Clinical and In Vitro Safety of AO 1167B: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

(1) Background: , a lactic acid-producing bacterium, displays characteristics of both and genera. Clinical evidence suggests its potential health benefits. This study evaluated the safety of AO1167B as a candidate probiotic supplement.

Nitrogen-Fixing and : Two Novel Species from Plant Rhizospheres.

Two strains, M1 and H32 with nitrogen-fixing ability, were isolated from the rhizospheres of different plants. Genome sequence analysis showed that a (trogen ixation) gene cluster composed of nine genes () was conserved in the two strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strains M1 and H32 are members of the genus .

Variations in the Bacterial, Fungal, and Protist Communities and Their Interactions Within Sediment Affected by the Benthic Organism, Snail .

In aquatic benthic environments, benthic organisms have been found to regulate important biogeochemical characteristics and perform key ecosystem functions. To further explore the ecological impact of the snail 's, presence on the benthic environment, we employed high-throughput sequencing technology to investigate its effects on the bacterial, fungal, and protist communities in sediment and their intrinsic interactions. Our findings revealed that 's presence significantly enhanced the diversity and evenness of the fungal community while simultaneously decreasing the diversity and richness of the protist community, and it also altered the composition and relative abundance of the dominant phyla across the bacterial, fungal, and protist communities.

Evaluating the Effects of Sugar Shift Symbiotic on Microbiome Composition and LPS Regulation: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.

(1) Background: This study evaluated the effects of BiotiQuest Sugar Shift, a novel probiotic formulation, for its impact on gut microbiome composition and metabolic health in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). T2D is characterized by chronic inflammation and gut microbiome imbalances, yet the therapeutic potential of targeted probiotics remains underexplored. (2) Methods: In a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 64 adults with T2D received either Sugar Shift or placebo capsules twice daily.

Combined Effects of the Phage and Sodium Hypochlorite for Reducing Biofilm.

are significant spoilage bacteria in raw milk and dairy products, primarily due to their ability to form biofilms and resist disinfection. This study explored the effects of the phage combined with sodium hypochlorite in reducing biofilms on stainless steel at various temperatures and ages. Biofilms were formed using UFV 041 in UHT milk, incubated at 4 °C and 30 °C for 2 and 7 days.

The Yeast F-Box Protein Met30 Regulates Proline Utilization Independently of Transceptor Can1 Under Nutrient-Rich Conditions.

Proline is the most abundant amino acid in wine and beer, largely due to the limited utilization of proline by the yeast during fermentation. Previous studies have shown that the arginine transporter Can1 plays a role in regulating proline utilization by acting as a transceptor, combining the functions of both a transporter and a receptor for basic amino acids. However, the -disrupted strains have exhibited the inhibition of proline utilization under nutrient-rich conditions, indicating that additional factors beyond basic amino acids contribute to the inhibition of proline utilization.

E2 Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes Regulates Dengue Virus-2 Replication in .

, a major vector of dengue virus (DENV), has a global distribution. Identifying the key components of the ubiquitin system of essential for the replication of viruses could help identify targets for developing broad-spectrum antiviral strategies. This study explores the interaction between E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (Ubc9) and DENV-2 proteins (NS1, NS5, and E) using cell culture and mosquito models.

Novel Nuclease MbovP701 with a Yqaj Domain Is Interrelated with the Growth of .

() is characterized by a reduced genomic size and limited synthetic capacity, including the inability to synthesize nucleotides de novo, relies on nucleases for nutrient acquisition and survival. A number of nucleases have been implicated in pathogenicity, facilitating substrate degradation and contributing to DNA repair mechanisms that enhance bacterial persistence. The present study confirmed that the T5.

BDSF Analogues Inhibit Quorum Sensing-Regulated Biofilm Production in .

is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium that is responsible for many plant diseases. The bacterium is the causal agent of Pierce's disease in grapes and is also responsible for citrus variegated chlorosis, peach phony disease, olive quick decline syndrome and leaf scorches of various species. The production of biofilm is intrinsically linked with persistence and transmission in .

Structural Characterization of Encapsulin in Complex with Dye-Decolorizing Peroxide.

(Mtb) is the causative agent of tuberculosis, the world's deadliest infectious disease. Mtb uses a variety of mechanisms to evade the human host's defenses and survive intracellularly. Mtb's oxidative stress response enables Mtb to survive within activated macrophages, an environment with reactive oxygen species and low pH.

Effects of Gene on Desiccation Resistance in .

, an opportunistic foodborne pathogen, has a strong resistance to osmotic stress and desiccation stress, but the current studies cannot elucidate this resistance mechanism absolutely. A mechanosensitive channel MscM was suspected of involving to desiccation resistance mechanism of To investigate the specific molecular mechanism, the mutant strain (Δ) was constructed using the homologous recombination method, and the complementary strain was obtained by gene complementation, followed by the analysis of the difference between the wild-type (WT), mutant, and complementary strains. Compared to the wild-type bacteria (WT), the inactivation rate of the Δ strain decreased by 15.

Longitudinal Microbiome Investigations Reveal Core and Growth-Associated Bacteria During Early Life Stages of .

In animals, growth and development are strongly correlated with the gut microbiota. The gut of the economically important marine crab () harbors a diverse microbial community, yet its associations with the surrounding environment, growth performance, and developmental stages remain obscure. In this study, we first characterized stage-specific microbiomes and shifts in the contributions of live feed and water via SourceTracker.

Deciphering Immune Modulation in Chickens Co-Infected with ALV-J and CIAV: A Transcriptomic Approach.

