Acetylation-Mediated Post-Translational Modification of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Plays a Critical Role in the Regulation of the Cellular Acetylome During Metabolic Stress.

Cardiac diseases remain one of the leading causes of death globally, often linked to ischemic conditions that can affect cellular homeostasis and metabolism, which can lead to the development of cardiovascular dysfunction. Considering the effect of ischemic cardiomyopathy on the global population, it is vital to understand the impact of ischemia on cardiac cells and how ischemic conditions change different cellular functions through post-translational modification of cellular proteins. : To understand the cellular function and fine-tuning during stress, we established an ischemia model using neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes.

Effect of respiration and exercise on seismocardiographic signals.

Background: Seismocardiographic signals (SCG) are chest wall vibrations induced by mechanical cardiac activities. This study investigated the morphological changes in the SCG signal due to respiration and exercise.

Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects were recruited, and SCG was acquired before and after exercise.

Editorial for the special issue on "microbiomes in extremes of aging".

This special issue of the Journal of Experimental Gerontology explores the dynamic interplay between microbiomes and aging-related conditions. The four selected studies highlight the role of microbiota in Alzheimer's disease, cancer immunotherapy, myocardial infarction and tryptophan metabolism, providing insights into how microbiomes influence health and disease in aging. These studies underscore the potential for microbiome-targeted interventions to mitigate aging-related disorders and improve the quality of life for older adults.

Diverse polysaccharide production and biofilm formation abilities of clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Klebsiella pneumoniae infections have become a growing threat for human health. The lack of understanding of the relationship between antibiotic resistance, mucoviscosity, and biofilm formation impedes our abilities to effectively predict K. pneumoniae infection outcomes.

Variables Affecting the Histological Quality of Prostate Core Biopsy Samples in Cancer Detection.

The examination of the prostate biopsy procedure is essential in the optimization of the diagnostic pathway of such a prevalent affliction as prostate cancer among men worldwide. With the core needle biopsy being the standard of care for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, the ability to obtain quality core samples is directly related to patient treatment and diagnostic reliability. Needle deflection and dynamic tissue deformation are two chief sources of unrepresentative samples outside of human error.

Airway-resident memory CD4 T-cell activation accelerates antigen presentation and T-cell priming in draining lymph nodes.

Specialized memory CD4 T cells that reside long-term within tissues are critical components of immunity at portals of pathogen entry. In the lung, such tissue-resident memory (TRM) cells are activated rapidly after infection and promote local inflammation to control pathogen levels before circulating T cells can respond. However, optimal clearance of Influenza A virus can require TRM and responses by other virus-specific T cells that reach the lung only several days after their activation in secondary lymphoid organs.

Climate change and Vibrio vulnificus dynamics: A blueprint for infectious diseases.

Climate change is having increasingly profound effects on human health, notably those associated with the occurrence, distribution, and transmission of infectious diseases. The number of disparate ecological parameters and pathogens affected by climate change are vast and expansive. Disentangling the complex relationship between these variables is critical for the development of effective countermeasures against its effects.

Racial differences in carcinoma-in-situ and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer mortality: Accounting for insurance status, black segregation, and neighborhood poverty.

Background: Few Bladder Cancer (BC) studies have examined the role of area-level variables. The purpose of this study was to examine racial differences in BC survival to elucidate if insurance status and contextual covariates could explain Black disadvantage in survival.

Method: Using the Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models (sHR), five-year survival time was calculated from the date of diagnosis until the last day of follow-up or the date of death due to BC in Florida 2000-2014 (n = 32,321).

EXOSOMES FROM CYCLIC MICE MODULATE LIVER TRANSCRIPTOME IN ESTROUPAUSE MICE INDEPENDENT OF AGE.

Background: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells that contain microRNAs (miRNAs). These miRNAs can induce changes in gene expression and function of recipient cells. In different cells exosome content can change with age and physiological state affecting tissues function and health.

Adiponectin Signaling Modulates Fat Taste Responsiveness in Mice.

