Infection and Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke Presumably Related to Focal Cerebral Arteriopathy: Data From the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Infection may trigger pediatric arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS), notably when related to focal cerebral arteriopathy. Community- and individual-level nonpharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a major decrease in pediatric viral infections. We explored the consequences on the incidence of PAIS.

The ETA-ESE statement on the European Chemicals Agency opinion on iodine as an endocrine disruptor.

In 2022, the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) made a statement concluding that iodine is an endocrine disruptor (ED). "We stress the fact that the ECHA opinion ECHA/BPC/357/2022 is based on their misguidedly zooming in on exclusively the biocidal products (e.g.

Crossroads between Skin and Endocrine Glands: The Interplay of Lichen Planus with Thyroid Anomalies.

In this narrative review, we aimed to overview the interplay between lichen planus (LP) and thyroid conditions (TCs) from a dual perspective (dermatologic and endocrine), since a current gap in understanding LP-TC connections is found so far and the topic is still a matter of debate. We searched PubMed from Inception to October 2023 by using the key terms "lichen planus" and "thyroid", (alternatively, "endocrine" or "hormone"). We included original clinical studies in humans according to three sections: LP and TC in terms of dysfunction, autoimmunity, and neoplasia.

Approach of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) Syndrome-Related Skin Tumors.

Non-endocrine findings in patients with MEN1 (multiple endocrine neoplasia) syndrome also include skin lesions, especially tumor-type lesions. This is a narrative review of the English-language medical literature including original studies concerning MEN1 and dermatological issues (apart from dermatologic features of each endocrine tumor/neuroendocrine neoplasia), identified through a PubMed-based search (based on clinical relevance, with no timeline restriction or concern regarding the level of statistical significance). We identified 27 original studies involving clinical presentation of patients with MEN1 and cutaneous tumors; eight other original studies that also included the genetic background; and four additional original studies were included.

Acanthosis Nigricans: Pointer of Endocrine Entities.

Acanthosis nigricans (AN) has been reported in relation to insulin resistance (IR). We aim to review AN through an endocrine and metabolic perspective focusing on IR in association with metabolic complications such as obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), and metabolic syndrome (MS) with/without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We revised English papers on PubMed covering publications from the last 5 years.

Levoketoconazole in the treatment of patients with endogenous Cushing's syndrome: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized withdrawal study (LOGICS).

Purpose: The efficacy of levoketoconazole for endogenous Cushing's syndrome was demonstrated in a phase 3, open-label study (SONICS). This study (LOGICS) evaluated drug-specificity of cortisol normalization.

Methods: LOGICS was a phase 3, placebo-controlled, randomized-withdrawal study with open-label titration-maintenance (14-19 weeks) followed by double-blind, randomized-withdrawal (~ 8 weeks), and restoration (~ 8 weeks) phases.

A Randomized, Double-Blind Noninferiority Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of the Cabozantinib Tablet at 60 mg Per Day Compared with the Cabozantinib Capsule at 140 mg Per Day in Patients with Progressive, Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer.

Cabozantinib inhibits pathways involved in medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). Cabozantinib is approved as 140 mg/day in capsules for MTC and 60 mg/day in tablets for other solid tumors. This study compared the two doses in progressive metastatic MTC.

The European Register of Cystic Echinococcosis, ERCE: state-of-the-art five years after its launch.

Background: The real burden of human cystic echinococcosis (CE) remains elusive, due to the peculiar characteristics of the disease and the heterogeneous and incomplete data recording of clinical cases. Furthermore, official notification systems do not collect pivotal clinical information, which would allow the comparison of different treatment outcomes, and thus circumvent the difficulty of implementing clinical trials for CE. The Italian Register of CE (RIEC) was launched in 2012 and expanded in 2014 into the European Register of CE (ERCE).

Achievements of the HERACLES Project on Cystic Echinococcosis.

The FP7 project 'Human Cystic Echinococcosis ReseArch in CentraL and Eastern Societies' (HERACLES), developed between 2013 and 2018 by nine partners in five countries, is one of the largest projects on cystic echinococcosis. Here we present the core HERACLES achievements, which should help to foster the translation of scientific investigations on health policies.

Adult growth hormone deficiency in CEE region: Heterogeneity of the patient pathway.

Objectives: Adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) is a rare disease characterised by abnormal body composition, reduced strength and exercise capacity and impaired psychological wellbeing. An advisory board of leading Central and Eastern European (CEE) endocrinologists was assembled to gain insights into the status of AGHD care in the CEE region. Topics of discussion included the position of adult hypopituitarism/AGHD in health system priorities, availability and affordability of treatments, awareness of AGHD, practice guidelines used in CEE countries and provisions for long-term care of patients.

PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA-PARAGANGLIOMA: TRANSLATIONAL APPROACH FROM GENETICS TO CLINICAL NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY.

