Radiomic Consensus Clustering in Glioblastoma and Association with Gene Expression Profiles.

Background/objectives: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary central nervous system tumor with extremely poor prognosis and survival outcomes. Non-invasive methods like radiomic feature extraction, which assess sub-visual imaging features, provide a potentially powerful tool for distinguishing molecular profiles across groups of patients with GBM. Using consensus clustering of MRI-based radiomic features, this study aims to investigate differential gene expression profiles based on radiomic clusters.

Whole genome sequence-based association analysis of African American individuals with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

In studies of individuals of primarily European genetic ancestry, common and low-frequency variants and rare coding variants have been found to be associated with the risk of bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ). However, less is known for individuals of other genetic ancestries or the role of rare non-coding variants in BD and SZ risk. We performed whole genome sequencing of African American individuals: 1,598 with BD, 3,295 with SZ, and 2,651 unaffected controls (InPSYght study).

Auditory and Visual Thalamocortical Connectivity Alterations in Unmedicated People with Schizophrenia: An Individualized Sensory Thalamic Localization and Resting-State Functional Connectivity Study.

Background: Converging evidence from clinical neuroimaging and animal models has strongly implicated dysfunction of thalamocortical circuits in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Preclinical models of genetic risk for schizophrenia have shown reduced synaptic transmission from auditory thalamus to primary auditory cortex, which may represent a correlate of auditory disturbances such as hallucinations. Human neuroimaging studies, however, have found a generalized increase in resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) between whole thalamus and sensorimotor cortex in people with schizophrenia (PSZ).

High organofluorine concentrations in municipal wastewater affect downstream drinking water supplies for millions of Americans.

Wastewater receives per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from diverse consumer and industrial sources, and discharges are known to be a concern for drinking water quality. The PFAS family includes thousands of potential chemical structures containing organofluorine moieties. Exposures to a few well-studied PFAS, mainly perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAA), have been associated with increased risk of many adverse health outcomes, prompting federal drinking water regulations for six compounds in 2024.

Impact of sinus surgery on nasal discharge in chronic rhinosinusitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Nasal discharge is one of the cardinal symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis, impacting over 50% of patients. For patients with symptoms refractory to standard medical therapy, endoscopic sinus surgery is an option. The objective of this study is to characterize how nasal discharge improves after surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Herpes Simplex Pneumonitis Presenting As Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Septic Shock.

We present a case report of a 72-year-old female with a history of stage III rectal adenocarcinoma undergoing chemotherapy who developed neutropenic sepsis and acute respiratory failure. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) due to worsening respiratory status and was subsequently diagnosed with disseminated herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This case highlights the challenges in diagnosing and managing HSV infection in critically ill patients and emphasizes the importance of early recognition and appropriate treatment in improving patient outcomes.

Nasal Valve Considerations in Mohs Reconstruction.

Airway obstruction is a possible sequela following reconstruction of the nose after Mohs excision of skin cancers. While the principles and goals of tissue replacement after Mohs micrographic surgery are well-established, less attention has been paid to the evaluation of the nasal airway after reconstruction. Reconstructive planning begins with understanding the risk factors associated with the development of nasal valve compromise.

Lower ACLR Failure Rates in Bone-Soft Tissue Versus Soft Tissue-Only Allografts in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: While allografts are commonly used for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), evidence to guide specific allograft selection is lacking.

Purpose: To compare clinical and graft failure rates after ACLR using soft tissue-only allografts and bone-soft tissue allografts in adults.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4.

Effect of magnetized water on the fundamental grouting properties of cement grout under varying magnetization conditions.

The development and modification of grouting materials constitute crucial factors influencing the effectiveness of grouting. Given the pivotal role of water in the hydration of cement-based composite materials and construction processes, this study proposes an exploratory approach using green, economical magnetized water technology to enhance the performance of cement grouts. The research systematically investigates the effects of magnetized water on the fundamental grouting properties (stability, rheological behavior, and stone body strength) of cement grouts, prepared under varying magnetization conditions (including magnetic intensity, water flow speed, and cycle times).

The Utility of Preoperative Phenylephrine Testing in Müller Muscle Conjunctival Resection Surgery for Involutional Ptosis.

Purpose: Phenylephrine testing prior to Müller muscle conjunctival resection has traditionally been used to predict postoperative outcomes. The purpose of this study is to determine if preoperative phenylephrine testing impacts postoperative changes in eyelid position.

