BIMSSA: enhancing cancer prediction with salp swarm optimization and ensemble machine learning approaches.

Background: Cancer rates are rising rapidly, causing global mortality. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 9.9 million people died from cancer in 2020.

Innovations in RNA therapeutics: a review of recent advances and emerging technologies.

The field of biomedical science has witnessed another milestone with the advent of RNA-based therapeutics. This review explores three major RNA molecules, namely: messenger RNA (mRNA), RNA interference technology (RNAi), and Antisense Oligonucleotide (ASO), and analyses U.S.

An efficient deep learning system for automatic detection of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Early and highly accurate detection of rapidly damaging deadly disease like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is essential for providing appropriate treatment to save valuable lives. Recent development in deep learning, particularly transfer learning, is gaining a preferred trend of research in medical image processing because of their admirable performance, even with small datasets. It inspires us to develop a novel deep learning-based leukemia detection system in which an efficient and lightweight MobileNetV2 is used in conjunction with ShuffleNet to boost discrimination ability and enhance the receptive field via convolution layer succession.

Sublethal urea exposure in Nile tilapia: Morphological, behavioural, and histological alteration.

The pace of research efforts has been extraordinarily accelerated across the globe to address the contamination issues caused by pesticides, and fertilizers, especially in the aquatic ecosystem. The sole aim of this study was to assess the effect of urea on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). For this purpose, the fish fingerlings were exposed to increasing concentrations of urea such as 0, 1, 2.

A robust Parkinson's disease detection model based on time-varying synaptic efficacy function in spiking neural network.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting millions of people around the world. Conventional PD detection algorithms are generally based on first and second-generation artificial neural network (ANN) models which consume high energy and have complex architecture. Considering these limitations, a time-varying synaptic efficacy function based leaky-integrate and fire neuron model, called SEFRON is used for the detection of PD.

Morpho-biochemical and molecular profiling for Charcoal Rot (CR) disease resistance in Mung Bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] landraces.

Background: Charcoal Rot (CR) poses a significant threat to mung bean crops by reducing yield, making the development of resistant varieties crucial for stable production and food security. This study evaluated 19 newly identified mung bean landraces using biochemical traits and SSR markers, revealing genetic variability, CR disease reactions, and traits influencing yield and resistance, which provide valuable insights for breeding CR-resistant, high-yielding varieties.

Methods And Results: Mung bean landraces were evaluated for their response to CR using 4 biochemical parameters, and 10 SSR markers to assess genetic variability and disease resistance.

pH-Independent Selective Formation of VO Motif Incorporating a Family of Hydrazone Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Luminescence-Based Sensing Studies toward Selective Metal Ions.

Two new dioxidovanadium(V) compounds with the general formula [VO(L)] (L = hydrazone ligand) were synthesized using three different methods (acidic, neutral, and basic media) with either VOSO. 5HO, [VO(acac)], or NHVO as the starting material and hydrazone ligands. In both cases, five coordinated V ions adopted distorted square pyramidal geometry through the coordination of two oxido ligands and one hydrazone ligand.

Ensemble Classification Model With CFS-IGWO-Based Feature Selection for Cancer Detection Using Microarray Data.

Cancer is the top cause of death worldwide, and machine learning (ML) has made an indelible mark on the field of early cancer detection, thereby lowering the death toll. ML-based model for cancer diagnosis is done using two forms of data: gene expression data and microarray data. The data on gene expression levels includes many dimensions.

Generation of patterns and higher harmonics in 1D quantum droplets in tilted and driven quasi-periodic confinements.

The generation of patterns by breaking the spatial symmetry in external confinement is a captivating area of physics. The emergence of patterns is a fundamental inquiry spanning various disciplines such as nonlinear optics, condensed matter physics, and fluid dynamics. The article investigates the generation of a variety of patterns in a one-dimensional binary mixture of Bose-Einstein condensate forming quantum droplets.

Current Advancements on Oral Protein and Peptide Drug Delivery Approaches to Bioavailability: Extensive Review on Patents.

Protein and peptide-based drugs have greater therapeutic efficacy and potential application and lower toxicity compared to chemical entities in long-term use within optimum concentration as they are easily biodegradable due to biological origin. While oral administration is preferable, most of these substances are currently administered intravenously or subcutaneously. This is primarily due to the breakdown and poor absorption in the GI tract.

Enhancing yield and economic benefits through sustainable pest management in Okra cultivation.

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is a prominent vegetable crop in Asia, confronting persistent threats from pests such as leafhoppers, whiteflies, and shoot and fruit borers. Conventional chemical control methods, despite their adverse ecological effects, remain the primary approach for pest management. Indiscriminate chemical use has led to reduced biodiversity among natural predators and the disruption of food webs in ecosystems.

Nanoquercetin based nanoformulations for triple negative breast cancer therapy and its role in overcoming drug resistance.

Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive and treatment-resistant subtype of breast cancer, lacking the expression of estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors. Conventional chemotherapy remains the primary treatment option, but its efficacy is often compromised by the development of drug resistance. Nanoquercetin has garnered the attention of researchers due to its potential in combating cancer.

Diffusive Memristor with CuS Nanoparticles Embedded in Polymeric Film as Artificial Nociceptor.

The threshold behavior and the ion diffusion dynamics in diffusive volatile memristors have a very uncanny resemblance to the transduction process of biological nociceptors. Hence, the diffusive memristors are considered the most suited for making artificial nociceptive systems. To facilitate their widespread adoption, it is imperative to develop polymeric or organic-inorganic hybrid material-based diffusive memristors that are economical, biocompatible, and easily processable.

Harnessing a WO-based flexible transparent memristor synapse with a hafnium oxide layer for neuromorphic computing.

Transparent memristor-based neuromorphic synapses are expected to be specialised devices for high-speed information transmission and processing. The synaptic linearity and potentiation/depression cycles are imperative issues for the application of memristors. This work explores a memristor for improving switching uniformity by introducing a thin HfO interfacial layer as a diffusion-limiting layer sandwiched between WO and ITO bottom electrodes.

A Synopsis on CO Capture by Synthetic Hydrogen Bonding Receptors.

Carbon dioxide (CO) is one of the most abundant greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere and responsible for global warming. Therefore, aerial CO capture and sequestration has become a major task for human community. Though several adsorbents for CO including activated carbon, zeolites, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and other surface-modified porous materials are well developed, the supramolecular approaches using synthetic hydrogen-bonding receptors are less explored.

Role of Annealing with Electric Field Toward Improvement of Ferroelectric and Electroactive Properties of PVDF Copolymer and Terpolymer Thin Films.

The present study elucidates the role of annealing with electric field on lamellar crystalline structure and molecular orientation of polymer chains in ferroelectric copolymer (P(VDF-TrFE)) and ferroelectric terpolymer (P(VDF-TrFE-CFE)) spin-coated thin films. The ferroelectric polymer thin films annealed under an electric field support the growth of nanostructure with an "edge-on" lamellar crystalline structure having in-plane molecular chain orientation. The poled P(VDF-TrFE) thin films have higher remnant polarization (P) ≈6.

Transforming Cancer Care: The Impact of AI-Driven Strategies.

AI is a critical component in healthcare, especially in the application of precision medicine where patients' characteristics, including genetic makeup, determine the treatment options that should be implemented. AI sorts big data, predicting people's reactions to specific treatments, the right combinations of drugs, and possible side effects, therefore increasing the efficiency of the treatment process and decreasing negative outcomes. This article briefly presents the ethical issues and concerns that might arise due to the integration of AI in society, such as the privacy of data, the issues of bias in the algorithms, and the issues of interpretability of the AI systems.

A CNN-CBAM-BIGRU model for protein function prediction.

Understanding a protein's function based solely on its amino acid sequence is a crucial but intricate task in bioinformatics. Traditionally, this challenge has proven difficult. However, recent years have witnessed the rise of deep learning as a powerful tool, achieving significant success in protein function prediction.

Sensitivity analysis of bi-metal stacked-gate-oxide hetero-juncture tunnel fet with Si0.6Ge0.4 source biosensor considering non-ideal factors.

This article provides insights in designing a dielectrically modulated biosensor by adopting high-k stacked gate oxide proposition in a bi-metal hetero-juncture Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (BM-SO-HTFET) with Si0.6Ge0.4 source.

SIRT1-activating butein inhibits arecoline-induced mitochondrial dysfunction through PGC1α and MTP18 in oral cancer.

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction associated with mitochondrial DNA mutations, enzyme defects, generation of ROS, and altered oxidative homeostasis is known to induce oral carcinogenesis during exposure to arecoline. Butein, a natural small molecule from Butea monosperma, possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer effects. However, the role of butein in the mitochondrial quality control mechanism has not been illuminated clearly.

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) enhancement through genomic resources and breeding methods: current implications and potential future interventions.

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) is an essential staple crop in many regions of Africa and Asia, valued for its nutritional content and resilience in challenging agro-ecological conditions. The enhancement of finger millet through genomic resources and breeding methods represents a promising avenue for addressing food and nutritional security. Current efforts in this field have harnessed genomic technologies to decipher the crop's genetic diversity and identify key traits related to yield, disease resistance, and nutritional content.

Recent advancement of autophagy in polyploid giant cancer cells and its interconnection with senescence and stemness for therapeutic opportunities.

Recurrent chemotherapy-induced senescence and resistance are attributed to the polyploidization of cancer cells that involve genomic instability and poor prognosis due to their unique form of cellular plasticity. Autophagy, a pre-dominant cell survival mechanism, is crucial during carcinogenesis and chemotherapeutic stress, favouring polyploidization. The selective autophagic degradation of essential proteins associated with cell cycle progression checkpoints deregulate mitosis fidelity and genomic integrity, imparting polyploidization of cancer cells.