Research Note: New Estimates of Immigrants' Self-employment From Linked Tax Records.

Self-employment plays a crucial role in immigrants' economic assimilation. Previous studies examining immigrants' self-employment relied on estimates obtained from national surveys, which could contain measurement error. In this research note, we compare estimates of immigrant men's self-employment obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS) with those from data linking respondents to their tax records.

Clinicopathologic Characteristics of 40 Cases of Juvenile Conjunctival Nevus.

Aims: Limited studies have been conducted on juvenile conjunctival nevus (JCN) in Asian populations. This study aims to investigate the clinical and pathologic characteristics of JCN cases among the Han ethnicity in northwest China, providing insights for pathologists and ophthalmologists in diagnosing this condition.

Methods: A subset of conjunctival nevi in children and adolescents, characterized by a confluent growth pattern and lack of maturation, was identified and defined as JCN.

Crystal Structure and Photoluminescence Properties of Ca(PO):Eu Phosphors With High Emission Efficiency.

The influence of Eu concentration on the crystal structure and photoluminescence (PL) properties of Ca(PO):xEu (0.06 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) phosphors is systematically investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) Rietveld refinement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and PL spectroscopy.

The Pharmacokinetic Changes in Cystic Fibrosis Patients Population: Narrative Review.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a rare genetic disorder commonly affecting multiple organs such as the lungs, pancreas, liver, kidney, and intestine. Our search focuses on the pathophysiological changes that affect the drugs' absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). This review aims to identify the ADME data that compares the pharmacokinetics (PK) of different drugs in CF and healthy subjects.

RNA Metabolism and the Role of Small RNAs in Regulating Multiple Aspects of RNA Metabolism.

RNA metabolism is focused on RNA molecules and encompasses all the crucial processes an RNA molecule may or will undergo throughout its life cycle. It is an essential cellular process that allows all cells to function effectively. The transcriptomic landscape of a cell is shaped by the processes such as RNA biosynthesis, maturation (RNA processing, folding, and modification), intra- and inter-cellular transport, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, modification, catabolic decay, and retrograde signaling, all of which are interconnected and are essential for cellular RNA homeostasis.

Content Validity of a New Soccer (Football) Return-to-Play Test: The RONDO-TEST.

Objectives: The aim was to assess the content validity of a new field test on general and soccer-specific motor skills before return to play.

Methods: The RONDO-TEST was assessed by a Delphi panel for its content validity. It included a survey to evaluate 16 items related to the test consisting of four 10 m lines which cross over at their mid-point, resulting in eight 5 m sectors that include locomotor skills (speeding, moving sideways, side cutting, and jumping) and soccer-specific technical skills (dribbling, slalom course, and kicking/passing).

Novel Integration of Spatial and Single-Cell Omics Data Sets Enables Deeper Insights into IPF Pathogenesis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease characterized by repetitive alveolar injuries with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. A crucial need in understanding IPF pathogenesis is identifying cell types associated with histopathological regions, particularly local fibrosis centers known as fibroblast foci. To address this, we integrated published spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) transcriptomics and adopted the Query method and the Overlap method to determine cell type enrichments in histopathological regions.

A Practical Guide to Grade Adjustment or Curving for Pharmacy and Other Professional Health Programs.

The peer-reviewed literature on the adjustment or curving of assessments in health profession programs is almost non-existent. This communication aims to present potential methods of grade adjustment for individual questions or entire assessments. Simulated data for a 25-item assessment were used as an example to analyze the effects of different methods of grade adjustment on students' scores.

Polymorphism Is Associated with Higher Carbamazepine Clearance in Children.

The aim of our study was to investigate the role of polymorphism in the pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine (CBZ) in children. The study enrolled 47 Serbian pediatric epileptic patients on CBZ treatment. Genotyping for 1236C View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Interest in Injectable and Oral PrEP for HIV Prevention Among Women and Men Who Inject Drugs.

Background: People who inject drugs (PWID) are at increased risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Women who inject are a particularly vulnerable group. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective, but access and uptake has been limited.

Prescribing Psychostimulants for the Treatment of Stimulant Use Disorder: Navigating the Federal Legal Landscape.

Stimulant use disorder (StUD) is a rapidly growing concern in the United States, with escalating rates of death attributed to amphetamines and cocaine. No medications are currently approved for StUD treatment, leaving clinicians to navigate off-label medication options. Recent studies suggest that controlled prescription psychostimulants such as dextroamphetamine, methylphenidate, and modafinil are associated with reductions in self-reported stimulant use, craving, and depressive symptoms.

Mental Distress Posed by the Co-Experience of Elder Mistreatment and Social Isolation: A Study with Older Korean Americans.

This study examined the concurrent effects of social isolation and elder mistreatment on mental distress in older Korean Americans (= 2,122, Mean age = 73.4). Approximately 44% experienced mistreatment, with 32% exposed to a single type and 12% to multiple types (polyvictimization).

Sign of the Gap Temperature Dependence in CsPb(Br,Cl) Nanocrystals Determined by Cs-Rattler-Mediated Electron-Phonon Coupling.

So far, the striking sign reversal in the near-ambient slope of the gap temperature dependence of colloidal CsPbCl perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) compared to its Br counterpart remains unresolved. Pure bromide NCs exhibit a linear gap increase with increasing temperature, to which thermal expansion and electron-phonon interaction equally contribute. In contrast, the temperature slope for the chlorine compound gap is clearly negative.

