Effects of chemical aging on carbonaceous materials: Stability of water-dispersible colloids and their influence on the aggregation of natural-soil colloid.

Although hydrochar and biochar have been used as soil conditioners, there is not a clear understanding of how their properties changes due to aging impacts their colloidal particles behavior on the soil system. From this premise, we produced hydrochar and biochar from the same feedstock (cashew bagasse) and aged with different chemical methods: (i) using hydrogen peroxide, (ii) a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids, and (iii) hot water. It was analyzed the effects of aging on the stability of the carbonaceous materials (CMs) colloids in aqueous medium with different ionic strength (single systems), as well as the stability of the natural-soil colloid when interacting with biochar and hydrochar colloids (binary systems).

The electrochemically enabled α-C(sp)-H azolation of ketones.

C-H/N-H cross-coupling has become a key technology for the selective conjugation of azole drug molecules. However, the development of new synthetic models and green chemical methods is imperative to enhance the construction of multi-functional compounds and compounds with unique functional groups. We herein reported an electrochemical synthesis of α-tetrazolyl ketones with excellent yields and broad substrate scope, encompassing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups of aryl ketones, heterocycles, and alkyl and various ketone drugs.

Response to anti-IL17 therapy in inflammatory disease is not strongly impacted by genetic background.

Response to the anti-IL17 monoclonal antibody secukinumab is heterogeneous, and not all participants respond to treatment. Understanding whether this heterogeneity is driven by genetic variation is a key aim of pharmacogenetics and could influence precision medicine approaches in inflammatory diseases. Using changes in disease activity scores across 5,218 genotyped individuals from 19 clinical trials across four indications (psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, and rheumatoid arthritis), we tested whether genetics predicted response to secukinumab.

Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed C-H/N-H Activation for Direct Synthesis of Pyrimidoindolones under Mild Conditions.

Pyrimidoindolones are an important structural motif found in many natural products and are essential to the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industry. Direct synthesis of 3,4-unsubstituted pyrimidoindolones is not easily accessible. Here we report a rhodium(III)-catalyzed C-H/N-H activation and annulation approach for obtaining pyrimidoindolones from N-carbamoylindoles and vinylene carbonate.

-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Optimization, Characterization, and Anticancer and Antibacterial Potentials.

Algal-mediated synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) opens the horizon for green and sustainable synthesis of NPs that can be used in many fields, such as medicine and industry. We extracellularly synthesized silver NPs (Ag-NPs) using the novel microalgae under optimized conditions. The isolate was collected from freshwater/soil, purified, morphologically identified, and genetically identified using light, inverted light, scanning electron microscopy, and 18S rRNA sequencing.

Synthesis, DFT and molecular docking of novel (Z)-4-bromo-N-(4-butyl-3 (quinolin-3-yl)thiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)benzamide as elastase inhibitor.

A new compound, CHBrNOS, containing a quinoline-based iminothiazoline with a thiazoline ring, was synthesized and its crystal and molecular structures were analyzed through single crystal X-ray analysis. The compound belongs to the triclinic system P - 1 space group, with dimensions of a = 9.2304 (6) Å, b = 11.

Artificial neural network approach for prediction of AuNPs biosynthesis by Streptomyces flavolimosus, characterization, antitumor potency in-vitro and in-vivo against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma.

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerged as promising and versatile nanoparticles for cancer therapy and are widely used in drug and gene delivery, biomedical imaging, diagnosis, and biosensors. The current study describes a biological-based strategy for AuNPs biosynthesis using the cell-free supernatant of Streptomyces flavolimosus. The biosynthesized AuNPs have an absorption peak at 530-535 nm.

Tranexamic Acid for Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Patients on Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants (TICH-NOAC): A Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Trial.

Background: Evidence-based hemostatic treatment for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) associated with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) is lacking. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic drug potentially limiting hematoma expansion. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of TXA in NOAC-ICH.

