Leveraging N- substituents to tune the donor/acceptor properties of mesoionic imines (MIIs).

In this work, we show two synthetic routes to substitute the N position of mesoionic imines (MIIs). By Buchwald-Hartwig amination, 5-amino-1,2,3-triazoles can be arylated at the said position, showing the versatility of amino-triazoles as building blocks for MIIs. The reaction of MIIs with electrophiles (MeI, fluoro-arenes) highlights the nucleophilic nature of MIIs as even at room temperature aromatic C-F bonds can be activated with MIIs.

Electrochemical Fluorination of Organic Compounds Using a Hexafluorosilicate Salt as an Inexpensive and Widely Available Fluorine Source.

The introduction of fluorine into organic molecules is of the utmost importance in the preparation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). While a wide range of fluorine sources for organic synthesis have been used over the past decades, the associated safety risks, cost, or environmental impact are still serious limitations. Hexafluorosilicate salts are one of the most inexpensive and readily available sources of nucleophilic fluorine, but they have so far not been used in organic synthesis.

Neoadjuvant atezolizumab in combination with dual HER2 blockade plus epirubicin in women with early HER2-positive breast cancer: the randomized phase 2 ABCSG-52/ATHENE trial.

The role of anthracyclines in the treatment of early breast cancer (EBC) is increasingly being challenged, especially in de-escalation strategies. However, owing to their immunogenic effects, anthracyclines are promising combination partners with immunotherapies. In the randomized phase 2 trial ABCSG-52 (EudraCT no.

Bilateral hip exoskeleton assistance enables faster walking in individuals with chronic stroke-related gait impairments.

Millions of individuals surviving a stroke have lifelong gait impairments that reduce their personal independence and quality of life. Reduced walking speed is one of the major problems limiting community mobility and reintegration. Previous studies have shown positive effect of robot-assisted gait training utilizing hip exoskeletons for individuals with gait impairments due to a stroke, leading to increased walking speed in post-treatment compared to pre-treatment assessments.

High-Resolution OCT Reveals Age-Associated Variation in the Region Posterior to the External Limiting Membrane.

Purpose: To evaluate visibility of a sub-band posterior to the external limiting membrane (ELM) and assess its age-associated variation.

Methods: In a retrospective cross-sectional study, normal eyes were imaged using a high-resolution spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) prototype (2.7-µm axial resolution).

A Serial MRI-based Deep Learning Model to Predict Survival in Patients with Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Purpose To develop and evaluate a deep learning-based prognostic model for predicting survival in locoregionally- advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) using serial MRI before and after induction chemotherapy (IC). Materials and Methods This multicenter retrospective study included 1039 LA-NPC patients (779 male, 260 female, mean age 44 [standard deviation: 11]) diagnosed between April 2009 and December 2015. A radiomics- clinical prognostic model (Model RC) was developed using pre-and post-IC MRI and other clinical factors using graph convolutional neural networks (GCN).

Silicate-Confined Hydrogen on Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron for Efficient Defluorination Reactions.

Defluorination reactions are increasingly vital due to the extensive use of organofluorine compounds with robust carbon-fluorine (C-F) bonds; particularly, the efficient defluorination of widespread and persistent per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances under mild conditions is crucial due to their accumulation in the environment and human body. Herein, we demonstrate that surface-modified silicate of pronounced proton affinity can confine active hydrogen (•H) onto nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) by withdrawing electrons from nZVI to react with bound protons, generating confined active hydrogen (•H) for efficient defluorination under ambient conditions. The exposed silicon cation (Si) of silicate functions as a Lewis acid site to activate the C-F bond by forming Si.

Radical trifluoromethoxylation of fluorinated alkenes for accessing difluoro(trifluoromethoxy)methyl groups.

In this study, we explore the potential of the difluoro(trifluoromethoxy)methyl group, CF-O-CF, an underexplored but promising structural analog of the trifluoromethoxy group (OCF). This moiety offers unique electronic properties and enhanced chemical stability due to its multiple C-F bonds, along with the added advantage of C-O bond cleavage, making it an attractive option in fluorine chemistry. We have succeeded in synthesizing difluoro(trifluoromethoxy)methyl compounds radical amino- and hydroxy-trifluoromethoxylations of β,β-difluorostyrenes.

