20 results match your criteria: "C.J.L.M.); and Harvard School of Public Health[Affiliation]"
The Vaccine-Hesitant Moment.
N Engl J Med
July 2022
From the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle (H.J.L., E.G., C.J.L.M.); and the Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London (H.J.L.).
Life Expectancy for White, Black, and Hispanic Race/Ethnicity in U.S. States: Trends and Disparities, 1990 to 2019.
Ann Intern Med
August 2022
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Department of Health Metrics Sciences, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.A.R.).
Background: Life expectancy (LE) differences within and between states by race/ethnicity have not been examined.
Objective: To estimate LE for selected race/ethnicity groups in states from 1990 to 2019.
Design: Cross-sectional time-series analysis.
A Population-based Comparative Effectiveness Study of Peripheral Nerve Blocks for Hip Fracture Surgery.
Anesthesiology
November 2019
From The Ottawa Hospital (G.M.H., M.M.L., R.R., G.L.B., F.W.A., C.J.L.M., D.I.M.) the Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (G.M.H., M.M.L., R.R., G.L.B., F.W.A., C.J.L.M., D.I.M.) the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (M.M.L.) the School of Epidemiology and Public Health (D.I.M.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.M.L., R.R., G.L.B., F.W.A., C.J.L.M., D.I.M.) the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (D.I.M.).
Background: Adverse outcomes and resource use rates are high after hip fracture surgery. Peripheral nerve blocks could improve outcomes through enhanced analgesia and decreased opioid related adverse events. We hypothesized that these benefits would translate into decreased resource use (length of stay [primary outcome] and costs), and better clinical outcomes (pneumonia and mortality).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPectoralis-II Myofascial Block and Analgesia in Breast Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Anesthesiology
September 2019
From the Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio (N.H., N.K., M.E.) Department of Anesthesiology, Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.B.) Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.J.L.M., P.W., T. Sullivan, F.W.A.) The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (N.K.) Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan (T. Sawyer) Department of Anesthesia, and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (F.W.A.).
Background: Thoracic paravertebral block is the preferred regional anesthetic technique for breast cancer surgery, but concerns over its invasiveness and risks have prompted search for alternatives. Pectoralis-II block is a promising analgesic technique and potential alternative to paravertebral block, but evidence of its absolute and relative effectiveness versus systemic analgesia (Control) and paravertebral block, respectively, is conflicting. This meta-analysis evaluates the analgesic effectiveness of Pectoralis-II versus Control and paravertebral block for breast cancer surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeripheral Nerve Blocks for Ambulatory Shoulder Surgery: A Population-based Cohort Study of Outcomes and Resource Utilization.
Anesthesiology
December 2019
From the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (G.M.H., R.R., A.L., C.J.L.M., F.A., J.M., D.I.M.) School of Epidemiology and Public Health (D.I.M.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada (R.R., A.L., C.J.L.M., F.A., D.I.M.) the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES), Toronto, Canada (D.I.M.).
Background: Nerve blocks improve early pain after ambulatory shoulder surgery; impact on postdischarge outcomes is poorly described. Our objective was to measure the association between nerve blocks and health system outcomes after ambulatory shoulder surgery.
Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study using linked administrative data from 118 hospitals in Ontario, Canada.
Femoral Vein Thrombus Diagnosed during Ultrasound-guided Femoral Nerve Catheter Placement.
Anesthesiology
August 2019
From the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, and the University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (T.R.S., P.R., C.J.L.M.) the University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (T.R.S.).
Effect of the bivalent HPV vaccine on viral load of vaccine and non-vaccine HPV types in incident clearing and persistent infections in young Dutch females.
PLoS One
December 2019
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
Background: HPV vaccination with the bivalent vaccine is efficacious against HPV16 and 18 infections and cross-protection against non-vaccine HPV types has been demonstrated. Here, we assessed (cross-) protective effects of the bivalent HPV16/18 vaccine on incident and persistent infections and viral load (VL) of fifteen HPV types in an observational cohort study monitoring HPV vaccine effects.
Methods: Vaginal samples were obtained annually.
Hospital-, Anesthesiologist-, and Patient-level Variation in Primary Anesthesia Type for Hip Fracture Surgery: A Population-based Cross-sectional Analysis.
Anesthesiology
December 2018
From the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (D.I.M., G.L.B., C.J.L.M.) the Division of Geriatric Medicine (A.H.) the Department of Medicine (C.v.W.) the School of Epidemiology and Public Health (D.I.M., G.L.B., C.J.L.M., C.v.W.), University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital (D.I.M., G.L.B., C.J.L.M., C.v.W.) the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (D.I.M., D.N.W., C.v.W.) the Departments of Anesthesiology, Toronto General Hospital and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.N.W.) the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.N.W.).
