Sex-dependent modulation of caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in C57BL/6J mice.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a life-threatening condition, with a higher mortality rate in men than women and in which estrogens might play a protective role. This study aimed to investigate sex-dependent differences in a mouse model of caerulein-induced AP. Thirty-six C57BL/6J mice (19 females and 17 males) were treated intraperitoneally with phosphate-buffered saline or caerulein, and sacrificed 12 hours, 2 days, or 7 days after the last injection.

Learning About Their Condition: The Gradual Path of Young People With Childhood-Onset Motor Disabilities.

Aim: Young people with childhood-onset motor disabilities face unique challenges in understanding and managing their condition. This study explored how they learnt about their condition.

Method: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted in 2023-2024 at a Swiss paediatric neurorehabilitation unit.

Success Rate of Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy in Children Younger Than 1 Year With Idiopathic Congenital Aqueductal Stenosis and Long-term Follow-up.

Introduction: The indication for endoscopic third ventriculostomy is often contested in children younger than 1 year. This study aims to establish the benefits of this modality in children with idiopathic congenital aqueductal stenosis.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on patients <1 year old with idiopathic congenital aqueductal stenosis undergoing endoscopic third ventriculostomy between 2004 and 2020.

Bots in white coats: are large language models the future of patient education? a multi-center cross-sectional analysis.

Objectives: Every year, around 300 million surgeries are conducted worldwide, with an estimated 4.2 million deaths occurring within 30 days after surgery. Adequate patient education is crucial, but often falls short due to the stress patients experience before surgery.

Could less be enough: sublobar resection vs lobectomy for clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer patients with visceral pleural invasion or spread through air spaces.

Background: While recent randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that sublobar resection is non-inferior to lobectomy, the comparative efficacy of these procedures remains uncertain for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; ≤ 3 cm) exhibiting invasive features postoperatively, such as visceral pleural invasion (VPI) or spread through air spaces (STAS).

Materials And Methods: To identify eligible studies, a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science was conducted through 25 July 2024. Studies were screened according to predefined criteria in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

A Novel Technique for rapid localization of pulmonary nodules on-site in Operating Room Followed by Lung Resection: a Case Series.

Background: The localization of pulmonary nodules is crucial for surgical intervention. However, a safe, simple, and efficient method remains elusive. This study aims to evaluate the safety and feasibility of a newly developed preoperative localization method for pulmonary nodules called Rapid Localization of Pulmonary Nodules On-Site (RLPN-OS).

Non-enhanced abbreviated MRI as a periodic surveillance protocol for colorectal liver metastases compared with contrast-enhanced CT: a prospective observational study.

Background: Adopting appropriate noninvasive radiological method is crucial for periodic surveillance of liver metastases in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients after surgery, which is closely related to clinical management and prognosis. This study aimed to prospectively enroll stage II-III CRC patients for the surveillance of liver metastases, and compare the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) and non-enhanced abbreviated MRI (NE-AMRI) during this process.

Methods: 587 CRC patients undergoing radical resection of the primary tumor were evaluated by 1 to 3 rounds of surveillance tests, consisting of abdominal CE-CT and contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) within 7 days at 6-month intervals.

Optimizing the life of vascular access during follow-up.

Optimizing the longevity of vascular access in hemodialysis patients remains a critical aspect of patient care, given the significant role of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) and arteriovenous grafts (AVGs) in enabling effective dialysis. Vascular access complications, such as stenosis, thrombosis, and cannulation-related damage, continue to challenge both the functionality and the sustainability of these access points. Recent advancements underscore the importance of a robust follow-up strategy, integrating clinical evaluations with diagnostic tools like color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and emerging interventional approaches such as drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) for Management of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS).

Objectives: Complex regional pain syndrome remains a challenging condition characterized by severe, persistent pain and a variety of inflammatory and trophic symptoms. This study aimed to analyze the current literature to evaluate hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT)'s efficacy in treating complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), focusing on both sympathetically-maintained pain (SMP) and sympathetically-independent pain (SIP) subtypes.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed Clinical Queries using the MeSH term "Complex Regional Pain Syndromes" OR the keyword "CRPS" AND "Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy" OR the keyword "HBOT".

Utilising Free Middle Turbinate Mucosal Grafts to Reconstruct the Septal Donor Site Following Nasoseptal Flap Harvesting in Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Sellar and Parasellar Lesions.

Introduction: The nasoseptal flap (NSF) has become a widely favoured choice for reconstructing skull base defects following the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA). However, the exposed septal cartilage and bone at the donor site often require an extended duration for secondary healing. This study investigated whether the free middle turbinate (MT) mucosa grafting at the septal donor site could mitigate post-operative nasal morbidity.

IGF2BP3 is upregulated in endometrial cancer and tightly regulates the growth of drug-resistant endometrial cancer cells via HMGA1.

Objective: Endometrial cancer (EC) is a malignant tumor with various histological subtypes and molecular phenotypes. The evaluation of drug resistance is important for cancer treatment. Progesterone resistance is the major challenge in EC.

