Comparison between electrochemiluminescence of luminol and electrocatalysis by Prussian blue for the detection of hydrogen peroxide.

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of luminol and electrocatalysis by Prussian blue were compared for the selective detection of HO at the boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. The HO detection was optimized by various parameters such as the applied potential at pH 7.4, which is a physiological value usually used for HO detection in enzymatic reactions.

Expectancy value theory's contribution to unpacking the black box of motivation.

Although in basic agreement with Murayama and Jach's call for greater attention to the black boxes underlying motivated behavior, we provide examples of our published suggestions regarding how subjective task value (and ability self-concepts) "gets into people's knowledge structures." We suggest additional mental computational processes to investigate and call for a developmental and situated individual differences approach to this work.

A feasibility study of : an elder mistreatment intervention for family caregivers of persons living with dementia.

Elder mistreatment occurs in as many as one-half of the 11 million family care partnerships with persons living with Alzheimer's disease or related dementias (AD/ADRD) in the United States. is an 8-week psychoeducational intervention to prevent psychological mistreatment among family caregivers to persons living with dementia by building healthy caregiving relationships. The investigators conducted a single-arm pre- and posttest study to assess 's feasibility.

PMA1-containing extracellular vesicles of triggers immune responses and colitis progression.

() exhibits aberrant changes in patients with colitis, and it has been reported to dominate the colonic mucosal immune response. Here, we found that PMA1 expression was significantly increased in from patients with IBD compared to that in healthy controls. A Crispr-Cas9-based fungal strain editing system was then used to knock out PMA1 expression in .

International Medical Graduates in Academic Cardiothoracic Surgery.

Objective: To assess the research productivity, career advancement, grant funding, and scholarly impact of international medical graduates (IMGs) in academic cardiothoracic surgery.

Summary Background Data: Physician shortages undermine patient care and risk exacerbating inequities, especially in cardiothoracic surgery, which may lose a quarter of its workforce by 2050-the most substantial reduction in surgery. IMGs could help alleviate these shortages, but there is limited data about their academic experiences.

Defer, Share, or Drive the Decision: Empowering Patients with Varied Preferences to Engage in Decision-making (an Analysis from Alliance A231701CD).

Objective: To understand how breast cancer patients experience the surgical decision process and identify strategies surgeons can employ to empower patients to engage in decision-making.

Background: Patient engagement in decision-making is associated with improved patient outcomes. Although, some patients prefer that their healthcare provider drive the decision, the benefits of engaging in decision-making hold true even for patients who prefer to defer to their provider.

Remote Ischemic Conditioning Attenuates Transneuronal Degeneration and Promotes Stroke Recovery via CD36-Mediated Efferocytosis.

Background: Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has been implicated in cross-organ protection in cerebrovascular disease, including stroke. However, the lack of a consensus protocol and controversy over the clinical therapeutic outcomes of RIC suggest an inadequate mechanistic understanding of RIC. The current study identifies RIC-induced molecular and cellular events in the blood, which enhance long-term functional recovery in experimental cerebral ischemia.

Deconvoluting thermomechanical effects in X-ray diffraction data using machine learning.

X-ray diffraction is ideal for probing the sub-surface state during complex or rapid thermomechanical loading of crystalline materials. However, challenges arise as the size of diffraction volumes increases due to spatial broadening and because of the inability to deconvolute the effects of different lattice deformation mechanisms. Here, we present a novel approach that uses combinations of physics-based modeling and machine learning to deconvolve thermal and mechanical elastic strains for diffraction data analysis.

Theoretical Investigations on the n-Type and p-Type Conductivity Mechanisms in BiTaO Photocatalysts through Intrinsic Point Defects and Group IIA and Group VIB Element Doping.

The n-type and p-type conductivity mechanisms from intrinsic defects and Group IIA and Group VIB element doping in the photocatalyst BiTaO are systematically investigated by employing hybrid density functional calculations. The results reveal that vacancies , , , and antisite Ta are the predominant defects, depending on growth conditions. Bi-rich, appropriate Ta-rich, and O-poor conditions can promote BiTaO to form n-type conductivity due to the presence of the Ta donor defect and its easier ionization.

Extreme Heat Exposure and Adolescent Cognitive Function.

Background: Extreme heat exposure is an increasing public health concern, particularly in the context of climate change. Limited research has explored its impact on children's cognitive outcomes. This study investigates the association between extreme heat exposure and cognitive function in 9-10-year-old children, using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study.

Calcium levels modulate embryo yield in microspore embryogenesis.

Calcium (Ca) is a universal signaling cation with a prominent role as second messenger in many different plant processes, including sexual reproduction. However, there is much less knowledge about the involvement of Ca during embryogenesis processes. In this work we performed a study of Ca levels during the different stages of microspore embryogenesis in , with special attention to how Ca can influence the occurrence of different embryogenic structures with different embryogenic potential.

Pooled safety analysis of two phase 3 studies investigating trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

Background: Trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) is approved as monotherapy and in combination with bevacizumab for the treatment of patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). FTD/TPI plus bevacizumab showed good tolerability in the phase 3 SOLSTICE (first-line) and SUNLIGHT (later-line) trials. This pooled analysis was performed to further characterize the safety of FTD/TPI plus bevacizumab and to compare safety in untreated and previously treated patients with mCRC.

Heat Exposure Predicts Earlier Childhood Pubertal Initiation, Behavioral Problems, and Tobacco Use.