What We Already Know About This Topic: WHAT THIS MANUSCRIPT TELLS US THAT IS NEW: BACKGROUND:: Substantial variation in primary anesthesia type for hip fracture surgery exists. Previous work has demonstrated that patients cared for at hospitals using less than 20 to 25% neuraxial anesthesia have decreased survival. Therefore, the authors aimed to identify sources of variation in anesthesia type, considering patient-, anesthesiologist-, and hospital-level variables.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVariation in Childhood Diarrheal Morbidity and Mortality in Africa, 2000-2015.
N Engl J Med
September 2018
From the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (R.C.R., N.G., D.C.C., C.T., G.M.G., J.F.M., A.D., S.J.S., S.E.R., B.F.B., P.C.R., A.O.-Z., R.B., D.M.P., I.M.D., I.D.L., L.E., J.M.R., I.A.K., T.H.F., D.L.S., N.J.K., A.H.M., C.J.L.M., S.I.H.) and the Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine (J.M.R.), University of Washington, and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (J.F.M.) and Pediatric Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (N.J.K.), Seattle Children's Hospital - all in Seattle; the Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (O.J.B.), and the Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London (S.B.), London, and the Department of Zoology (M.U.G.K.) and the Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery (S.B., D.J.W., P.W.G.), University of Oxford, Oxford - all in the United Kingdom; and the Computational Epidemiology Lab, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School - both in Boston (M.U.G.K.).
Article Synopsis
- Diarrheal diseases significantly impact children under 5 in Africa, with 30 million severe cases and 330,000 deaths recorded in 2015, highlighting the urgent need for targeted interventions.
- A comprehensive study used advanced statistical techniques to estimate the prevalence and mortality of diarrhea across African regions from 2000 to 2015, revealing detailed geographic disparities.
- Over half of childhood deaths from diarrhea in 2015 occurred in just 55 out of 782 administrative regions, with Nigeria showing mortality rates differing by up to six times, indicating areas in need of focused health resources and strategies.
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Rheumatic Heart Disease, 1990-2015.
N Engl J Med
August 2017
From the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine (D.A.W.), the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Department of Global Health (C.O.J., M.H.F., M.N., A.H.M., C.J.L.M., T.V., G.A.R.), and the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (G.A.R.), University of Washington, Seattle; the Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (D.A.W., B.M.M.); the Murdoch Children's Research Institute and the Centre for International Child Heath, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC (S.M.C., A.C.S.), and Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia and Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, WA (J.R.C.) - both in Australia; the Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (G.K.); Children's National Health System, Washington, DC (A.B., C.A.S.); Program in Global NCDs and Social Change, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital - both in Boston (G.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (C.T.L.); the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (G.A.M.); and the School of Medicine and Telehealth Center, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (B.R.N., A.L.P.R.).
Background: Rheumatic heart disease remains an important preventable cause of cardiovascular death and disability, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries. We estimated global, regional, and national trends in the prevalence of and mortality due to rheumatic heart disease as part of the 2015 Global Burden of Disease study.
Methods: We systematically reviewed data on fatal and nonfatal rheumatic heart disease for the period from 1990 through 2015.
Searching for the Optimal Pain Management Technique after Knee Arthroplasty: Analgesia Is Just the Tip of the Iceberg.
Anesthesiology
May 2017
From the Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, and Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, Ohio (B.M.I.); and the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C.J.L.M.).
Peripheral Nerve Blockade for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Population-based Cohort Study of Outcomes and Resource Utilization.
Anesthesiology
February 2017
From the Departments of Anesthesiology (D.I.M., C.J.L.M.) and Medicine and Epidemiology and Community Medicine (C.v.W.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (D.I.M., C.v.W.); Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (D.I.M., C.v.W.); and the Department of Anesthesiology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (D.I.M.).
Background: Although peripheral nerve blocks decrease pain after total knee arthroplasty, the population-level impact of nerve blocks on arthroplasty resource utilization is unknown.
Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study using linked administrative data from Ontario, Canada. We identified all adults having their first primary knee arthroplasty between 2002 and 2013.
Mapping Plasmodium falciparum Mortality in Africa between 1990 and 2015.
N Engl J Med
December 2016
From the Oxford Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford (P.W.G., D.J.W., D.B., E.C., K.E.B., U.D., J.R.), and the Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London (S.B.) - both in the United Kingdom; and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle (D.C.C., P.C.R., M.J.K., R.M.B., C.H., K.A.S., M.M.C., G.N., M.S.F., R.K., H.W., M.N., D.L.S., C.J.L.M., S.I.H., S.S.L.).
