Active Polylactide-poly(ethylene glycol) Films Loaded with Olive Leaf Extract for Food Packaging-Antibacterial Activity, Surface, Thermal and Mechanical Evaluation.

As the demand for sustainable and innovative solutions in food packaging continues to grow, this study endeavors to introduce a comprehensive exploration of novel active materials. Specifically, we focus on characterizing polylactide-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA/PEG) films filled with olive leaf extract (OLE; ) obtained via solvent evaporation. Examined properties include surface structure, thermal degradation and mechanical attributes, as well as antibacterial activity.

Mechanical Properties of TWILL Carbon Fiber Fabric-Reinforced Single-Layer Thermoplastic Polyamide and Polybutylene Terephthalate-Based Composite Materials Manufactured by Hot Pressing.

This study investigates carbon fabric-reinforced thermoplastic composites produced via hot pressing, using Polyamide PA6 and Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) as matrix materials. These materials are increasingly utilized in the development of lightweight, high-performance, multilayer structures, such as aluminum-reinforced laminates, for automotive and aerospace applications. The mechanical properties, including tensile strength and stiffness, were systematically evaluated under varying loading conditions.

Accelerated Method for Determining the Fatigue Limit of Trabecular Bone.

This paper presents an experimental method for estimating the fatigue limit of trabecular bone using a single trabecular bone sample, the microstructural parameters of which were determined by microCT. Fatigue tests were carried out using the Locati method, with stepwise increasing load amplitude. The fatigue limits of the trabecular structures were determined experimentally in accordance with Miner's law of fatigue damage accumulation, based on the parameters of the reference S-N curve taken from the literature.

Effects of Thickness of the Corn Seed Coat on the Strength of Processed Biological Materials.

The strength and energy of processed biological materials depend, among others, on their properties. Despite the numerous studies available, the relationship between the internal structure of corn grains and their mechanical properties has not yet been explained. Hence, the aim of the work is to explore the relationship between the internal composition of maize kernels and its mechanical properties by studying the impact of the maize seed coat thickness on its breakage susceptibility.

The Role of Nutrition, Oxidative Stress, and Trace Elements in the Pathophysiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction, alongside repetitive behaviors, and atypical sensory-motor patterns. The growing prevalence of ASD has driven substantial advancements in research aimed at understanding its etiology, preventing its onset, and mitigating its impact. This ongoing effort necessitates continuous updates to the body of knowledge and the identification of previously unexplored factors.

Intermediates of Hydrogen Peroxide-Assisted Photooxidation of Salicylic Acid: Their Degradation Rates and Ecotoxicological Assessment.

Accelerated photooxidation of salicylic acid (SA) was performed using UV radiation and hydrogen peroxide. HPLC-MS analysis showed that the primary intermediates are 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, pyrocatechol, and phenol. Deeper oxidation leads to low molecular weight aliphatic acids, such as maleic, fumaric, and glyoxylic.

Effect of intramuscular fat level on carcass composition, physicochemical characteristics, texture, and microstructure of breast muscle of broiler chickens.

This research aimed to determine the effect of intramuscular fat (IMF) levels in m. pectoralis major on carcass weight and composition, meat of male broiler chickens. Whole eviscerated necked carcasses of Ross 308 male broiler chickens aged 42 days were purchased from a commercial poultry slaughterhouse.

Influence of the housing system on carcass composition and meat quality of laying hens after the laying period.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of two systems of keeping Lohmann Brown laying hens in terms of carcass composition and meat quality assessment (chemical composition, physicochemical properties, texture, rheological properties, microstructure). The experimental material consisted of 30 carcasses (15 litter system - SS, 15 aviary system - SW) of Lohmann Brown laying hens after laying at 85 weeks of age. After slaughtering, the weight of the eviscerated carcass and the proportion of carcass elements, the weight of selected internal organs, acidity (pH), and electroconductivity (EC), color (L*, a*, b*), and the basic chemical composition of pectoral muscles and leg muscles were determined.

