Treatment with Carnitine Enhances Bone Fracture Healing under Osteoporotic and/or Inflammatory Conditions.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of carnitine on bone healing in ovariectomy (OVX) and inflammation (INF)-induced osteoporotic rats. The rats were randomly divided into nine groups (n = 8 animals per group): sham-operated (Group 1: SHAM); sham + magnesium silicate (Mg-silicate) (Group 2: SHAM + INF); ovariectomy (Group 3: OVX); ovariectomy + femoral fracture (Group 4: OVX + FRC); ovariectomy + femoral fracture + Mg-silicate (Group 5: OVX + FRC + INF); ovariectomy + femoral fracture + carnitine 50 mg/kg (Group 6: OVX + FRC + CAR50); ovariectomy + femoral fracture + carnitine 100 mg/kg (Group 7: OVX + FRC + CAR100); ovariectomy + femoral fracture + Mg-silicate + carnitine 50 mg/kg (Group 8: OVX + FRC + INF + CAR50); and ovariectomy + femoral fracture + Mg-silicate + carnitine 100 mg/kg (Group 9: OVX + FRC + INF + CAR100). Eight weeks after OVX, which allowed for osteoporosis to develop, INF was induced with subcutaneous Mg-silicate.

The propre-save study: effects of probiotics and prebiotics alone or combined on necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants.

Objective: To test the efficacy of probiotic and prebiotic, alone or combined (synbiotic), on the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.

Study Design: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at 5 neonatal intensive care units in Turkey. VLBW infants (n = 400) were assigned to a control group and 3 study groups that were given probiotic (Bifidobacterium lactis), prebiotic (inulin), or synbiotic (Bifidobacterium lactis plus inulin) added to breastmilk or formula for a maximum of 8 weeks before discharge or death.

Relationship between placental localisation, birth weight, umbilical Doppler parameters, and foetal sex.

Background/aim: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between placental localisation, birth weight, and foetal sex. It also evaluates umbilical artery Doppler parameters and their relationship with placental localisation.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study of 500 healthy pregnant women who gave birth at our university.

The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and coronary artery ectasia.

Introduction: The pathophysiology of coronary artery ectasia (CAE) has not been clearly identified although multiple abnormalities including arteritis, endothelial dysfunction, and atherothrombosis have been reported. The role of vitamin D deficiency suggests cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, and hypertension. Vitamin D deficiency activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which affects the cardiovascular system.

The use of real-time elastography in the assessment of gallbladder polyps: preliminary observations.

Aims: Gallbladder polyps often have a benign nature. Current guidelines suggest surgical removal of polyps greater than 10 mm. However, the accuracy of the size criteria is limited because neoplasia can be found in gallbladder polyps less than 10 mm.

Brain malformations associated with Knobloch syndrome--review of literature, expanding clinical spectrum, and identification of novel mutations.

Background: Knobloch syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive, developmental disorder characterized by stereotyped ocular abnormalities with or without occipital skull deformities (encephalocele, bone defects, and cutis aplasia). Although there is clear heterogeneity in clinical presentation, central nervous system malformations, aside from the characteristic encephalocele, have not typically been considered a component of the disease phenotype.

Methods: Four patients originally presented for genetic evaluation of symptomatic structural brain malformations.

Scrotal calculi in clinical practice and their role in scrotal pain: A prospective study.

Purpose: Scrotal calculi are rare, and their clinical significance is uncertain. Scrotal pain is a frequent, hard-to-manage problem in urology clinics. Our purpose in this study was to determine the relationship between the presence of scrotal calculi and scrotal pain in a prospective manner.

The Relationship Between Blood Monocyte Count and Coronary Artery Ectasia.

Background: The pathophysiology of coronary artery ectasia (CAE) has not been clearly identified, although multiple abnormalities including arteritis, endothelial dysfunction, and atherothrombosis have been reported. It is known that monocytes play an important role in inflammation, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. We aimed to compare the numbers of monocyte counts of the CAE patients versus controls.

Effect of hepatitis C virus infection on the right ventricular functions, pulmonary arterypressure and pulmonary vascular resistance.

Background: Hepatitis secondary to infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of themost common causes of viral hepatitis worldwide. Multiple extrahepatic manifestations of HCV infection have been recognized. In this study we aimed to examine right ventricular systolic functions and pulmonary artery pressure in HCV patients.

Acute temporal lobe infarction in a young patient associated with marijuana abuse: An unusual cause of stroke.

Background: Cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events associated with drug abuse have been frequently reported, particularly in young patients. The drugs include generally cocaine, heroin, and amphetamines. Although marijuana is among the widely used narcotics in the world, stroke associated with the marijuana use is infrequently reported.

A giant case of pyonephrosis resulting from nephrolithiasis.

Pyonephrosis is an uncommon disease that is associated with suppurative destruction of the renal parenchyma in adults. Upper urinary tract infection and obstruction play a role in its etiology. Immunosuppression from medications (steroids), diseases (diabetes mellitus, AIDS), and anatomic variations (pelvic kidney, horseshoe kidney) may also be risk factors for pyonephrosis.

Is there a relationship between the grade of maternal hydronephrosis and birth weight of the babies?

Mild hydronephrosis may be present in upto 90% of pregnancies. The degree of hydronephrosis was determined by maximal calyceal diameter (MCD). The aim of this study is to investigate whether there is a relationship between grade of maternal hydronephrosis and birth weight of the babies.