Response to Paik et al. on the disease burden of NAFLD.

Chew and Ng et al. recently reported on the global burden of metabolic disease by utilizing estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Herein, they respond to critical points highlighted by Paik et al.

Indolo[2,3-]benzazocines and indolo[2,3-]benzazonines and their copper(II) complexes as microtubule destabilizing agents.

A series of four indolo[2,3-]benzazocines HL1-HL4 and two indolo[2,3-]benzazonines HL5 and HL6, as well as their respective copper(II) complexes 1-6, were synthesized and characterized by H and C NMR spectroscopy, ESI mass spectrometry, single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) and combustion analysis (C, H, N). SC-XRD studies of precursors Vd, VIa·0.5MeOH, of ligands HL4 and HL6·DCM, and complexes 2·2DMF, 5·2DMF, 5'·iPrOH·MeOH provided insights into the energetically favored conformations of eight- and nine-membered heterocycles in the four-ring systems.

Cobalt-catalyzed enantioselective C-H/N-H annulation of aryl sulfonamides with allenes or alkynes: facile access to C-N axially chiral sultams.

Herein we report a cobalt-catalyzed enantioselective C-H/N-H annulation of aryl sulfonamides with allenes and alkynes, using either chemical or electrochemical oxidation. By using O as the oxidant, the annulation with allenes proceeds efficiently with a low catalyst/ligand loading of 5 mol% and tolerates a wide range of allenes, including 2,3-butadienoate, allenylphosphonate, and phenylallene, resulting in C-N axially chiral sultams with high enantio-, regio-, and position selectivities. The annulation with alkynes also exhibits excellent enantiocontrol (up to >99% ee) with a variety of functional aryl sulfonamides, and internal and terminal alkynes.

An air-stable [Cu(NHC)(OR)] (R = C(H)(CF)) complex for C-H, N-H and S-H bond activation.

The synthesis, isolation and full characterisation of a [Cu(IPr)(OC(H)(CF))] (IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) complex are reported. This new Cu(I) complex is a versatile synthon and can activate numerous X-H bonds including C-H, N-H and S-H bonds. [Cu(IPr)(OC(H)(CF))] was investigated as a pre-catalyst in several catalytic reactions.

Detection of Early Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis and Inflammation in Chagas Cardiomyopathy with T1 Mapping and Extracellular Volume.

Purpose: To evaluate myocardial T1 mapping and extracellular volume (ECV) parameters in different stages of Chagas cardiomyopathy and determine whether they are predictive of disease severity and prognosis.

Materials And Methods: Prospectively enrolled participants (July 2013 to September 2016) underwent cine and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac MRI and T1 mapping with a precontrast (native) or postcontrast modified Look-Locker sequence. The native T1 and ECV values were measured among subgroups that were based on disease severity (indeterminate, Chagas cardiomyopathy with preserved ejection fraction [CCpEF], Chagas cardiomyopathy with midrange ejection fraction [CCmrEF], and Chagas cardiomyopathy with reduced ejection fraction [CCrEF]).

Leucopterin, the white pigment in butterfly wings: structural analysis by PDF fit, FIDEL fit, Rietveld refinement, solid-state NMR and DFT-D.

Leucopterin (CHNO) is the white pigment in the wings of Pieris brassicae butterflies, and other butterflies; it can also be found in wasps and other insects. Its crystal structure and its tautomeric form in the solid state were hitherto unknown. Leucopterin turned out to be a variable hydrate, with 0.

Rh-promoted directed C-H N-heteroarylation of 2-pyridones.

A catalytic protocol for the Cp*Rh-promoted C6-selective N-heteroarylation of 2-pyridones with N-heterocyclic boronates has been successfully developed utilizing a removable pyridine auxiliary. This system features high efficiency with mild conditions and also tolerates - and -substituted pyridines, pyrazoles, pyrimidine, non-substituted quinolines, thiophene and furan well. The easy synthetic approach could potentially be applied to construct heterocyclic drug molecules bearing 2-pyridone-heteroaryl motifs.

