in men. This real-world study shows direct evidence of fracture risk reduction among men with osteoporosis (36% of hip fracture reduction with denosumab).

Purpose: Direct evidence for fracture risk reduction of medications used among men with osteoporosis is very limited.

Identification of a gene controlling levels of the copper response regulator 1 transcription factor in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Oxygen prevents hydrogen production in Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), in part by inhibiting the transcription of hydrogenase genes. We developed a screen for mutants showing constitutive accumulation of iron hydrogenase 1 (HYDA1) transcripts in normoxia. A reporter gene required for ciliary motility placed under the control of the HYDA1 promoter conferred motility only in hypoxia.

Breaking the Bone Marrow Barrier: Peripheral Blood as a Gateway to Measurable Residual Disease Detection in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a genetically heterogeneous disease with high rates of relapse after initial treatment. Identifying measurable residual disease (MRD) following initial therapy is essential to assess response, predict patient outcomes, and identify those in need of additional intervention. Currently, MRD analysis relies on invasive, serial bone marrow (BM) biopsies, which complicate sample availability and processing time and negatively impact patient experience.

Impact of Sotorasib, a KRAS G12C Inhibitor, on the Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Window of Digoxin, a P-Glycoprotein Substrate.

Sotorasib is a small-molecule Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) G12C inhibitor indicated for the treatment of KRAS G12C-driven cancers. KRAS G12C is a common mutation in solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer. In vitro studies suggested that sotorasib is a weak inhibitor of P-glycoprotein transporter.