A historical overview of IPPE program administrators' roles and responsibilities at US colleges and schools of pharmacy.

Introduction: The objective of this research was to determine changes in introductory pharmacy practice experience (IPPE) program administrators' demographics, roles, and responsibilities over time, and reflect on internal and external forces resulting in these shifts. This information provides an opportunity for schools to improve functioning of their IPPE administrative offices.

Methods: A 2020 web-based questionnaire was sent to IPPE program administrators at 141 fully accredited and candidate status colleges and schools of pharmacy (hereafter referred to as schools).

Implementation of a Shared Pediatric Pharmacy Elective During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, educators were forced to identify innovative teaching strategies to deliver high-quality learning experiences to students. In spring 2021, faculty at Butler College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences and Purdue University College of Pharmacy collaborated to successfully implement a shared pediatric pharmacy elective at both institutions.

Designing Cancer Warning Labels for Alcoholic Beverages: Examining the Impact of Visual Elements.

Alcohol is a known carcinogen. However, public awareness of cancer risk associated with alcohol use is low. A promising approach to raising awareness is to include cancer warning labels on alcohol-containing products, but there is limited knowledge of the design and effect of such warnings.

Foundational Skill-Building in a Novel Well-being Curriculum.

Introduction: Mental illness and decreased well-being are pervasive throughout physician assistant (PA) training, and the accreditation standards require a wellness curriculum. The purpose of this study was to determine if a mandatory, multifaceted virtual wellness curriculum can mitigate the decline in well-being experienced by first-year PA students.

Methods: First-year PA students from 5 programs (n = 259) participated in a 16-week asynchronous virtual course.

Sequence and Structural Motifs Controlling the Broad Substrate Specificity of the Mycobacterial Hormone-Sensitive Lipase LipN.

has a complex life cycle transitioning between active and dormant growth states depending on environmental conditions. LipN (Rv2970c) is a conserved mycobacterial serine hydrolase with regulated catalytic activity at the interface between active and dormant growth conditions. LipN also catalyzes the xenobiotic degradation of a tertiary ester substrate and contains multiple conserved motifs connected with the ability to catalyze the hydrolysis of difficult tertiary ester substrates.

A Comparison of Instructions for Use Documents and Manufacturer Produced Administration Videos for Biological Products.

Objectives: To compare Instructions for Use (IFU) and Manufacturer Produced Administration Videos (MPAV) for biological products to describe if they are highly similar or different. To identify differences between the two that may lead to medication errors and to point out possible solutions to optimize safety.

Methods: We screened 139 biological products having both an IFU and a MPAV.

How are we going to treat Chinese people during the pandemic? Media cultivation of intergroup threat and blame.

This study integrates cultivation and intergroup threat theories to examine media cultivation effects during the COVID-19 pandemic. We argue that U.S.

QTc prolongation risk among patients receiving oral targeted antineoplastic medications: A real-world community-based oncology analysis.

Introduction: Thirty oral targeted antineoplastic agents are associated with prolongation of the QT interval. However, limited data exists regarding QTc prolongation and associated risk factors in the ambulatory oncology setting.

Methods: This retrospective study was completed to describe QTc prolongation incidence among patients receiving oral targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and identify potential risk factors in the ambulatory community-based oncology clinic.

Assessment of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Veterans Taking Basal/Bolus Insulin Regimens.

Background: Clinical use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) is well established as add-on therapy to oral medications and basal insulin. However, there is little published data regarding the use of GLP-1 RAs for longer than 12 months in patients taking basal/bolus insulin regimens. The primary goal of our study was to assess the long-term efficacy of GLP-1 RAs as add-on therapy to basal/bolus insulin regimens.

Changes in clinical markers observed from pharmacist-managed cardiovascular risk reduction clinics in federally qualified health centers: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Reductions in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) have been associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes and savings in medical expenditures. One public health approach has involved pharmacists within primary care settings. The objective was to assess change in HbA1C from baseline after 3-5 months of follow up in pharmacist-managed cardiovascular risk reduction (CVRR) clinics.

Student Perceptions of Online (Virtual) vs In-Person Interprofessional Education Simulation During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if a statistically significant difference existed between student perceptions of virtual (online) vs traditional in-person IPE simulation.

Methods: Students (n = 397) from eight health professions at one northeastern university attended either a virtual or an in-person IPE session during the spring 2021 semester. Students were allowed to choose which session type to attend.

Improving Safety by Evaluating the Impact of the Supply Chain and Drug Shortages on Health-Systems.

The COVID-19 pandemic has shown how fragile our healthcare supply chain is with product delays, drug shortages, and labor shortages being exacerbated in recent years. This article reviews current threats to the healthcare supply chain that impact patient safety and highlights potential solutions for the future. A review of the literature was conducted, and important up-to-date resources associated with drug shortages and supply chain were analyzed to build foundational knowledge.

Melatonin Versus Trazodone for the Treatment of New Onset Insomnia in Hospitalized Adult Patients.

New-onset insomnia and other sleep disturbances occur more frequently in the inpatient setting due to a variety of physical and psychological factors. Studies have found that non-pharmacologic interventions can be effective in treating insomnia in the inpatient setting, particularly in the ICU, to prevent adverse outcomes, but further research is needed to identify optimal pharmacologic interventions. To compare treatment outcomes of patients initiated on melatonin and trazodone to treat new-onset insomnia in non-ICU hospitalized patients based on the need for an additional sleep aid therapy during hospitalization and to compare the rate of adverse events of each agent.