In the latest decade, translational medicine has played an important role. In neuroendocrine tumor field, genetic results are associated with clinical and paraclinical disease implications. This translational knowledge allows a faster action in some mutation types with aggressive outcome.

Developing and evaluating rare disease educational materials co-created by expert clinicians and patients: the paradigm of congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

Background: Patients with rare diseases face health disparities and are often challenged to find accurate information about their condition. We aimed to use the best available evidence and community partnerships to produce patient education materials for congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) and the olfacto-genital (Kallmann) syndrome (i.e.

Neuropeptide Y in the adult and fetal human pineal gland.

Neuropeptide Y was isolated from the porcine brain in 1982 and shown to be colocalized with noradrenaline in sympathetic nerve terminals. The peptide has been demonstrated to be present in sympathetic nerve fibers innervating the pineal gland in many mammalian species. In this investigation, we show by use of immunohistochemistry that neuropeptide Y is present in nerve fibers of the adult human pineal gland.

Mean platelet volume variability in young patients with non-ST elevation acute myocardial infarction.

Introduction: Platelet activation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Mean platelet volume (MPV), an indicator of platelet reactivity, was previously associated with an increased risk of acute coronary events.

Objective: To investigate the MPV variability in young patients presenting with NSTEMI, as compared to young patients with cardiovascular risk factors and no overt ischemic cardiac disease, as well as with elderly patients presenting with NSTEMI.

Giant lipomatous tumors of the upper extremities--a series of 8 consecutive cases.

We present a series of eight consecutive patients evaluated in our department from 2002 to 2007 with giant lipomatous tumors (as defined in medical studies as greater than 5 cm) of upper extremities. There were three male and five female, ranged in age from 17 to 77 years (mean age of 55). The tumor's size ranged from 5 to 34 cm.

Treatment of extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C viral infection--a challenge.

Often, chronic hepatitis C infection is clinically manifested as extra hepatic disease. Therapy of the extra hepatic manifestations (EHM) is always difficult and based on the optimal and individual association of antiviral treatment, immunosuppressant and plasma cleaning techniques. We observed for 4 years 246 patients admitted to "Colentina" Internal Medicine Clinic, of whom 168 were diagnosed as chronic C hepatitis.

Contribution towards developing a new semi-selective medium for Streptococcus anginosus group.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to develop a new selective medium for isolation of Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG) strains, by adding sulphamethazine and aztreonam as selective agents at Mitis-Salivarius agar (MSA), the medium commonly used for recovery of oral streptococci from oral samples.

Material And Method: The evaluation of Mitis-Salivarius--sulphamethazine--aztreonam agar (MSSAA) for SAG selectivity was performed by testing the growth of type strains and laboratory-stored clinical isolates of different oral streptococcal species on this medium and also by investigating the SAG recovery on MSSAA in comparison with MSA and the growth inhibition of non-SAG strains from 100 saliva and 11 pus samples (collected from healthy young subjects and from paediatric patients with upper respiratory tract infections, respectively) on MSSAA.

Results: The same SAG recovery rate was obtained on both MSSAA and MSA, while non-SAG strains failed to grow on the novel medium, except for enterococci.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder: neuroendocrine interferences.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) consists in severe cognitive and mood changes, more aggressive as seen in premenstrual syndrome (PMS). These two syndromes are situated at the border between gynecology and psychiatry but the link between the two domains remains the neuroendocrine underlying mechanisms. In present, there are some molecular systems certainly proved as being involved, like estrogens.

Changes in plasma levels of complement in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Inflammatory processes are involved in cerebral ischemia. Patients with ischemic stroke may be predisposed to marked activation of the inflammatory system. The objective was to analyze the association between the level of complement at different stages after stroke and outcome.

Some clinico-immunological aspects in patients with ocular myasthenia gravis associated with inflammatory bowel disease.

The link between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) is thought to be related to the production of autoantibodies. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of some antibodies in OMG patients with IBD. Sixty-four patients with IBD and neurological symptoms were examined neurologically and immunologically (41 men and 23 women, mean age 43-5.

Allergic reactions to antithyroid drugs are associated with autoimmunity a retrospective case-control study.

Unlabelled: Thiamazole is the most used antithyroid drug for thyrotoxicosis in Basedow-Graves' (BG) (autoimmune) disease and in toxic multinodular goitre (TMG) (non-autoimmune). This study aims to find whether allergic reactions to thiamazole occur more frequently during the treatment of BG than of TMG.

Method: Retrospective study, of 128 patients newly diagnosed and treated for thyrotoxicosis in the first 6 months of 2006, in the Endocrinology Department of "Elias" Hospital, Bucharest.

Investigation of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8 and of procalcitonin in patients with neurologic complications in sepsis.

Some mediators of inflammation are associated with sepsis, involving nervous system. Proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-8, and procalcitonin (PCT), proinflammatory protein, were investigated in patients with neurologic complications in sepsis. TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, and PCT were prospectively investigated in 62 patients with neurologic complications in sepsis.