Effect of Methionine Supplementation on Rumen Microbiota, Fermentation, and Amino Acid Metabolism in In Vitro Cultures Containing Nitrate.

This study evaluated the effect of methionine on in vitro methane (CH) production, rumen fermentation, amino acid (AA) metabolism, and rumen microbiota in a low protein diet. We evaluated three levels of methionine (M0, 0%; M1, 0.28%; and M2, 1.

Thermal Comfort Index for Lactating Water Buffaloes under Hot and Humid Climate.

Heat stress results in serious performance losses and adversely affects animal health and welfare under various production systems. This study was conducted to develop a thermal comfort model for lactating buffaloes under hot and humid climate. Twenty Nili-Ravi buffaloes were randomly enrolled for this one-year study.

Curcumin mediates autophagy and apoptosis in granulosa cells: a study of integrated network pharmacology and molecular docking to elucidate toxicological mechanisms.

Curcumin (Cur) is a flavonoid derived from L. that has been shown to have a variety of biological activities, but some previous studies have described its non-negligible negative effects on female reproduction and embryo development. To further explore the toxic stress effect, this study investigated apoptosis and autophagy of healthy buffalo () derived granulosa cells (GCs) exposed to Cur and/or autophagy inhibitors.

Physiological, oxidative and metabolic responses of lactating water buffaloes to tropical climate of South China.

Background: Heat stress in tropics is generally associated with significant economic losses resulting from reduced performance, morbidity, and mortality of livestock. To avoid serious consequences of heat stress, it is imperative to better understand the physiological responses and biochemical changes under the state of altered body homeostasis during different seasons of the year.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the seasonal dynamics of physiological, oxidative and metabolic responses of lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes to the tropical climate of South China.

Reproductive roles of novel adipokines apelin, visfatin, and irisin in farm animals.

The adipose tissue has a substantial impact on reproduction in mammals, specifically in females. As an energy depository organ, it is precisely associated with the reproductive success of mammals. Adipose tissue secretes many single molecules that are called 'adipokines' which mainly act as endocrine hormones.

Association analysis between FASN genotype and milk traits in Mediterranean buffalo and its expression among different buffalo tissues.

Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a multifunctional protein that catalyzes the synthesis of long-chain saturated fatty acid. In this study, we identified the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and their association with milk traits in Mediterranean buffalo, and the expression of FASN gene in different tissues was measured. Nine SNPs (g.

Integration of transcriptomics and non-targeted metabolomics reveals the underlying mechanism of follicular atresia in Chinese buffalo.

Follicular atresia is a complex physiological process, which results in the waste of follicles and oocytes from the ovary. Elucidating the physiological mechanism of follicular atresia will hopefully reverse the fate of follicles, thereby improve the reproductive efficiency of female animals. However, there are still many gaps to be filled during the follicular atresia process.

An integrated gene catalog and over 10,000 metagenome-assembled genomes from the gastrointestinal microbiome of ruminants.

Background: Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiomes in ruminants play major roles in host health and thus animal production. However, we lack an integrated understanding of microbial community structure and function as prior studies. are predominantly biased towards the rumen.

Consequences of herbal mixture supplementation on milk performance, ruminal fermentation, and bacterial diversity in water buffaloes.

This study was aimed to evaluate the potential of a herbal mixture (HM) to improve production performance, rumen fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in water buffaloes. Sixteen Murrah buffaloes (in four groups) were fed for 10 weeks with the same basal diet supplemented with 0 (control); 20 (HM20), 30 (HM30), and 40 (HM40) g/buffalo per day. The herbal mixture contained an equal quantity of black pepper (fruit), ginger (tubers), cinnamon (bark), peppermint (leaves), ajwain (seeds) and garlic (bulbs).

Fucoidan from Inhibits Expression of GLUT9 and URAT1 via PI3K/Akt, JNK and NF-κB Pathways in Uric Acid-Exposed HK-2 Cells.

This work aimed to investigate the effect of fucoidan (FPS) on urate transporters induced by uric acid (UA). The results showed that UA stimulated the expression of glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) and urate transporter 1 (URAT1) in HK-2 cells, and FPS could reverse the effect. Moreover, UA could activate NF-κB, JNK and PI3K/Akt pathways, but both pathway inhibitors and FPS inhibited the UA-induced activation of these three pathways.