Massively parallel homogeneous amplification of chip-scale DNA for DNA information storage (MPHAC-DIS).

Chip scale DNA synthesis offers a high-throughput and cost-effective method for large-scale DNA-based information storage. Nevertheless, unbiased information retrieval from low-copy-number sequences remains a barricade that largely arises from the indispensable DNA amplification. Here, we devise a simulation-guided quantitative primer-template hybridization strategy to realize massively parallel homogeneous amplification of chip-scale DNA for DNA information storage (MPHAC-DIS).

Characterization of the Disorganization of the Inner Retinal Layers in Diabetics Using Increased Axial Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: To compare a novel high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) with improved axial resolution (High-Res OCT) with conventional spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) with regard to their capacity to characterize the disorganization of the retinal inner layers (DRIL) in diabetic maculopathy.

Methods: Diabetic patients underwent multimodal retinal imaging (SD-OCT, High-Res OCT, and color fundus photography). Best-corrected visual acuity and diabetes characteristics were recorded.

A Hexavalent Tellurium-Based Chalcogen Bonding Catalysis Platform: High Catalytic Activity and Controlling of Selectivity.

Herein, we describe a hexavalent tellurium-based chalcogen bonding catalysis platform capable of addressing reactivity and selectivity issues. This research demonstrates that hexavalent tellurium salts can serve as a class of highly active chalcogen bonding catalysts for the first time. The tellurium centers in these hexavalent catalysts have only one exposed interaction site, thus providing a favorable condition for the controlling of reaction selectivity.

Cross-reactive sarbecovirus antibodies induced by mosaic RBD-nanoparticles.

Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 become obsolete as spike substitutions reduce antibody binding. To induce antibodies against conserved receptor-binding domain (RBD) regions for protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and zoonotic sarbecoviruses, we developed mosaic-8b RBD-nanoparticles presenting eight sarbecovirus RBDs arranged randomly on a 60-mer nanoparticle. Mosaic-8b immunizations protected animals from challenges from viruses whose RBDs were matched or mismatched to those on nanoparticles.

A multimodal neural signature of face processing in autism within the fusiform gyrus.

Atypical face processing is commonly reported in autism. Its neural correlates have been explored extensively across single neuroimaging modalities within key regions of the face processing network, such as the fusiform gyrus (FFG). Nonetheless, it is poorly understood how variation in brain anatomy and function jointly impacts face processing and social functioning.

Drug use and acute kidney injury: a Drug-Wide Association Study (DWAS) in Denmark and Sweden.

Background: Knowledge of which medications may lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) is limited, relying mostly on spontaneous reporting in pharmacovigilance systems. We here conducted an exploratory drug-wide association study (DWAS) to screen for associations between dispensed drugs and AKI risk.

Methods: Using two large Danish and Swedish data linkages, we identified AKI hospitalizations occurring between April 1997 and December 2021 in Denmark and between March 2007 and December 2021 in Sweden.

Efficient degradation of ciprofloxacin in water using nZVI/g-CN enhanced dielectric barrier discharge plasma process.

Residual antibiotics in aquatic environments pose health and ecological risks due to their persistence and resistance to biodegradation. Thus, it is crucial to develop efficient technologies for the degradation of such antibiotics. This study presents a novel approach using a nano zero-valent iron/graphitic carbon nitride (nZVI/g-CN)-enhanced dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma process for the degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP).

No evidence for active viral infection in unicentric and idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease by Viral-Track analysis.

Castleman disease (CD) is a rare hematologic disorder characterized by pathologic lymph node changes and a range of symptoms due to excessive cytokine production. While uncontrolled infection with human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) is responsible for the cytokine storm in a portion of multicentric CD (HHV-8-associated MCD) cases, the etiology of unicentric CD (UCD) and HHV-8-negative/idiopathic MCD (iMCD) is unknown. Several hypotheses have been proposed regarding the pathogenesis of UCD and iMCD, including occult infection given the precedent established by HHV-8 infection.

New Insights Into Hepatic Impairment (HI) Trials.