Viral co-infections pose significant challenges, causing substantial economic losses worldwide in the poultry industry. Among these, avian lLeukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) and chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) are particularly concerning, as they frequently lead to co-infections in chickens, further compromising their immune defenses, increasing susceptibility to secondary infections and diminishing vaccine efficacy. While our previous studies have examined the pathogenicity and immunosuppressive effects of these co-infections in vitro and in vivo, the key genes and molecular pathways involved remain largely unexplored.

Microbial Communities in and Around the Siboglinid Tubeworms from the South Yungan East Ridge Cold Seep Offshore Southwestern Taiwan at the Northern South China Sea.

To date, only a few microbial community studies of cold seeps at the South China Sea (SCS) have been reported. The cold seep dominated by tubeworms was discovered at South Yungan East Ridge (SYER) offshore southwestern Taiwan by miniROV. The tubeworms were identified and proposed as sp.

Application of and on Lipid Metabolism, Anti-Inflammatory, and Fecal Microbiota in Cats.

Probiotics have been used in functional foods and dietary supplements, and in recent years, they have become more widely used in pets. In our previous experiment, L-27-2 and L-14-1 were isolated from cat feces and proved to have positive effects on lipid metabolism in mice. To further discuss their possible effects in cats, a total of 12 healthy cats (British Shorthair) were randomly divided into two groups.

Targeted Variant Assessments of Human Endogenous Retroviral Regions in Whole Genome Sequencing Data Reveal Retroviral Variants Associated with Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is one of the fastest-growing cancers worldwide, lacking established causal factors or validated early diagnostics. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), comprising 8% of human genomes, have potential as PTC biomarkers due to their comparably high baseline expression in healthy thyroid tissues, indicating homeostatic roles. However, HERV regions are often overlooked in genome-wide association studies because of their highly repetitive nature, low sequence coverage, and decreased sequencing quality.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Chronic Pouchitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Pouchitis is a common complication after ileal-pouch anal anastomosis in patients with medically refractory ulcerative colitis. There has been a lack of high-level evidence focusing on the safety and efficacy outcomes of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). We aim to evaluate outcomes and complications of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for chronic pouchitis.

Enhancement of Digestive Enzyme Activity in Using ARTP Mutagenesis.

is used as a probiotic in animal and human food supplements. Atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) systems have frequently been used to screen for effective mutant probiotics. In this study, was treated with ARTP, and high-yielding digestive enzyme mutant strains were obtained by measuring the activities of α-amylase, lipase, and neutral protease.

A Comparison of Three Automated Nucleic Acid Extraction Systems for Human Stool Samples.

Automated nucleic acid extractors are useful instruments for the high-throughput processing of bio-samples and are expected to improve research throughput in addition to decreased inter-sample variability inherent to manual processing. We evaluated three commercial nucleic acid extractors Bioer GenePure Pro (Bioer Technology, Hangzhou, China), Maxwell RSC 16 (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI, USA), and KingFisher Apex (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) based on their DNA yield, DNA purity, and 16S rRNA gene amplicon results using both human fecal samples and a mock community (ZymoBIOMICS Microbial Community Standard (Zymo Research Corp., Irvine, CA, USA)).

Delayed Sowing Reduced Wilt by Altering Soil Temperature and Humidity to Enhance Beneficial Rhizosphere Bacteria of Sunflower.

Sunflower Wilt (SVW) caused by is a significant threat to sunflower production in China. This soilborne disease is difficult to control. It has been observed that delayed sowing reduces the severity of SVW on different varieties and across various locations.

Phage vB_SpuM_X5: A Novel Approach to Reducing Biofilms with Implications for Food Safety.

, a prevalent foodborne pathogen, poses a significant social and economic strain on both food safety and public health. The application of phages in the control of foodborne pathogens represents an emerging research area. In this study, phage vB_SpuM_X5 (phage X5) was isolated from chicken farm sewage samples.

The Small RNA MicF Represses ObgE and SeqA in .

Small regulatory RNAs (sRNA) have been shown to play a large role in the management of stress responses in and other bacteria. Upon fluctuations in nutrient availability and exposure to antimicrobials and superoxide-generating agents, the MicF sRNA in has been shown to regulate a small set of genes involved in the management of membrane permeability. Currently, it is unknown whether MicF acts on other processes to mediate the response to these agents.

Prevalence of Four Nematode Species (Mermithidae) in Adult Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae): First Comments Since Infection/Parasitism in Fourth-Instar Larvae.

We examined the infective capacity of the mermithid nematodes, , , , and in fourth-instar mosquito larvae nearing pupation of , , and to determine their prevalence in the adults of these mosquitoes. We exposed fourth-instar larvae to pre-parasitic nematodes (juvenile 2 stages) at a ratio of 10:1 (10 nematodes per mosquito larvae). Two days after the nematode applications, a sample of 20 pupae was taken and placed into transparent plastic cups with distilled water to observe the development and growth of pupae until they reached the adult phase with nematodes inside.

Biological Characteristics and Fungicide Screening of Causing Mulberry Anthracnose.

Mulberry is an important economic crop in China that is widely planted and has important edible and medicinal value. Anthracnose, a critical leaf disease, severely compromises the yield and quality of mulberry trees. However, there are many kinds of pathogens causing mulberry anthracnose and it is difficult to control.

Promotes Antioxidant Gene Expression and Mitochondrial Oxidative Respiration in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

(L.) Urban (family Apiaceae) () is a traditional botanical medicine used in aging and dementia. Water extracts of (CAW) have been used to treat neuropsychiatric symptoms in related animal models and are associated with increases in antioxidant response element (ARE) genes and improvements in mitochondrial respiratory function and neuronal health.