Synthesis of Pyrazolidinone-Fused Benzotriazines through C-H/N-H Bond Functionalization of 1-Phenylpyrazolidinones with Oxadiazolones.

Presented herein is an efficient synthesis of pyrazolidinone-fused benzotriazines through the cascade reaction of 1-phenylpyrazolidinones with oxadiazolones. The formation of the title products is initiated by Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H/N-H bond metallation of 1-phenylpyrazolidinone and subsequent coordination with oxadiazolone followed by migratory insertion along with CO liberation, proto-demetallation, and intramolecular condensation. To our knowledge, this is the first synthesis of pyrazolidinone-fused benzotriazines based on the C-H bond activation strategy by using oxadiazolone as an easy-to-handle amidine surrogate.

Synthesis, antioxidant effectiveness, and docking study of new benzothiazolyl-chromenone-based fluorophores.

As chromenones demonstrate significant push-pull fluorescence effects on the development and description of novel push-pull fluorescent compounds based on chromenone with exceptional molar extinction coefficients, benzothiazolyl-chromenone-based fluorophores were created by refluxing ethanol/piperidine over Knoevenagel's condensation. Many spectral methods, including H-NMR, FT-IR analysis, and (C, H, N) analysis, were used to demonstrate the molecular structures of the synthesized benzothiazolyl-chromenone-based fluorophores. The synthesized fluorophore UV-vis absorption and emission spectra showed significant extinction coefficients, which were observed to be influenced by the substituted benzothiazole bridge in conjugation with the alkoxy donor moiety.

A New Generation of IMiDs as Treatments for Neuroinflammatory and Neurodegenerative Disorders.

The immunomodulatory imide drug (IMiD) class, which includes the founding drug member thalidomide and later generation drugs, lenalidomide and pomalidomide, has dramatically improved the clinical treatment of specific cancers, such as multiple myeloma, and it combines potent anticancer and anti-inflammatory actions. These actions, in large part, are mediated by IMiD binding to the human protein cereblon that forms a critical component of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. This complex ubiquitinates and thereby regulates the levels of multiple endogenous proteins.

New copper(I) complexes of bulky 5-substituted-2-iminopyrrolyl ligands as catalysts for azide-alkyne cycloaddition.

Five dinuclear copper(I) complexes of the type [Cu{κ,κ'-5-R-NCH-2-C(H)N(2,6-iPrCH)}] (1a-e; R = 2,4,6-iPrCH (a), R = 2,6-MeCH (b), R = 3,5-(CF)CH (c), R = 2,6-(OMe)CH (d), R = CPh (e)) were prepared by the reaction of the respective 5-R-2-iminopyrrolyl potassium salts KLa-e and [Cu(NCMe)]BF in moderate yields. These new copper(I) complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and, in selected cases, by single crystal X-ray diffraction and their structural and electronic features further analyzed by DFT calculations and cyclic voltammetry, respectively. X-ray diffraction studies reveal dimeric Cu structures assembled by 2-iminopyrrolyl bridging ligands adopting a transoid conformation (complexes 1a and 1d), while complexes 1c and 1e displayed a cisoid conformation of those moieties, with respect to the Cu(I) centers.

Rhodium-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2-Methylindoles via C-N Bond Cleavage of -Allylbenzimidazole.

A rhodium-catalyzed oxidative C-H/N-H dehydrogenative [3 + 2] annulation strategy has been reported between anilines and -allylbenzimidazole for the synthesis of 2-methylindole scaffolds. An -allylbenzimidazole has been used as a 2C synthon for the synthesis of indole, and more importantly, this transformation involves the cleavage of the thermodynamically stable C-N bond of allylamine. Detailed mechanistic studies have been performed and a key intermediate was detected in HRMS.