Background: Climate change has raised significant concerns about its impact on health, particularly for vulnerable populations such as children and adolescents. While extensive research has examined physical health effects, limited attention has been given to the influence of extreme heat on developmental and behavioral outcomes.

Objectives: This study investigates the association between extreme heat exposure and early puberty initiation (ages 9-10), using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study.

Challenges in designing interventions for food insecure families with food allergy in a Californian latinx cohort.

Food allergy poses substantial social, economic, and quality of life burdens which are even heavier for families that are struggling with food insecurity. In the United States (US), food insecurity disproportionately affects vulnerable and historically marginalized communities, such as Latino/a/x and Black households. Targeting these disparities via our recent Food Equality Initiative (FEI) research intervention was challenging due to the barriers faced by the target underserved populations, which included poor digital literacy, language barriers, and limited access to necessary resources.

Puberty Onset and Positive Urgency Explain Diminished Returns of Family Income on Tobacco and Marijuana Use.

Background: Puberty is a crucial developmental milestone that involves significant physiological, emotional, and behavioral changes. Early puberty onset, influenced by both biological and social factors, is associated with an increased risk of engaging in substance use, such as tobacco and marijuana. While high family income is generally linked to delayed puberty onset and lower behavioral risks, these benefits may not be equally protective for Black youth due to the phenomenon of Minorities' Diminished Returns (MDRs).

Single-port robot-assisted pyeloplasty through supine anterior retroperitoneal access.

This video explores the technique of robot-assisted pyeloplasty using the Da-Vinci Single-Port robot through the supine anterior retroperitoneal access in a 28-year-old male with a right-sided ureteropelvic junction obstruction. The patient was placed in a supine position, with a 10°-20° elevation of the ipsilateral flank. Retroperitoneal access was obtained at the McBurney's point for the placement of the port.

Diagnosis and Management of Progressive Corticobasal Syndrome.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to discuss the clinical, radiological, and neuropathological heterogeneity of corticobasal syndrome (CBS), which can complicate the determination of underlying etiology and lead to inaccurate treatment decisions. Though the most common diagnosis is corticobasal degeneration (CBD), the spectrum of underlying pathologies expands beyond CBD and can overlap with other neurodegenerative diseases and even the neuroimmunology field. We will review possible clinical presentations and cues that can point towards the etiology.

Longitudinal Patterns of Sexual Recidivism by Age Over a 25-Year Follow-Up in California.

This study followed 146 sexual offenders released from prison custody for a period of 25-years. Overall, 34% of individuals committed at least one sexual reoffense in the 25 years following release from incarceration. Most sexual recidivism occured within the first 15-years following release.

Green Synthesis of Cellulose Acetate Mixed Matrix Membranes: Structure-Function Characterization.

Although membrane technology is widely used in different gas separation applications, membrane manufacturers need to reduce the environmental impact during the membrane fabrication process within the framework of the circular economy by replacing toxic solvents, oil-based polymers, and such by more sustainable alternatives. These include environmentally friendly materials, such as biopolymers, green solvents, and surfactant free porous fillers. This work promotes the use of environmentally sustainable and low toxic alternatives, introducing the novel application of cellulose acetate (CA) as a biopolymer in combination with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as a greener solvent and different inorganic fillers (Zeolite-A, ETS-10, AM-4 and ZIF-8) prepared without the use of toxic solvents or reactants.

Comment on "Discovery of a polyketide carboxylate phytotoxin from a polyketide glycoside hybrid by β-glucosidase mediated ester bond hydrolysis" by X. Wang, D.-K. Kong, H.-R. Zhang, Y. Zou, , 2024, , 17183.

We challenge the conclusion that the β-glucosidase in question directly catalyses hydrolysis of the substrate ester linkage. Rather we propose that this enzyme performs a normal glucoside hydrolysis and that the released aglycone undergoes rearrangement with formation of a quinone methide-like species through spontaneous cleavage of the ester.

The Effect of Daily Avocado Intake on Food and Nutrient Displacement in a Free-Living Population with Abdominal Obesity.

Background: Avocado intake has been associated with improvements in diet quality. Whether this response is because of avocado intake, , or combined with a food and/or nutrient displacement (D) has yet to be determined.

Objectives: This secondary analysis, conducted using dietary data from the Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial, sought to assess the effect of consuming a large avocado (168 g, 281 kcal) daily in the avocado-supplemented diet (AD) group compared with the habitual diet (HD) group on food and nutrient D.

Incidence of and Factors Associated with Spontaneous Correction of Postoperative Shoulder Imbalance in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: As far as we know, no study has investigated spontaneous postoperative shoulder imbalance (PSI) correction in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. The objective is to assess the incidence of and associated factors for spontaneous PSI correction in AIS patients.

Methods: The study evaluated 144 postoperative AIS patients with PSI aged 10-20 years between 2010 and 2018.

Demography of the Gambian Epauletted Fruit Bat () in Ghana.

We provide the first estimates of survival and reproductive rates for a population of the Gambian Epauletted Fruit Bat in Ghana. We focused on a large colony of ca. 5,000 bats over 3 years to estimate population parameters including population size, birth rates, survival, and sex ratios for this species.

Hip fracture surgery in resource-limited environments: a systematic literature review.

Purpose: With life expectancies increasing worldwide, there is a concomitant rise in the incidence of fragility fractures. As such, low-income and lower-middle-income countries (LICs and LMICs) will be faced with increased incidences of hip fractures. The care of these fractures is adversely affected by various factors that include under-resourced healthcare systems and large socioeconomic disparities, which disproportionately affect patient care in these regions relative to high-income countries.