[B vitamins and diseases of the peripheral nervous system].

Various diseases of the peripheral nervous system are associated with metabolic disorders of B vitamins. A lack of neurotropic vitamins, which began in the early stages of the development of a bacterial disease, led to its more rapid development. The article analyzes data on B vitamin deficiency in the pathogenesis of the most dangerous diseases of the peripheral nervous system.

[A rare variant in the TTR gene (p.E112K) is associated with systemic amyloidosis and a new symptom - skin hyperemia in response to ethanol intake: family segregation analysis, literature review, and a clinical case. Case report].

Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR-amyloidosis) is a systemic disorder associated with extracellular deposition in the tissues and organs of amyloid fibrils, transthyretin-containing insoluble protein-polysaccharide complexes. The change in transthyretin conformation, leading to its destabilization and amyloidogenicity, can be acquired (wild type, ATTRwt) and hereditary due to mutations in the gene (variant, ATTRv) [1, 2]. Hereditary ATTR-amyloidosis has an earlier onset and greater phenotypic diversity.

[Ocular myasthenia gravis].

The article describes an urgent medical and social problem - the diagnosis and treatment of the ocular myasthenia gravis. Despite recent advances in the study of synaptic pathology, the diagnosis of the ocular form of myasthenia gravis remains a challenging problem. This is due to the poor information content of laboratory and electromyographic methods in the diagnosis of ocular myasthenia gravis, and the generalized myasthenia gravis manifests in 90% of cases by external ophthalmoplegia and ptosis.

[Risk factors and adherence to treatment of patients with cerebrovascular diseases].

Objective: To assess the representation of risk factors and treatment adherence in patients with cerebrovascular diseases.

Material And Methods: A single-stage cross-sectional non-comparable study was conducted, which included 492 patients, of whom 133 had an ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (main group, MG), 344 had chronic cerebrovascular pathology (comparison group, CG). The representation of risk factors, the state of cognitive functions, the severity of anxiety and depression were evaluated.

[Cognitive impairment in patients with atrial fibrillation].

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a serious medical and social problem, being a common cause of ischemic stroke (IS) and cognitive impairment (CI), often reaching the degree of dementia. The most common cause of CI in patients with AF is transferred IS or repeated IS. In a significant part of patients with AF who have undergone IS, CI is detected directly in the acute period of the disease and progresses subsequently.

[Possibilities of morphological diagnosis of amyloid in the subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy specimens].

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the results of histological examination of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) biopsy specimens versus the diagnostic value of drugs manufactured by different procedures.

Material And Methods: The investigators selected and analyzed the results of biopsy studies with the simultaneous production of two different types of tissue specimens (squashed native specimens, sections from the paraffin blocks) from the abdominal SAT biopsy specimens obtained from 118 patients. In each case, the tissue specimens were stained with Congo red and examined in polarized light, concurrently using the positive control.

[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis].

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (AEM) is an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), usually single-phase. In WREM, multiple lesions of the central nervous system of an inflammatory-demyelinating nature accompanied by extremely polymorphic neurological disorders develop acutely or subacutely. The review considers the issues of epidemiology, trigger factors of the inflammatory process, clinical manifestations, differential and molecular diagnostics of WECM, and outlines the ways for further study of this pathology.

[Venous thromboembolic complications in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of various heparin therapy regimens for venous thromboembolic complications in patients with acute cerebral circulatory disorders of the hemorrhagic type.

Material And Methods: In a prospective single-center study, treatment results of 62 patients with hypertensive brain hematoma were analyzed. All patients were divided into two comparable groups: the group of «very early» prophylactic heparin therapy or the first 48 hours from the moment of the disease (=35) and the group of «early» prophylactic heparin therapy, or later than 48 hours from the moment of the intracerebral hematoma development (=27).

[A medicinal liver injury with an immunomodulatory drug of natural origin. Case report].

As practice shows, there are many alternative drugs that cause drug damage to the liver. A case of medicinal damage to the liver with an immunomodulatory herbal preparation Immunostimulating collection, which included St. John's wort, Elecampane, Kopeichnik, Echinacea, Licorice, Rosehip, is presented.

[Results of endovascular treatment of acute tandem occlusion of internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries].

Objective: To evaluate the results of endovascular treatment of patients with ischemic stroke caused by acute tandem occlusion of the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries (ICA and MCA).

Material And Methods: Endovascular intervention was performed in 8 patients with tandem occlusion of ICA and MCA. The neurological deficit on admission was 17.

[Electroencephalography in acute stroke].

Objective: To determine the incidence of non-convulsive status epilepticus, epileptiform activity, rhythmic and periodic patterns in patients with acute stroke.

Material And Method: An analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) in 86 stroke patients in the neurointensive care unit of the tertiary medical center was performed. Criteria for starting EEG recording were epileptic seizures or clinical suspicion of uncontrolled epileptic status.

[Endovascular treatment of tandem occlusion of internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries in acute ischemic stroke].