Evaluating the Virology and Evolution of Seasonal Human Coronaviruses Associated with the Common Cold in the COVID-19 Era.

Approximately 15-30% of all cases of the common cold are due to human coronavirus infections. More recently, the emergence of the more severe respiratory coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, have highlighted the increased pathogenic potential of emergent coronaviruses. Lastly, the current emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has demonstrated not only the potential for significant disease caused by emerging coronaviruses, but also the capacity of novel coronaviruses to promote pandemic spread.

Narrative Sense-Making During COVID-19: Using Stories to Understand Birth in a Global Pandemic.

Women who gave birth in the spring and summer of 2020 contended with a host of challenging factors. In addition to facing pregnancy, labor, and delivery during an emerging global pandemic, women grappled with health care restrictions that altered their birth experience. To explore how women made sense of their birth during COVID-19, we analyzed written narratives from 71 women who gave birth in the United States from March to July 2020.

Developing a Genital Training Associate Program.

Genitourinary training associates (GTAs) are individuals educated to teach medical learners invasive exams and procedures using their own body. Through specified protocols, the GTA teaches exam techniques to students in a supportive environment while giving feedback to the learner to optimize skill acquisition. Additionally, this experience can teach best practices for future provider-patient communication.

A Gift You Give Yourself: A Preemptive Intervention for Student Mental Health.

Introduction: Burnout, stress, and compromised mental health are known issues for clinical trainees. Various interventions have shown efficacy, but they are generally training-based and therefore not practical for "just in time" use when a student is struggling. Stigma surrounding mental health is another challenge to this aspect of wellness.

Meeting the Accreditation Standard for Diversity.

While increasing diversity has been an ongoing concern in physician assistant (PA) education, there is now a concentrated focus on diversity, equity, inclusion, and social justice, elevating these to top priorities. To achieve the goal of diversifying the PA workforce, PA programs, with their institution's support, must systematically inculcate strategies for overcoming and dismantling barriers against students of color and students underrepresented in medicine (URiM). These strategies should disrupt the status quo and expand structural processes that ensure successful diversification of students, especially URiM students, LGBTQ students, students from medically underserved areas, and first-generation college students.

Implications of Entrustable Professional Activities for Motivation and Learning.

Introduction: This study sought to explore the experience of entrustable professional activity-based assessment and its effect on self-determination, a well-supported measure of motivation. The goal was to understand EPA-based assessment's implications for student motivation, learning, and wellbeing.

Methods: A qualitative case study design was utilized through a standardized simulation activity with EPA-based assessment.

An Evaluation of the Quality of CPR Chest Compressions Performed on Football-Equipped and Obese Simulation Manikins.

Objective: Protective athletic equipment may hamper the delivery of effective chest compressions. Unfortunately, an algorithm for managing cardiac arrest emergencies with equipment-laden athletes has yet to be established by national CPR certifying agencies. Further, athletes classified as being overweight or obese carry adipose in the thoracic region, which has been reported to inhibit the ability of rescuers to provide quality chest compressions.

Ancient DNA reveals admixture history and endogamy in the prehistoric Aegean.

The Neolithic and Bronze Ages were highly transformative periods for the genetic history of Europe but for the Aegean-a region fundamental to Europe's prehistory-the biological dimensions of cultural transitions have been elucidated only to a limited extent so far. We have analysed newly generated genome-wide data from 102 ancient individuals from Crete, the Greek mainland and the Aegean Islands, spanning from the Neolithic to the Iron Age. We found that the early farmers from Crete shared the same ancestry as other contemporaneous Neolithic Aegeans.

Impact of diabetes (type 2) and glycemic control on health-related outcomes of patients receiving chemotherapy for non-metastatic breast cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Purpose: To examine the impact of diabetes (type 2) and glycemic control on healthcare-related outcomes (healthcare utilization, adverse effects, and treatment modifications) in non-metastatic breast cancer (NMBC) patients during chemotherapy treatment.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 243 NMBC patients (stages 1-3) with/without diabetes receiving neoadjuvant or adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy. The primary study endpoint was to compare healthcare utilization between NMBC patients with and without diabetes.

Revealing underlying factors of absenteeism: A machine learning approach.

Introduction: The basis of support is understanding. In machine learning, understanding happens through assimilated knowledge and is centered on six pillars: big data, data volume, value, variety, velocity, and veracity. This study analyzes school attendance problems (SAP), which encompasses its legal statutes, school codes, students' attendance behaviors, and interventions in a school environment.

Use of multimodality imaging, histology, and treatment feasibility to characterize a transgenic -null rat model of glioblastoma.

Many drugs that show potential in animal models of glioblastoma (GBM) fail to translate to the clinic, contributing to a paucity of new therapeutic options. In addition, animal model development often includes histologic assessment, but multiparametric/multimodality imaging is rarely included despite increasing utilization in patient cancer management. This study developed an intracranial recurrent, drug-resistant, human-derived glioblastoma tumor in Sprague-Dawley - knockout rat and was characterized both histologically and using multiparametric/multimodality neuroimaging.