Relationship between serum bilirubin concentration and nondipper hypertension.

Background: Although nondipper hypertension has been associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, the relationship between bilirubin levels and nondipper hypertension remains unclear. Several studies have demonstrated that higher serum bilirubin levels inhibit inflammation and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, which may suggest a relationship between serum bilirubin levels and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to compare serum bilirubin levels between dipper and nondipper hypertensive patients.

Do cigarette smoke and vitamin E affect the development of endometrial pinopods? An animal study.

Objectives: To study the effects of cigarette smoke and vitamin E on the development of endometrial pinopods.

Study Design: Eighteen female and 12 male Swiss albino mice, 12-14 weeks old, with a mean weight of 25g (standard deviation 5g) were used in this study. Female mice were divided into three equal groups.

Association between p16(CDKN2A) C540G polymorphism and tumor behavior in prolactinoma: A single-center study.

Pituitary tumors usually originate as benign sporadic adenomas and develop into invasive and aggressive tumors such as prolactinomas, which are common functioning pituitary adenomas. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between the tumor behavior in prolactinomas and the p16(CDKN2A) gene polymorphism occurring at the 3'-untranslated region of exon 3 (C540G). A total of 104 patients with prolactinoma were included and assigned to two groups based on invasive vs.

Low-dose imipramine for treatment of panic disorder during pregnancy: a retrospective chart review.

Although imipramine is one of the antidepressants that could be effective in the treatment of panic disorder, data on its usage for this diagnosis in the pregnancy period are limited. This report presents the results of 16 pregnant women with panic disorder without comorbid diagnosis who underwent low-dose imipramine (10-40 mg/d) treatment. According to the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale, 12 (75%) of 16 women responded to the treatment.

Does vitamin E prevent tubal damage caused by smoking? A light microscopy and animal study.

Objective: To assess the histomorphological effects of smoking on the cilia of fallopian tubes in mice and the effect of vitamin E on the negative effects of smoke.

Study Design: Eighteen 12-14 week-old Swiss albino type female mice were randomly divided into three groups, each consisting of six mice: Group A: control group; Group B: mice exposed to cigarette smoke; Group C: mice exposed to cigarette smoke together with vitamin E. Groups B and C were exposed to cigarette smoke for 10 weeks.

Comparison of efficacy and safety of once- versus twice-daily insulin detemir added on to oral antidiabetics in insulin-naive type 2 diabetes patients: 24-week, crossover, treat to target trial in a single center.

Aim: To compare once- versus twice-daily insulin detemir added on OADS therapy in insulin-naive type 2 diabetes patients in terms of efficacy and safety.

Methods: An open-label study performed at a single center, comprised a randomized, crossover 24 week with insulin-naive type 2 diabetes patients. Insulin detemir was initiated with mean 0.

Evaluation of Tp-e interval and Tp-e/QT ratio in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a chronic inflammatory viral disorder. Several studies have suggested that the interval from the peak to the end of the electrocardiographic T wave (Tp-e) may correspond to the transmural dispersion of repolarisation and that increased Tp-e interval and Tp-e/QT ratio are associated with malignant ventricular arrhythmias. Impaired autonomic function has been described in patients with CHB.

The Relationship Between Serum Bilirubin Concentration and Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Several studies have demonstrated that higher serum bilirubin inhibits the inflammation and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells; also there is a relationship between serum bilirubin and cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between bilirubin and atrial fibrillation (AF) is still unknown. In our study, we compared serum bilirubin, between nonvalvular AF patients and controls.

The prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders in patients with euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a comparative study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the current prevalence of major depression and anxiety disorders in patients with euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and euthyroid goiter.

Method: The study sample was formed by consecutive 51 and 45 patients who were admitted to the endocrinology outpatient clinic and diagnosed with euthyroid HT and endemic/nonendemic goiter, respectively, and 68 healthy controls. Current diagnoses of psychiatric disorders were determined using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV.

Urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin levels in patients with senile cataracts.

Background: The antioxidant melatonin effectively scavenges highly toxic hydroxyl radicals. Decreases in circulating melatonin levels have been reported in patients with diseases that become more serious with advancing age. The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between circulatory melatonin level and the extent of senile cataracts.

Eccentric/concentric training of ankle evertor and dorsiflexors in recreational athletes: muscle latency and strength.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a combined eccentric-concentric exercise program of the ankle evertors and dorsiflexors on the latency time of the peroneus longus and tibialis anterior muscles. Twenty-four healthy male recreational athletes were admitted to this study and were randomly assigned to either the exercise group (n = 12) or the control group (n = 12). Subjects in the exercise group performed an isokinetic exercise program of the ankle evertors and dorsiflexors in a combined eccentric-concentric mode for 3 days per week for 6 weeks.

Bilateral thoracic ganglion cyst : a rare case report.

Ganglion cysts usually arise from the tissues around the facet joints. It is usually associated with degenerative cahanges in facet joints. Bilateral thoracic ganglion cysts are very rare and there is no previous case that located in bilateral intervertebral foramen compressing the L1 nerve root associated with severe radiculopathy.

Prognostic significance of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2/neu, Ki-67, and nm23 expression in patients with invasive breast cancer.

Purpose: To determine the prognostic significance of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2/neu, Ki-67, and nm23 immunohistochemical expression with respect to progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in Turkish patients with invasive breast cancer (IBC).

Methods: Patients with IBC (n = 81; mean age = 51.9 ± 11.