The paper presents the literature data concerning the results and surgical approaches to the treatment of tandem occlusion in the ICA system. The authors describe two clinical cases of endovascular treatment of tandem ipsilateral occlusion of ICA and middle cerebral artery (MCA). In both cases, the cause of two-level occlusion was complicated by thrombosis atherosclerotic plaque in ICA in the extracranial part with distal thromboembolism in SMA.

Case of thrombosis of the portal vein and its branches in a patient seropositive for Borrelia antigens.

Borreliosis after sucking ticks is an acute problem in the world. People do not go to doctors after that often, which leads to the development of various complications. Thrombosis of veins of various localization can be one of them.

[Prognosis for surgical treatment of pharmacoresistant epilepsy: the role of mental and cognitive disorders].

This review focuses on the role of mental and cognitive disorders in the prognosis for surgical treatment of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. The authors analyze historical aspects of the surgical treatment of epilepsy and present current data on the prognosis of operative intervention with respect to seizure control, cognitive functioning, and psychiatric disorders. The psychiatrist's role in the structure of preoperative and postoperative management of patients is considered.

[Posttraumatic seizures: a prospective cohort study].

Aim: To evaluate the incidence and risk factors for posttraumatic seizures (PTS).

Material And Methods: The authors conducted a prospective study of 237 patients with TBI of varying severity. The patients were hospitalized and examined in Moscow neurosurgery departments.

[Pharmacoeconomic aspects of monotherapy of focal epilepsy].

Aim: To perform a clinical/economic comparison of monotherapy with antiepileptic drugs (AED) in patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy (FE) based on the results of previous studies.

Material And Methods: The most common AEDs (carbamazepine (CBZ), oxcarbazepine (OXZ), lamotrigine (LTG), lacosamide (LCM)) were compared in patients, aged 16 years and over, with illness duration of five years.

Results And Conclusion: CBZ, OXZ and LCM can be used as monotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed FE.

[Surgical treatment patients with drug-resistant unilateral MRI-positive temporal forms of epilepsy].

Aim: To evaluate the results of surgical treatment of patients with unilateral MRI-positive temporal forms of drug-resistant epilepsy.

Material And Methods: A prospective analysis of 50 patients with unilateral MRI-positive temporal forms of drug-resistant epilepsy, who had undergone resective surgery in the Scientific Research Institute of Emergency Medicine of N.V.

[Uncomplicated female urinary tract infections comprehensive therapy].

Urinary tract infections are among the most common infectious diseases. Due to high recurrence rates and the increasing resistance of uropathogens to antibacterial drugs, phytotherapy has become an important treatment option in modern urology. Phytotherapeutic medications are characterized by a wide spectrum of pharmacological action, efficacy, and low toxicity, thus allowing for a long term use for treating and preventing many chronic diseases without the risk of adverse effects.

[Treatment for ventricular arrhythmias in the absence of structural heart disease: from guidelines to clinical practice].

Aim: To determine criteria for choosing management tactics in patients with ventricular arrhythmias (VA) in the absence of structural heart disease from the point of view of physicians and patients in clinical practice and to compare the immediate results of antiarrhythmic drug therapy (ADT) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with the trends in arrhythmic syndrome in the non-treatment group.

Subjects And Methods: Examinations were made in 90 patients (23 men and 67 women) (mean age, 44 (31; 57) years) with VA in the absence of structural heart disease. Preference was given to RFA (n = 32 (36%)), ADT (n = 37 (41%)), and follow-up tactics (n = 21 (23%)).

[Results of a randomized double blind parallel study on the efficacy and safety of tolpersione in patients with acute nonspecific low back pain].

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tolpersione injection and oral formulations combined with NSAID over NSAID monotherapy in acute non-specific low back pain.

Material And Methods: In this randomized double blind study 239 patients were included in the per protocol analysis. The first 5 days of treatment, patients received tolpersione or placebo injection which was followed by per os administration of tolpersione/placebo tablet up to 14 days.

[Cognitive impairment. The effects of seizures?].

This review discusses articles on cognitive impairments developing after one or more convulsive seizures. Cognitive disorders seem to be frequent complications of epilepsy. According to recent clinical studies, the intensity of cognitive declines depends on a frequency and severity of seizures.

Attitudes towards people with epilepsy in Moscow.

Purpose: To assess the knowledge and attitudes in Moscow towards people with epilepsy (PWE).

Methods: Data were collected from 1167 adults, permanent residents of Moscow, who were interviewed. A 10-item questionnaire was used addressing three major domains: familiarity with epilepsy (2 questions), understanding of epilepsy (5 questions), and attitude towards the PWE (3 questions).

[Early reconstruction of supra-aortic vessels as a prevention of recurrent ischemic stroke].

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of supra-aortic vessels reconstruction within acute period of stroke.

Material And Methods: Early surgery was performed in 7 patients aged 67±9 years. Revascularization was made after 4.

[Outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy].

Aim: To evaluate the results of surgical treatment of patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy.

Material And Methods: Examination and surgical treatment of 61 patients with pharmacoresistant forms of symptomatic epilepsy were performed from 01.01.