Effects of low acid-binding capacity specialty soy protein sources on nursery pig performance in a commercial environment.

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of low acid-binding capacity () specialty soy protein sources on weanling pig performance. In experiment 1, 2,260 pigs, initially weighed 6.7 kg, were used to determine the effects of low ABC soy proteins as a replacement to poultry meal () or spray-dried blood plasma ().

Population Size Estimation of Men Who Have Sex With Men in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Google Trends Analysis.

Background: Population size estimation (PSE) for key populations is needed to inform HIV programming and policy.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the utility of applying a recently proposed method using Google Trend (GT) internet search data to generate PSE (Google Trends Population Size Estimate [GTPSE]) for men who have sex with men (MSM) in 54 countries in Africa, Asia, the Americas, and Europe.

Methods: We examined GT relative search volumes (representing the relative internet search frequency of specific search terms) for "porn" and, as a comparator term, "gay porn" for the year 2020.

Prevalence and mortality trends of hemoglobinopathies in Italy: a nationwide study.

Not available.

Canagliflozin reduces oral loop diuretic intensification in patients with type 2 diabetes: A participant-level pooled analysis of the CANVAS and CREDENCE trials.

Aims: The sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor canagliflozin reduces the risk of heart failure (HF) hospitalization or cardiovascular death and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression among patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk or with CKD. Patients with type 2 diabetes commonly have coexisting HF or CKD that require treatment with loop diuretics; however, the prognostic implications of oral loop diuretic intensification are not well characterized.

Methods And Results: In this participant-level pooled analysis of the CREDENCE and CANVAS trials (not including CANVAS-R), 1454/8731 (16.

Effect of Food Intake or Coadministration With an Acid-Reducing Agent on Lenacapavir Pharmacokinetics Following Oral Administration.

Lenacapavir is a potent, long-acting HIV-1 capsid inhibitor used in combination with other antiretrovirals to treat HIV-1 infection. The pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs may be affected by food intake or coadministration of acid-reducing agents (ARA). Two Phase 1 studies were conducted on healthy participants to evaluate the effect of food and the impact of the histamine H-receptor antagonist famotidine in parallel cohorts.

Silicate-substituted bovine-derived hydroxyapatite as a bone substitute in regenerative dentistry.

Hydroxyapatite, renowned for its biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties, plays a fundamental role in bone regeneration owing to its resemblance to natural bone mineral, thus offering considerable potential for advancing tissue engineering strategies. In this article, the innovative integration of silicon ions into biogenic (bovine-derived) hydroxyapatite (SiBHA) via a tailored sol-gel process is reported. The resultant SiBHA scaffolds exhibited an interconnected microporous structure with a total porosity of 70% and pore dimensions ranging from 120 to 650 µm.

Residual limb neuropathic pain association with neuroma, prosthetic, function, and participation outcomes in individuals living with a transtibial amputation: an exploratory study.

Objective: To determine the strength of the association between residual limb neuropathic pain intensity and the number of neuromas, prosthetic, functional, and participation outcomes, and assess whether ultrasound (US) biomarkers of neuromas differ between pain intensities.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Subjects: Twenty-two participants with a transtibial amputation for more than 12 months, with and without residual limb neuropathic pain.

Meta-Analysis of the Association Between -2578C/A Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: to investigate the association between vascular endothelial growth factor (-2578C/A polymorphism and susceptibility to type 2 diabetic retinopathy (T2DR) by meta-analysis.

Methods: According to the search strategy, Four databases were retrieved to identify the literature on the relationship between polymorphism and the risk of T2DR from inception to July 2024. Stata 15.

Formulating Single Phasic Silicorhenanite (α- and β-NaCa(PO)SiO) Bioactive Glass Materials Competing with Commercial Crystalline Hydroxyapatite Bone Mineral for Biomedical Applications.

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is a well-known medically renowned bioactive material known for its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical stability, but it lacks fast bioactivity. The restricted release of ions from hydroxyapatite encourages the search for a faster bioactive material that could replicate other properties of HAP. A new sol-gel-mediated potentially bioactive glass material that could mimic the structure of HAP but can surpass the performance of HAP bioactively has been formulated in this study.

edgeR v4: powerful differential analysis of sequencing data with expanded functionality and improved support for small counts and larger datasets.

edgeR is an R/Bioconductor software package for differential analyses of sequencing data in the form of read counts for genes or genomic features. Over the past 15 years, edgeR has been a popular choice for statistical analysis of data from sequencing technologies such as RNA-seq or ChIP-seq. edgeR pioneered the use of the negative binomial distribution to model read count data with replicates and the use of generalized linear models to analyze complex experimental designs.

DNA methylation profiling at base-pair resolution reveals unique epigenetic features of early-onset colorectal cancer in underrepresented populations.

Background: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) has been rising at an alarming rate in the USA, and EOCRC disproportionately affects racial/ethnic minorities. Here, we construct comprehensive profiles of EOCRC DNA methylomes at base-pair resolution for a cohort of Hispanic and African American patients.

Results: We show the epigenetic landscape of these EOCRC patients differs from that of late-onset colorectal cancer patients, and methylation canyons in EOCRC tumor tissue preferentially overlapped genes in cancer-related pathways.

Drug allergy.

Drug allergy encompasses a spectrum of immunologically-mediated hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) with varying mechanisms and clinical presentations. This type of adverse drug reaction (ADR) not only affects patient quality of life, but may also lead to delayed treatment, unnecessary investigations, and increased morbidity and mortality. Given the spectrum of symptoms associated with the condition, diagnosis can be challenging.