Billion-Scale Expansion of Functional hiPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes in Bioreactors Through Oxygen Control and Continuous Wnt Activation.

Generation of upscaled quantities of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM), for therapeutic or testing applications, is both expensive and time-consuming. Herein, a scalable bioprocess for hiPSC-CM expansion in stirred-tank bioreactors (STB) is developed. By combining the continuous activation of the Wnt pathway, through perfusion of CHIR99021, within a mild hypoxia environment, the expansion of hiPSC-CM as aggregates is maximized, reaching 4 billion of pure hiPSC-CM in 2L STB.

Varied terminology by radiologists to describe Bosniak class III and IV cystic renal masses.

Background: The Bosniak classification is designed to standardize evaluation of cystic renal masses and to communicate the risk of malignancy.

Purpose: To determine whether radiologists vary in their communication of Bosniak class III and IV cystic renal masses.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study included 186 patients with CT or MRI reporting a Bosniak class III or IV mass.

Alternative driver pathways in peripheral nerve sheath tumors - including DICER1 and/or KRAS alterations.

DICER1-associated sarcoma is an emerging entity, defined by either somatic or germline dicer 1, ribonuclease III (DICER1) mutations and sharing characteristic morphologic features irrespective of the site of origin. In addition to the DICER1 driver mutation, concurrent genomic alterations, including tumor protein 53 (TP53) inactivation and RAS pathway activation, are frequently detected. Tumors that morphologically resemble malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) have rarely been reported among DICER1 sarcomas and often pose diagnostic challenges.

Utilization of Stable and Efficient High-Entropy (NiZnMgCuCo)AlO Catalyst with Polyvalent Transition Metals to Boost Peroxymonosulfate Activation toward Pollutant Degradation.

A polyacrylamide gel method has been used to synthesize a variety of polyvalent-transition-metal-doped Ni position of high entropy spinel oxides (NiZnMgCuCo)AlO-800 °C (A) on the basis of NiAlO, and the catalytic activity of A is studied under the synergistic action of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation and simulated sunlight. The A containing polyvalent transition metals (Ni, Cu, and Co) can effectively activate PMS and efficiently degrade levofloxacin (LEV) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) under simulated sunlight irradiation. After 90 min of light exposure, the degradation percentages of LEV (50 mg L) and TCH (100 mg L) degrade by the A/PMS/vis system reach 87.

Genomic sequencing in diverse and underserved pediatric populations: parent perspectives on understanding, uncertainty, psychosocial impact, and personal utility of results.

Purpose: Limited evidence evaluates parents' perceptions of their child's clinical genomic sequencing (GS) results, particularly among individuals from medically underserved groups. Five Clinical Sequencing Evidence-Generating Research (CSER) consortium studies performed GS in children with suspected genetic conditions with high proportions of individuals from underserved groups to address this evidence gap.

Methods: Parents completed surveys of perceived understanding, personal utility, and test-related distress after GS result disclosure.

Newborn screening for common genetic variants associated with permanent hearing loss: Implementation in Ontario and a review of the first 3 years.

Purpose: Universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) programs using audiometric techniques alone are limited in ability to detect non-congenital childhood permanent hearing loss (PHL). In 2019, Ontario launched universal newborn screening (NBS) for PHL risk factors: congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) and 22 common variants in GJB2 and SLC26A4. Here we describe our experience with genetic risk factor screening.

Alveolar Bone Quality in Individuals With Cleft Lip and Palate With Missing Lateral Incisors: Orthodontic Space Closure Versus Space Opening.

The purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess the alveolar bone support of teeth adjacent to the cleft site in individuals with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) who have undergone either orthodontic space closure or space opening for missing lateral incisors. A cross-sectional retrospective study. University orthodontic clinic serving individuals with CLP.

Gut Microbiota Alterations in Patients With Kawasaki Disease.

The intestinal microbiota influences many host biological processes, including metabolism, intestinal barrier functions, and immune responses in the gut and distant organs. Alterations in its composition have been associated with the development of inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular diseases, including Kawasaki disease (KD). KD is an acute pediatric vasculitis of unknown etiology and the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in the United States.

A Commensurate Prior Model With Random Effects for Survival and Competing Risk Outcomes to Accommodate Historical Controls.

Clinical trials (CTs) often suffer from small sample sizes due to limited budgets and patient enrollment challenges. Using historical data for the CT data analysis may boost statistical power and reduce the required sample size. Existing methods on borrowing information from historical data with right-censored outcomes did not consider matching between historical data and CT data to reduce the heterogeneity.

Microscopic insights into the effects of interfacial dynamics and nanoconfinement on characteristics of calcium carbonate clusters within two-dimensional nanochannels.

Herein, the interfacial effects on calcium carbonate clustering within two-dimensional (2D) graphene nanochannels were systematically investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. The distribution characteristics of the ions at the interface can be attributed to the ordered water layers within the 2D nanochannels. The orientation of CO is approximately perpendicular to the interface, which can be attributed to hydrogen bonding and its association with Ca at the interface region.

Re-defining the interpretation of 24-h urine studies for stone formers.

Objectives: To identify associations between 24-h urine abnormalities and clinical risk factors for recurrent stone formers.

Patients And Methods: The Registry for Stones of the Kidney and Ureter was queried for all patients who underwent 24-h urine studies. Patients were categorised by the number of clinical risk factors for recurrent stone disease.