Effect of feeding calcium propionate supplemented cotton seed cake on milk yield, milk composition and aflatoxin concentration in lactating buffaloes.

The objective of the current study was to reduce aflatoxin in a cotton seed cake (csc)-based diet and to decrease M level in milk by treating it with increasing levels of calcium propionate. Sixteen multiparous Nili-Ravi buffaloes were allocated to one of four treatments in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design. The treatments were calcium propionate treatment on csc at 0, 0.

Genetic Features of Reproductive Traits in Bovine and Buffalo: Lessons From Bovine to Buffalo.

Bovine and buffalo are important livestock species that have contributed to human lives for more than 1000 years. Improving fertility is very important to reduce the cost of production. In the current review, we classified reproductive traits into three categories: ovulation, breeding, and calving related traits.

Effect of zinc chloride and sodium selenite supplementation on maturation, oxidative biomarkers, and gene expression in buffalo () oocytes.

This study examined the effects of zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) supplementation in maturation medium on in vitro maturation (IVM) rate, oxidative biomarkers and gene expression in buffalo oocytes. Ovaries from a slaughterhouse were aspirated and good quality cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) with at least four layers of compact cumulus cells and evenly granulated dark ooplasm were selected. COCs were randomly allocated during IVM (22 h) to one of four treatment groups: (1) control maturation medium (basic medium), or basic medium supplemented with (2) ZnCl2 (1.

Sperm binding to hyaluronan is an excellent predictor of Nili-Ravi buffalo bull fertility.

This study reports the first evaluation of sperm hyaluronan binding assay (HBA) for predicting the fertility of Nili-Ravi buffalo bulls in relation to standard parameters of sperm quality. Cryopreserved semen doses of low (n = 6), medium (n = 3) and high fertility (n = 8) bulls based on their respective return rates were used. Significantly, more spermatozoa bound to hyaluronan from the most fertile bulls (57.

Identification and phylogenetic analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Fuzhong buffalo (Artiodactyla: Bovidae).

Fuzhong buffalo ( Linnaeus, 1758 breed Fuzhong, FB) is one of the famous indigenous breeds of buffalo in China. It is the first time that the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the FB was reported. The total length of the mtDNA is 16,363 bp, It contains the typical structure, including 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes and one non-coding control region (D-loop region).

Identification and phylogenetic analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Mediterranean buffalo (Artiodactyla: Bovidae).

Mediterranean buffalo ( Linnaeus, 1758 breed Mediterranean, MEB) is one of the best milk-producing breeds in river-type buffaloes in the world. It is the first time that the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the MEB was reported. The total length of the mtDNA is 16,357 bp, It contains the typical structure, including 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes and 1 non-coding control region (D-loop region).

Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet-Microbe Interaction.

Ruminants inhabit the consortia of gut microbes that play a critical functional role in their maintenance and nourishment by enabling them to use cellulosic and non-cellulosic feed material. These gut microbes perform major physiological activities, including digestion and metabolism of dietary components, to derive energy to meet major protein (65-85%) and energy (ca 80%) requirements of the host. Owing to their contribution to digestive physiology, rumen microbes are considered one of the crucial factors affecting feed conversion efficiency in ruminants.

Potential of Mulberry Leaf Biomass and Its Flavonoids to Improve Production and Health in Ruminants: Mechanistic Insights and Prospects.

Leaf biomass from the mulberry plant (genus and family ) is considered a potential resource for livestock feeding. Mulberry leaves (MLs) contain high protein (14.0-34.

Knockdown of CYP19A1 in Buffalo Follicular Granulosa Cells Results in Increased Progesterone Secretion and Promotes Cell Proliferation.

Cytochrome P450 aromatase 19A1 (CYP19A1) is a critical enzyme in estrogen synthesis. However, the effect of CYP19A1 on cell growth and hormone secretion of buffalo follicular granulosa cells (BFGCs) is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to assess the role of CYP19A1 in cell proliferation and hormone secretion of BFGCs by knocking down CYP19A1 mRNA expression.