Design, Synthesis and Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation of 3-Substituted 5-Amidobenzoate Derivatives as Novel P2Y Receptor Antagonists via Structure-Guided Molecular Hybridization.

The P2YR is activated by UDP and UDP glucose and is involved in many human inflammatory diseases. Based on the molecular docking analysis of currently reported P2YR antagonists and the crystallographic overlap study between PPTN and compound , a series of 3-substituted 5-amidobenzoate derivatives were designed, synthesized, and identified as promising P2YR antagonists. The optimal compound (methyl 3-(1-benzo[]imidazol-2-yl)-5-(2-(-tolyl) acetamido)benzoate, IC = 0.

Application of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Parameters of Metastatic Axillary Lymph Nodes in Breast Cancer Patients in Predicting the Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Early Stage.

Background: To investigate the performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) parameters of metastatic axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) before and after two courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients in predicting the efficacy of NAC.

Methods: A total of 41 postoperative breast cancer patients were selected. All patients underwent NAC, and ALN biopsy was positive before chemotherapy.

Nuclear blebs are associated with destabilized chromatin packing domains.

Disrupted nuclear shape is associated with multiple pathological processes including premature aging disorders, cancer-relevant chromosomal rearrangements, and DNA damage. Nuclear blebs (i.e.

Sophoricoside Inhibited Glioblastoma Cell Progression Through Activated AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK).

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor, with a mean survival of less than 2 years. Unique brain structures and the microenvironment, including blood-brain barriers, put great challenges on clinical drug development. Sophoricoside (Sop), an isoflavone glycoside isolated from seeds of Sophora japonica L.

Cannabinoids for Acute Postoperative Pain Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.

Background: Poor acute postoperative pain control, coupled with the use of intravenous medications with a limited and unsafety efficacy spectrum, has led to new therapeutic alternative explorations to reduce adverse events while increasing its analgesic efficacy. There cannabinoids have been proposed as a useful control agent in post-surgical pain. Nevertheless, to date, there is no solid evidence to evaluate them.

The diagnostic accuracy of plasma and serum calprotectin is inferior to C-reactive protein in patients with suspected Crohn's disease.

Background And Aims: Prior studies indicate that serum calprotectin (SC) and plasma calprotectin (PC) can be used as biomarkers in Crohn's disease (CD). The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of SC and PC in patients with a clinical suspicion of CD.

Method: This biobank study included patients from a prospective, blinded, multicenter study examining minimally invasive modalities for diagnosing CD.

Comprehensive Hematological and molecular Characterization of hemoglobin Hekinan [α27(B8)Glu→Asp(α1), :c.84G > T] in a Large Thai cohort.

Background: Hemoglobin (Hb) Hekinan is a prevalent α-globin variant frequently missed in thalassemia screening centers using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or capillary electrophoresis. This study aims to investigate the hematological and molecular characteristics of Hb Hekinan in a large cohort.

Methods: Hb variants were identified using isoelectric focusing (IEF) and HPLC.

Refractory and Resistant Herpes Simplex Virus Mucocutaneous Infections in Immunocompromised Patients: Literature Review and Proposed Definitions for Use in Clinical Trials.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is one of the most prevalent viral infections worldwide. In general, host immunity is sufficient to clear viral shedding and recurrences, although it is insufficient to prevent subsequent virologic reactivations. In immunocompromised patients, prolonged and difficult-to-treat HSV infections may develop.

Thigh Injections of Cabotegravir + Rilpivirine in Virally Suppressed Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: A Substudy of the Phase 3b ATLAS-2M Study.

Background: Cabotegravir + rilpivirine (CAB + RPV) administered via intramuscular gluteal injections is the first complete long-acting regimen for maintaining human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virologic suppression. We present substudy results on short-term repeat intramuscular CAB + RPV long-acting thigh injections in participants with ≥3 years of experience with gluteal administration during the ATLAS-2M study.

Methods: Substudy phases included screening, thigh injection (day 1-week 16), and return to gluteal injection (week 16-week 24).

Impact of atrial fibrillation on productivity in working-age patients: an analysis of Swiss-AF prospective cohort study data.

Aims: We aimed to explore atrial fibrillation (AF)-induced productivity losses in working-age atrial fibrillation patients and to estimate atrial fibrillation-related indirect costs.

Methods: Between 2014 and 2017, the Swiss Atrial Fibrillation prospective cohort study (Swiss-AF) enrolled 217 working-age patients with documented atrial fibrillation. Self-reported changes in professional activity and the reasons thereof were descriptively analysed over 8 years of follow-up or until patients reached the retirement age.

PP2A Attenuates Thoracic Aneurysm and Dissection in Mouse Models of Marfan Syndrome.

Background: Recent studies show that hyperactivation of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling plays a causal role in the development of thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection. Modulation of PP2A (protein phosphatase 2A) activity has been shown to be of significant therapeutic value. In light of the effects that PP2A can exert on the mTOR pathway, we hypothesized that PP2A activation by small-molecule activators of PP2A could mitigate AA progression in Marfan syndrome (MFS).