Ovalbumin gene polymorphism: Implications for hatchability and egg quality changes during storage in Japanese quail.

The aim of the study was to identify polymorphisms in the ovalbumin gene - SERPINB14 gene and evaluate their effect on hatchability traits and egg quality changes during storage in two strains of Japanese quails: meat-type (F33) and laying-type (S22). To individually determine hatchability traits for each female, eggs were collected and incubated. To determine egg quality traits, 10 eggs were collected from each female and stored for 14 weeks.

Exploring the link between inflammation and brain function after metabolic-bariatric surgery: A year-long fMRI study.

Background: Metabolic-bariatric surgery (MBS) transcends weight loss and offers wide-ranging health benefits, including positive effects on brain function. However, the mechanisms behind these effects remain unclear, particularly in the context of significant postoperative changes in the inflammatory profile characteristic of MBS. Understanding how inflammation influences postoperative brain function can enhance our decision-making on patient eligibility for MBS and create new opportunities to improve the outcomes of this popular treatment.

Advanced Functional NiCoS@CoMoS Heterojunction Couple as Electrode for Hydrogen Production via Energy-Saving Urea Oxidation.

The urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is characterized by a lower overpotential compared to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) during electrolysis, which facilitates the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the cathode. Charge distribution, which can be modulated by the introduction of a heterostructure, plays a key role in enhancing the adsorption and cleavage of chemical groups within urea molecules. Herein, a facile all-room temperature synthesis of functional heterojunction NiCoS/CoMoS grown on carbon cloth (CC) is presented, and the as-prepared electrode served as a catalyst for simultaneous hydrogen evolution and urea oxidation reaction.

Analysis of the Impact of the Post-Consumer Film Waste Scenario and the Source of Electricity on the Harmfulness of the Mass Packaging Process.

Life cycle analysis (LCA) is a popular tool for determining the environmental impacts of a product in use. The aim of this study is to carry out a life cycle analysis, gate-to-gate, of a mass packaging process using a polyethylene shrinking film with a focus on energy consumption, raw material use and associated emissions, and film post-consumer disposal scenarios. Two different scenarios for the disposal of the shrinking film used in the packaging process were analyzed, namely recycling and landfills.

Novel and Sustainable Materials for the Separation of Lithium, Rubidium, and Cesium Ions from Aqueous Solutions in Adsorption Processes-A Review.

The growing demand for alkali metals (AMs), such as lithium, cesium, and rubidium, related to their wide application across various industries (e.g., electronics, medicine, aerospace, etc.

Assessment of the Influence of the Life Cycle of Solar Power Plant Materials and Components on Ecosystem Quality.

Currently, silicon is the most often utilized material for photovoltaic cell manufacturing, as it has the potential to convert solar energy directly into electricity. The silicon used in photovoltaic solutions must be highly pure. Large amounts of power, raw materials, and fossil fuels are consumed in the production process.

Immune-Related Gene Expression Responses to Stimulation and LPS Challenge in Two Distinct Chicken Genotypes.

Background: stimulation introduces bioactive compounds, such as prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics into incubating eggs to enhance gut health and immune system development in chickens. This study aimed to determine the genetic and environmental effects modulating responses to stimulation in commercial broilers and Green-legged Partridge-like (GP) native chickens.

Methods: Eggs were stimulated on day 12 of incubation with prebiotics (GOS-galactooligosaccharides), probiotics ( subsp.

Effect of sex on the levels of total arsenic (As) and As(III) in dog urine: a preliminary study.

The aim of the study was to analyze differences in the concentration of total arsenic (As) and As(III) in urine depending on the sex of mixed-breed dogs. Therefore, a research hypothesis was put forward that sex is a variable determining the degree and efficiency of urinary arsenic excretion. Two study groups were established: female (group 1) and male (group 2) mixed-breed dogs of similar body weight (9-13 kg) and aged 8-11 years.