Hepatic impairment (HI) trials are traditionally part of the clinical pharmacology development to assess the need for dose adaptation in people with impaired metabolic capacity due to their diseased liver. This review aimed at looking into the data from dedicated HI studies, cluster these data into various categories and connect the effect by HI with reported pharmacokinetics (PK) properties in order to identify patterns that may allow waiver, extrapolations, or adapted HI study designs. Based on a ratio ≥ 2 or ≤ 0.

Monoprotonated species of 2-aminomalonyl difluoride, [CHFNO][HF].

The monoprotonated species of 2-aminomalonyl difluoride, namely, 1,3-difluoro-1,3-dioxopropan-2-aminium dihydrogen trifluoride, [CHFNO][HF], was synthesized from sulfur tetrafluoride in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (aHF) with [NH][CHNO] as the starting material. The solvent was removed and the salt was dissolved in aHF and crystallized. In the solid state, the three-dimensional network is built by medium-strong N-H.

Preparing Surrogates for Decision-Making: Development and Pilot Testing of Prepare for Their Care.

Context: Surrogate decision-makers have expressed the need for better preparation around communication and medical decision-making.

Objectives: This mixed-methods feasibility study aimed to assess the feasibility and usability of an online program to prepare surrogates for their role.

Methods: We developed a 2-part program for surrogates called PREPARE For THEIR Care with a diverse group of Community Advisory Board members and caregivers recruited from the National Patient Advocacy Foundation.

Sex-specific temporal trends in incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease: a Danish population-based cohort study.

Background: Rates of chronic kidney disease (CKD) may change with ageing populations, rising metabolic and cardiovascular disease prevalence, increasing CKD awareness and new treatments. We examined sex-specific temporal trends in CKD incidence and prevalence from 2011 through 2021.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study among adults residing in the North and Central Denmark Regions (population ∼1.

GOLD grade-specific characterization of COPD in the COSYCONET multi-center trial: comparison of semiquantitative MRI and quantitative CT.

Objectives: We hypothesized that semiquantitative visual scoring of lung MRI is suitable for GOLD-grade specific characterization of parenchymal and airway disease in COPD and that MRI scores correlate with quantitative CT (QCT) and pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters.

Methods: Five hundred ninety-eight subjects from the COSYCONET study (median age = 67 (60-72)) at risk for COPD or with GOLD1-4 underwent PFT, same-day paired inspiratory/expiratory CT, and structural and contrast-enhanced MRI. QCT assessed total lung volume (TLV), emphysema, and air trapping by parametric response mapping (PRM, PRM) and airway disease by wall percentage (WP).

Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in patients with high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer-results of a clinical series.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (NARCT) is an established standard of care in various tumor entities, promoting high response rates at commonly lower toxicities as compared to adjuvant approaches. This retrospective analysis was designed to investigate NARCT in early-stage high-risk cervical cancer.

Methods: Forty patients with early-stage high-risk cervical cancer (i.

Pelvic Organ Prolapse Repair Using Robotic-Assisted Sacral Hysterocolpopexy vs Vaginal Surgery with the Uphold™ System: 1-Year Clinical Outcomes.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The aim of the study was to compare clinical outcomes when using robotic-assisted sacral hysterocolpopexy (RASC) and vaginal surgery using the Uphold™ Vaginal Support System mesh for pelvic organ prolapse repair.

Methods: This was a nonrandomized, prospective, multicenter study in which 72 women underwent RASC, and 73 Uphold™ surgery, for apical prolapse (POP-Q C ≥ stage II). Anatomical outcomes were assessed using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) system.

Left Ventricular Assist Device Therapy in Cold and Dry Patients.

Background: Patients with end-stage heart failure and low pulmonary capillary wedge pressure are referred to as cold and dry and represent an understudied minority in whom the benefit of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy is unclear.

Methods: Adults receiving LVADs between 2006 and 2017 in the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support database were classified as cold and wet (pulmonary capillary wedge pressure >15 mm Hg) and cold and dry (pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ≤15 mm Hg) based on pre-LVAD hemodynamics obtained via right heart catheterization. The primary outcome was 1-year survival.