Cost-effectiveness of watchful waiting versus immediate emergency department transfer after epinephrine autoinjector use in Canada.

Background: Until recently, immediate emergency department (ED) transfer after food-related anaphylactic reactions was recommended regardless of symptom resolution following use of an epinephrine autoinjector (EAI). We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of delayed ED transfer after EAI use in non-medical settings (watchful waiting) compared to immediate ED transfer among pediatric patients with food allergies in Canada.

Methods: We developed a probabilistic Markov model of individuals starting at age of one year who are at risk of severe food-related allergic reactions requiring epinephrine.

APOE Christchurch enhances a disease-associated microglial response to plaque but suppresses response to tau pathology.

Background: Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). A recent case report identified a rare variant in APOE, APOE3-R136S (Christchurch), proposed to confer resistance to autosomal dominant Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, it remains unclear whether and how this variant exerts its protective effects.

The patellar compression angle: a new, accurate diagnostic angle for lateral patellar compression syndrome.

Background: Lateral patellar compression syndrome (LPCS) is a common cause of anterior knee pain. Early diagnosis of LPCS using an accurate radiological examination is, therefore, important. However, the currently used radiological examinations for detecting LPCS are poor diagnostic indicators.

Sprengel deformity: What is the functional outcome of conservative treatment versus surgical correction?

Background: Sprengel deformity is a rare congenital malformation of the scapula defined by malposition during embryonic development. Affected individuals have limited range of motion of the shoulder and torticollis. Surgical reconstruction is an option to treat patients with severe deformity and functional impairment.

The algebraic extended atom-type graph-based model for precise ligand-receptor binding affinity prediction.

Accurate prediction of ligand-receptor binding affinity is crucial in structure-based drug design, significantly impacting the development of effective drugs. Recent advances in machine learning (ML)-based scoring functions have improved these predictions, yet challenges remain in modeling complex molecular interactions. This study introduces the AGL-EAT-Score, a scoring function that integrates extended atom-type multiscale weighted colored subgraphs with algebraic graph theory.

Atherogenic index of plasma and coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), a novel logarithmic index that combines fasting triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, is associated with the burden of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between AIP and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk, severity, and prognosis in populations with and without established CAD.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched from the inception of each database to August 13, 2024.

Changes in infant respiratory pathogens pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 non-pharmacological interventions in Beijing.

Background: To explore the effect of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) on respiratory pathogen profiles among hospitalized infants aged 0-3 months in Beijing during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: Respiratory specimens were collected from 1,184 infants aged 0-3 months who were hospitalized for acute respiratory infection at the Children's Hospital affiliated with the Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2018 to December 2023. The data were divided into three groups-the pre-epidemic (January 2018 to December 2019), epidemic prevention and control (January 2020 to December 2022), and post-epidemic (January 2023 to December 2023) groups-based on the outbreak of COVID-19 and the implementation and termination of NPIs.

Physiology-informed use of Cupriavidus necator in biomanufacturing: a review of advances and challenges.

Biomanufacturing offers a potentially sustainable alternative to deriving chemicals from fossil fuels. However, traditional biomanufacturing, which uses sugars as feedstocks, competes with food production and yields unfavourable land use changes, so more sustainable options are necessary. Cupriavidus necator is a chemolithoautotrophic bacterium capable of consuming carbon dioxide and hydrogen as sole carbon and energy sources, or formate as the source of both.

Within-session propulsion asymmetry changes have a limited effect on gait asymmetry post-stroke.

Background: Biomechanical gait impairments, such as reduced paretic propulsion, are common post-stroke. Studies have used biofeedback to increase paretic propulsion and reduce propulsion asymmetry, but it is unclear if these changes impact overall gait asymmetry. There is an implicit assumption that reducing propulsion asymmetry will improve overall gait symmetry, as paretic propulsion has been related to numerous biomechanical impairments.

The fibronectin-targeting PEG-FUD imaging probe shows enhanced uptake during fibrogenesis in experimental lung fibrosis.

Progressive forms of interstitial lung diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), are deadly disorders lacking non-invasive biomarkers for assessment of early disease activity, which presents a major obstacle in disease management. Excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition is a hallmark of these disorders, with fibronectin being an abundant ECM glycoprotein that is highly upregulated in early fibrosis and serves as a scaffold for the deposition of other matrix proteins. Due to its role in active fibrosis, we are targeting fibronectin as a biomarker of early lung fibrosis disease activity via the PEGylated fibronectin-binding polypeptide (PEG-FUD).

Demographic disparities in access to COVID-19 clinical trial sites across the United States: a geospatial analysis.

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, underserved populations, such as racial and ethnic minority communities, were disproportionately impacted by illness and death. Ensuring people from diverse backgrounds have the ability to participate in clinical trials is key to advancing health equity. We sought to analyze the spatial variability in locations of COVID-19 trials sites and to test associations with demographic correlates.

Perceptions of cervical screening uptake amongst South Asian women in Ontario, Canada: a concept mapping study.

Background: Regular cervical screening can significantly reduce the onset and prevalence of cervical cancer. In Ontario, Canada, South Asian women have the lowest rates of cervical cancer screening among major ethnic groups in the province.

Methods: Using an innovative and participant-driven method called Concept Mapping (CM), we set out to understand how the lives and experiences of South Asian women living in Ontario shape their decisions around getting screened for cervical cancer.