The Use of Gel Electrophoresis to Separate Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplicons Allows for the Easy Identification and Assessment of the Spread of Toxigenic Strains.

is a common etiological factor of hospital infections, which, in extreme cases, can lead to the death of patients. Most strains belonging to this bacterium species synthesize very dangerous toxins: toxin A (TcdA) and B (TcdB) and binary toxin (CDT). The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of agarose gel electrophoresis separation of multiplex PCR amplicons to investigate the toxinogenic potential of strains.

Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Galactooligosaccharide Administered In Ovo on Hatchability, Chick Quality, Performance, Caecal Histomorphology and Meat Quality Traits of Broiler Chickens.

The presented study explored the promising alternatives of in ovo injection with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LP) and galactooligosaccharide (GOS) in the poultry industry. The study aimed to assess the effects of probiotic and prebiotic on various aspects of poultry production. The study involved 300 Ross broiler eggs, individually candled on Day 7 of embryonic development.

Preoperative and Postoperative Arterial Adaptation in Patients with Acute Aortic Dissection.

Spinal cord ischemia is one of the most serious complications after an aortic repair. To date, there is no evidence for arterial changes during an aortic dissection or for the observation of such arteries after an aortic repair. The aim of this study was to compare spinal-cord-supplying arteries in patients with an acute aortic dissection, preoperatively and postoperatively, with patients without an acute aortic dissection.

Modification of Light-Cured Composition for Permanent Dental Fillings; Mass Stability of New Composites Containing Quinoline and Quinoxaline Derivatives in Solutions Simulating the Oral Cavity Environment.

Billions of patients struggle with dental diseases every year. These mainly comprise caries and related diseases. This results in an extremely high demand for innovative, polymer composite filling materials that meet a number of dental requirements.

An Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Construction Materials of Monocrystalline and Perovskite Photovoltaic Power Plants Toward Their Sustainable Development.

The interest in alternative energy sources, including the use of solar radiation energy, is growing year by year. Currently, the most frequently installed photovoltaic modules are made of single-crystalline silicon solar cells (sc-Si). However, one of the latest solutions are perovskite solar cells (PSC), which are considered the future of photovoltaics.

The Influence of Horsetail ( L.) Powder and Horsetail-Based Silica on the Crystallization Kinetics of Polylactide.

Biogenic silica (SiO) sourced from living organisms, especially plants such as rice and other cereals, has recently been successfully applied in different polymeric compositions. Another rich source of biogenic silica is common horsetail ( L.), containing up to 25% SiO in the dry matter.

Enhancing Crop Resilience: The Role of Plant Genetics, Transcription Factors, and Next-Generation Sequencing in Addressing Salt Stress.

Salt stress is a major abiotic stressor that limits plant growth, development, and agricultural productivity, especially in regions with high soil salinity. With the increasing salinization of soils due to climate change, developing salt-tolerant crops has become essential for ensuring food security. This review consolidates recent advances in plant genetics, transcription factors (TFs), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies that are pivotal for enhancing salt stress tolerance in crops.

Removal of Pesticides from Lemon and Vegetables Using Electrolyzed Water Kitchen Devices.

The possibility of using kitchen electrolyzed water devices (EWDs) for removing residual concentrations of pesticides (malathion, fenitrothion, and p,p'-DDT) from lemon, cucumber, and carrot surfaces was tested. Three commercial devices with different parameters were tested, and their effectiveness was compared with traditional washing methods using water. Based on the results, it was found that by using EWDs, the best removal of water-soluble pesticides was achieved with malathion and fenitrothion (reduction of up to 80%).

Modulatory effects of in ovo delivery of galactooligosaccharide and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum on antioxidant capacity, gene expression, and selected plasma metabolite parameters of broiler chickens.

A stable gut microbiota promotes a healthy gut and enhances immune function, antioxidant status, and metabolic activities in chickens. The present research work aimed to investigate the modulatory impacts of in ovo delivery of prebiotic and probiotic on oxidative stress, the intestinal transcriptome, and various plasma metabolites in chickens. Fertilized Ross 308 eggs were administered in ovo either with galactooligosaccharide (GOS) (3.