Family Function, Quality of Life, and Well-Being in Parents of Infants With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.

Survival for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) has improved dramatically. Little is known about early family function, quality of life (QOL), or well-being/adjustment for parents of infants with HLHS. Parent/family outcomes over time, predictors, and differences in 143 mothers and 72 fathers were examined.

ASE Statement on Adapting Pediatric, Fetal, and Congenital Heart Disease Echocardiographic Services to the Evolving COVID-19 Pandemic.

Over the 12 months since the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, an explosion of investigation and an increase in experience have led to vast improvement in our knowledge about this disease. However, coronavirus disease 2019 remains a huge public health threat.

Practice patterns and influence of allograft nephrectomy in pediatric kidney re-transplantation: A pediatric nephrology research consortium study.

Introduction: There are no guidelines regarding management of failed pediatric renal transplants.

Materials & Methods: We performed a first of its kind multicenter study assessing prevalence of transplant nephrectomy, patient characteristics, and outcomes in pediatric renal transplant recipients with graft failure from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2016.

Results: Fourteen centers contributed data on 186 pediatric recipients with failed transplants.

Double unrelated umbilical cord blood vs HLA-haploidentical bone marrow transplantation: the BMT CTN 1101 trial.

Results of 2 parallel phase 2 trials of transplantation of unrelated umbilical cord blood (UCB) or bone marrow (BM) from HLA-haploidentical relatives provided equipoise for direct comparison of these donor sources. Between June 2012 and June 2018, 368 patients aged 18 to 70 years with chemotherapy-sensitive lymphoma or acute leukemia in remission were randomly assigned to undergo UCB (n = 186) or haploidentical (n = 182) transplant. Reduced-intensity conditioning comprised total-body irradiation with cyclophosphamide and fludarabine for both donor types.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue in Young Patients: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe 3 cases of tongue cancer in patients less than 21 years of age. Secondarily, a literature review was performed to examine disease presentation, risk factors, prognosis, and treatment strategies for young persons with tongue cancer.

Methods: The authors presented 3 cases of childhood tongue cancer between 2009 and 2020 at the University of Michigan Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Ann Arbor, MI).

Outcomes of Pediatric Patients With Defibrillators Following Initial Presentation With Sudden Cardiac Arrest.

Background: Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) are recommended for secondary prevention after sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). The outcomes of pediatric patients receiving an ICD after SCA remain unclear. The objective of this study is to evaluate outcomes, future risk for appropriate shocks, and identify characteristics associated with appropriate ICD therapy during follow-up.

Resuscitating the Socratic Method: Student and Faculty Perspectives on Posing Probing Questions During Clinical Teaching.

Purpose: Teaching by way of asking questions is a time-honored practice that has taken on the negative connotation of "pimping" among medical students and has made some faculty hesitant to ask students questions during clerkship rotations. Yet, quantitative studies exploring student perspectives on this practice are limited. This study aimed to solicit student and faculty views and investigate faculty perceptions of students' preferences.

Development and Testing of a New Simplified Endoscopic Mucosal Assessment for Crohn's Disease: The SEMA-CD.

Objectives: Endoscopic mucosal improvement is the gold standard for assessing treatment efficacy in clinical trials of Crohn's disease. Current endoscopic indices are not routinely used in clinical practice. The lack of endoscopic information in large clinical registries limits their use for research.

Does Use of a Feeding Protocol Change Outcomes in Gastroschisis? A Report from the Midwest Pediatric Surgery Consortium.

Introduction:  Gastroschisis feeding practices vary. Standardized neonatal feeding protocols have been demonstrated to improve nutritional outcomes. We report outcomes of infants with gastroschisis that were fed with and without a protocol.

Intention to treat: obstetrical management at the threshold of viability.

Background: Despite medical advances in the care of extremely preterm neonates and growing acceptance of resuscitation at 23 and even 22 weeks gestation, controversy remains concerning the use of antepartum obstetric intervention s that are intended to improve outcomes in the setting of anticipated extremely preterm birth. In the absence of demonstrated benefit at <23 weeks gestation and with uncertain benefit at 23 weeks gestation, previous obstetric committee opinions have advised against their use at these gestational ages.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to review the use of obstetric intervention s at the threshold of viability based on neonatal resuscitation plan and to review the odds of survival to neonatal intensive care unit discharge based on use of obstetric intervention s with adjustment for neonatal factors.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on CHD care and emotional wellbeing.