Background/objectives: Adiponectin, the most abundant peptide hormone secreted by adipocytes, is a well-known homeostatic factor regulating lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. It has been shown that the adiponectin receptor agonist AdipoRon selectively enhances cellular responses to fatty acids in human taste cells, and adiponectin selectively increases taste behavioral responses to intralipid in mice. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the physiological effects of adiponectin on fat taste in mice remains unclear.

HIV Protein Nef Induces Cardiomyopathy Through Induction of Bcl2 and p21.

HIV-associated cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of death in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Although antiretroviral drugs suppress the viral load, they fail to remove the virus entirely. HIV-1 Nef protein is known to play a role in viral virulence and HIV latency.

A deep learning method to integrate extracelluar miRNA with mRNA for cancer studies.

Motivation: Extracellular miRNAs (exmiRs) and intracellular mRNAs both can serve as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for various diseases. However, exmiR expression data is often noisy, and obtaining intracellular mRNA expression data usually involves intrusive procedures. To gain valuable insights into disease mechanisms, it is thus essential to improve the quality of exmiR expression data and develop noninvasive methods for assessing intracellular mRNA expression.

Marker-Dependent Cleavage of RNA by Binary (split) DNAzyme (BiDz) and Binary DNA Machines (BiDM).

Oligonucleotide gene therapy (OGT) can be used to suppress specific RNA in cells and thus has been explored for gene therapy. Despite extensive effort, there is no clinically significant OGT for treating cancer. Low efficiency of OGT is one of the problems.

Four-Dimensional Printing of Multi-Material Origami and Kirigami-Inspired Hydrogel Self-Folding Structures.

Four-dimensional printing refers to a process through which a 3D printed object transforms from one structure into another through the influence of an external energy input. Self-folding structures have been extensively studied to advance 3D printing technology into 4D using stimuli-responsive polymers. Designing and applying self-folding structures requires an understanding of the material properties so that the structural designs can be tailored to the targeted applications.

The N-terminus of the effector Tarp engages the host Hippo pathway.

is an obligate, intracellular Gram-negative bacteria and the leading bacterial STI in the United States. 's developmental cycle involves host cell entry, replication within a parasitophorous vacuole called an inclusion, and induction of host cell lysis to release new infectious particles. During development, manipulates the host cell biology using various secreted bacterial effectors.

Atypical Mycobacterium abscessus BlaRI Ortholog Mediates Regulation of Energy Metabolism but Not β-Lactam Resistance.

Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab) is highly drug resistant, and understanding regulation of antibiotic resistance is critical to future antibiotic development. Regulatory mechanisms controlling Mab's β-lactamase (Bla) that mediates β-lactam resistance remain unknown. S.

Effect of senolytic drugs in young female mice chemically induced to estropause.

Aims: This study aimed to assess metabolic responses and senescent cell burden in young female mice induced to estropause and treated with senolytic drugs.

Main Methods: Estropause was induced by 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) injection in two-month-old mice. The senolytics dasatinib and quercetin (D + Q) or fisetin were given by oral gavage once a month from five to 11 months of age.

Small organic osmolytes accelerate actin filament assembly and stiffen filaments.

Actin filament assembly and mechanics are crucial for maintenance of cell structure, motility, and division. Actin filament assembly occurs in a crowded intracellular environment consisting of various types of molecules, including small organic molecules known as osmolytes. Ample evidence highlights the protective functions of osmolytes such as trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), including their effects on protein stability and their ability to counteract cellular osmotic stress.

Enhancing Sensitivity in Nucleic Acid Detection via Collaborative Multiple Catalytic Cores in DNAzyme Nanomachines.

We introduce a multicore DNA nanomachine (MDNM), utilizing four binary DNAzymes for nucleic acid detection without the need for a preamplification step. This innovation remarkably yields a reduction in limit of detection (LOD), over 5-fold, as compared to single-core systems. This reduces the required test time thus highlighting the potential of MDNM in advancing nucleic acid detection.