Methods: In this multicenter cross-sectional cohort study, 270 eyelids of participants with involutional ptosis and levator function >12 mm who underwent Müller muscle conjunctival resection were divided into 2 comparison groups.

Perspectives Toward COVID-19 Sanctions in the Orthodox Jewish Community in Brooklyn and Queens: A Qualitative Study of Medical Providers Experience.

The Ultra-Orthodox (Haredi) Jewish Community in New York City suffered significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The community came under public scrutiny after some members staunchly advocated for reopening of certain resources central to community culture. This study utilizes qualitative techniques to examine the perspectives of medical providers that serve the Haredi community toward pandemic-related government sanctions, as well as the resultant effects the restrictions had on community receipt of healthcare.

Iloprost: Old and New Indications.

Iloprost is a synthetic long-acting prostacyclin-analog drug used to treat various vascular diseases. The Federal Drug Administration approved the drug in 2004 for pulmonary arterial hypertension, and it has since been shown to be helpful in other vascular conditions such as scleroderma and Raynaud phenomenon. The Federal Drug Administration has now approved the use of iloprost for severe frostbite.

The Cumulative Burden of Social Risk Factors and 10-Year Change in Quality of Life.

Background: Social risk factors are linked to adverse health outcomes, but their total impact on long-term quality of life is obscure. We hypothesized that a higher burden of social risk factors is associated with greater decline in quality of life over 10 years.

Methods: We examined associations between social risk factors count and decline >5 points in (i) physical component summary, and (ii) mental component summary scores from the Short Form-12 among Black and White participants in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study (n = 14 401).

Long COVID in transgender and gender nonbinary people in the United States.

Despite recommendations in the US National Research Action Plan on Long COVID, gender identity is rarely reported in research and surveillance used to guide public health programming and clinical care. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional study of COVID-19 in a nationwide sample of transgender and nonbinary (TNB) people (N = 2,134). Participants were surveyed between June 14, 2021 and May 1, 2022.

Importance of reference group selection in the evaluation of cancer incidence.

Elevated cancer incidence has been reported among World Trade Center (WTC)-exposed responders, with some incidence rate ratios (IRRs) varying over time. This study describes the influence that different reference populations have on relative cancer incidence and temporal trends. Participants from the WTC Combined Rescue/Recovery Cohort (n = 65,691) were observed between 1/1/2002 and 12/31/2015 using data obtained from 13 state cancer registries.

Impact Assessment Through Interrupted Time Series: Divergent Influences of Stay-at-Home Order on Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Areas in NYC Shooting Incidents.

This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and stay-at-home (SAH) orders on gun violence in New York City (NYC), with a focus on variations across neighborhood demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Using a 4-year longitudinal and geospatial analysis, we investigate the relationship between socioeconomic factors (e.g.

Longitudinal associations between intersectional stigmas, antiretroviral therapy adherence, and viral load among women living with HIV using multidimensional latent transition item response analysis.

Background: In the US, Women, especially Black and Latina women living in disadvantaged environments, are disproportionally affected by HIV. Women living with HIV (WLHIV) have higher rates of suboptimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, and detectable viral load (VL). Experiences of intersectional poverty, HIV, gender, and racial stigmas may increase the rates of detectable VL through suboptimal ART adherence.

Development of a rapid screener to elicit patient preferences for antiseizure medication discontinuation.

Objective: While guidelines encourage individualized discussions of the risks and benefits of antiseizure medication (ASM) withdrawal after a period of seizure-freedom, no formal methods exist for assessing patient preferences. We report the initial development of a rapid patient preferences screener.

Methods: We conducted a mixed-methods study of adults who were ≥1 year seizure-free and seen for epilepsy across three institutions.

Self-reported chronic rhinosinusitis diagnoses and symptoms in World Trade Center-exposed and non-World Trade Center-exposed United States firefighters.

Background: Greater World Trade Center (WTC) exposure levels have been associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) diagnoses and symptoms. We aimed to determine whether self-reported CRS is elevated in WTC-exposed Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) firefighters when compared with non-WTC-exposed/non-FDNY firefighters and with the general population.

Methods: The study included male WTC-exposed (N = 7840) and non-WTC-exposed (N = 2771) firefighters who were employed on 9/11/2001 and later completed a health survey.