Background: Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric non-COVID-19-related care, as well as patient and caregiver concerns and stressors, is critical for informing healthcare delivery. It was hypothesised that high care disruptions and psychological stress would be observed among paediatric and adult CHD patients in the early phase of the pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional, international, electronic survey study was completed.

Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement With the Sapien Prosthesis.

Background: There are limited published data focused on outcomes of transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR) with either a Sapien XT or Sapien 3 (S3) valve.

Objectives: This study sought to report short-term outcomes in a large cohort of patients who underwent TPVR with either a Sapien XT or S3 valve.

Methods: Data were entered retrospectively into a multicenter registry for patients who underwent attempted TPVR with a Sapien XT or S3 valve.

Extracardiac Doppler indices predict perinatal mortality in fetuses with Ebstein anomaly and tricuspid valve dysplasia.

Objectives: Ebstein anomaly and tricuspid valve dysplasia (EA/TVD) carry high perinatal mortality. Past studies have focused on cardiac predictors of mortality; we sought to describe the fetal echo (FE) extracardiac Dopplers in this cohort and determine their association with perinatal mortality.

Method: Fetuses with EA/TVD at 23 centers from 2005-2011 were included for retrospective study.

Pregnancy in Women with Adult Congenital Heart Disease.

Women with congenital heart disease are pursuing pregnancy in increasing numbers. Counseling about genetic transmission, medication management, maternal and fetal risks, and maternal longevity should be initiated well before pregnancy is considered. Although preconception medical and surgical optimization as well as coordinated multidisciplinary care throughout pregnancy decrease maternal and fetal risks, the rate of complications remains increased compared with the general population.

Fetal Risk Stratification and Outcomes in Children with Prenatally Diagnosed Lung Malformations: Results from a Multi-Institutional Research Collaborative.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess current clinical outcomes in children with prenatally diagnosed congenital lung malformations (CLMs) and to identify prenatal characteristics associated with adverse outcomes.

Summary Background Data: Despite a wide spectrum of clinical disease, the identification of fetal CLM subgroups at increased risk for hydrops and respiratory compromise at delivery has not been well defined.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using an operative database of prenatally diagnosed CLMs managed at 11 children's hospitals from 2009 to 2016.

A validated pediatric disease risk index for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

A disease risk index (DRI) that was developed for adults with hematologic malignancy who were undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation is also being used to stratify children and adolescents by disease risk. Therefore, to develop and validate a DRI that can be used to stratify those with AML and ALL by their disease risk, we analyzed 2569 patients aged <18 years with acute myeloid (AML; n = 1224) or lymphoblastic (ALL; n = 1345) leukemia who underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation. Training and validation subsets for each disease were generated randomly with 1:1 assignment to the subsets, and separate prognostic models were derived for each disease.

Not just vegetations: focal myocardial changes in patients with fungal infections.

Background: Fungal endocarditis classically involves dense heterogenous vegetations. However, several patients with fungal infections were noted to have myocardial changes ranging from focal brightening to nodular thickening of chordae or papillary muscles. This study evaluates whether these findings are associated with fungal infections.

Antibiotic Susceptibility of Escherichia coli Among Infants Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units Across the US From 2009 to 2017.

Importance: Escherichia coli is a leading cause of serious infection among term and preterm newborn infants. Surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility patterns of E coli among infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units should inform empirical antibiotic administration.

Objective: To assess the epidemiologic characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of E coli in infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units in the US over time.

Health-Related Quality of Life After Community-Acquired Septic Shock in Children With Preexisting Severe Developmental Disabilities.

Objectives: To serially evaluate health-related quality of life during the first year after community-acquired septic shock in children with preexisting severe developmental disabilities and explore factors associated with health-related quality of life changes in these children.

Design: Secondary analysis of the Life after Pediatric Sepsis Evaluation investigation.

Setting: Twelve academic PICU in the United States.

How Sleep Impacts Performance in Youth Athletes.

Sleep is an important aspect in the recovery and performance in athletes. Recently, there has been increasing interest in exploring the various affects that sleep has on performance in athletes. Youth athletes represent a unique population in that not only do they have demands in training schedules and training load, but they also have demands in academics.