Background: Malaria control has not been routinely informed by the assessment of subnational variation in malaria deaths. We combined data from the Malaria Atlas Project and the Global Burden of Disease Study to estimate malaria mortality across sub-Saharan Africa on a grid of 5 km from 1990 through 2015.
Methods: We estimated malaria mortality using a spatiotemporal modeling framework of geolocated data (i.
Global and regional patterns in cardiovascular mortality from 1990 to 2013.
Circulation
October 2015
From University of Washington, Seattle (G.A.R., M.N., C.J.L.M.); Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (M.D.H.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Columbia University, New York (A.E.M.); National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand (V.F) and Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (G.A.M.).
There is a global commitment to reduce premature cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) 25% by 2025. CVD mortality rates have declined dramatically over the past 2 decades, yet the number of life years lost to premature CVD deaths is increasing in low- and middle-income regions. Ischemic heart disease and stroke remain the leading causes of premature death in the world; however, there is wide regional variation in these patterns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEstimates of global and regional premature cardiovascular mortality in 2025.
Circulation
September 2015
From Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (G.A.R.), and Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (G.N., M.H.F., A.H.M., M.N., C.J.L.M.), University of Washington, Seattle.
Background: United Nations member states have agreed to reduce premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality 25% by 2025. Global CVD risk factor targets have been recommended. We produced estimates to show how selected risk factor reduction would affect CVD mortality for different regions and countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDemographic and epidemiologic drivers of global cardiovascular mortality.
N Engl J Med
April 2015
From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (G.A.R.), and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (G.A.R., M.H.F., R.B., G.N., M.N., C.J.L.M.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Columbia University, New York (A.E.M.); National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand (V.L.F.); and the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (G.A.M.).
Background: Global deaths from cardiovascular disease are increasing as a result of population growth, the aging of populations, and epidemiologic changes in disease. Disentangling the effects of these three drivers on trends in mortality is important for planning the future of the health care system and benchmarking progress toward the reduction of cardiovascular disease.
Methods: We used mortality data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013, which includes data on 188 countries grouped into 21 world regions.
Temporal trends in ischemic heart disease mortality in 21 world regions, 1980 to 2010: the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study.
Circulation
April 2014
Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (A.E.M.); Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (M.H.F., G.A.R., C.J.L.M., M.N.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (G.A.R.); Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (G.A.M.); and MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK (M.E.).
Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Risk Factors and Injuries 2010 Study estimated global and regional IHD mortality from 1980 to 2010.
Methods And Results: Sources for IHD mortality estimates were country-level surveillance, verbal autopsy, and vital registration data.
The global burden of ischemic heart disease in 1990 and 2010: the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study.
Circulation
April 2014
Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (A.E.M.); Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (M.H.F., G.R., A.F., C.J.L.M., M.N.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (G.R.); Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (G.A.M.); and MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK (M.E.).
Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) burden consists of years of life lost from IHD deaths and years of disability lived with 3 nonfatal IHD sequelae: nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, and ischemic heart failure. Our aim was to estimate the global and regional burden of IHD in 1990 and 2010.
Methods And Results: Global and regional estimates of acute myocardial infarction incidence and angina and heart failure prevalence by age, sex, and world region in 1990 and 2010 were estimated based on data from a systematic review and nonlinear mixed-effects meta-regression methods.
Worldwide epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: a Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study.
Circulation
February 2014
Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA (S.S.C., R.H., K.N., D.S.); Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (R.H.); University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (M.R.); Framingham Heart Study and Boston University School of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA (E.J.B.); Department of Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC (R.F.G.); Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Y.-H.K.); Legacy Good Samaritan Medical Center, Portland, OR (J.H.M.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (Z.-J.Z., G.A.M.); Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle (M.H.F., M.N., C.J.L.M.); and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (M.E.).
Background: The global burden of atrial fibrillation (AF) is unknown.
Methods And Results: We systematically reviewed population-based studies of AF published from 1980 to 2010 from the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions to estimate global/regional prevalence, incidence, and morbidity and mortality related to AF (DisModMR software). Of 377 potential studies identified, 184 met prespecified eligibility criteria.
Acid-stable low molecular mass proteinase inhibitors in human lung lavage.
Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler
March 1986
An acid-stable, low molecular mass proteinase inhibitor, bronchial mucus proteinase inhibitor (BMPI), has been isolated from sputum and partially characterised. A single band with a modal molecular mass of 18 700 was observed following SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. BMPI inhibited human leukocyte elastase, cathepsin G, trypsin and chymotrypsin, but not porcine pancreatic elastase.
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