Robotic versus manual disinfection of global priority pathogens at COVID-19 dedicated hospitals.

Background: Twelve bacterial families were identified as global priority pathogens by the World Health Organization in 2017, recognizing the greatest threat they pose to human health and the declining antibiotic efficacy. Robotics has emerged as a swift and contactless tool for disinfecting bacterial surface contamination in healthcare facilities, however, head-to-head comparison of disinfection efficacy of robotic versus manual disinfections is limited. This study aimed at comparing how robotic disinfection performs over manual disinfection against the global priority pathogens in the healthcare setting.

Magnetite nanoparticles (FeONPs) promote drought tolerance and improve plant health, grain quality and yield in kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).

As a primary abiotic constraint for bean cultivation in semi-arid regions, drought stress significantly impacts both the yield and quality of beans. Foliar application of nanofertilizer has been shown to effectively improve crop yield and nutritional quality while mitigating environmental pollution associated with fertilizer runoff. In this study, we conducted a semi-field study using magnetite nanoparticles (FeONPs) to evaluate its effects on the growth, yield, nutrient quality, photosynthetic parameters, and physiological traits in kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Association Between Cardiothoracic Fellows and Clinical and Financial Outcomes in Coronary Surgery.

Introduction: Mounting financial pressures on academic institutions highlight the need to understand the effect on outcomes from trainee involvement in cardiac surgery. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between cardiothoracic fellows and clinical and financial outcomes in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods: Data for all patients from 2017 to 2022 at a single institution who underwent nonemergent, isolated, open CABG were included in the study, with patients grouped by whether there was fellow operative participation.

A Snapshot of United States Sarcoidosis Patients and their Perceived Disease Impact: Results of the Sarcoidosis Research Institute Survey.

Purpose: The priorities and concerns of sarcoidosis patients in the United States (US) have not been well-described.

Methods: A survey constructed by sarcoidosis patients and doctors was administered to US sarcoidosis patients. The survey queried patients concerning their demographics, disease state, disease impact on health and well-being, health care priorities and impressions of sarcoidosis care.

Management of a COVID-19 outbreak using a multidisciplinary approach and infection prevention control practices at a community living center in Veterans Administration Hospital, North Texas.

Background: The increase in severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cases due to the omicron strain led to reduced acute care hospital beds at the Veterans Administration (VA) Hospital, North Texas; veterans with non-severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease were managed at a community living center (CLC), a VA nursing home. The management of non-severe COVID-19 in VA nursing homes has not been extensively described.

Methods: We describe resident characteristics and outcomes, and infection control practices implemented during 2 COVID-19 outbreak periods (January 12-February 15, 2022, June 28-July 14, 2023).

Pediatric Anesthetic Management of a Patient With an ALG-13 Gene Mutation, a Rare Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation.

Congenital disorders of glycosylation are rare and present a challenge in management due to interactions with intraoperative medications. We present safe and successful anesthetic management of a pediatric patient with an ALG-13 gene mutation.

Utilization of the QuPath open-source software platform for analysis of mammalian spermatogenesis.

The adult mammalian testis is filled with seminiferous tubules, which contain somatic Sertoli cells along with germ cells undergoing all phases of spermatogenesis. During spermatogenesis in postnatal mice, male germ cells undergo at least 17 different nomenclature changes as they proceed through mitosis as spermatogonia (=8), meiosis as spermatocytes (=6), and spermiogenesis as spermatids (=3) [1-6]. Adding to this complexity, combinations of germ cells at each of these stages of development are clumped together along the length of the seminiferous tubules.

Racial and Educational Isolation are Associated with Worse Outcomes in Congenital Heart Disease.

Sociodemographic factors influence outcomes in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). We predict an association between measures of social isolation and outcomes in infants with complex CHD. These measures, racial (RI) and educational (EI) isolation range from 0 to 1, with 0 being no isolation and 1 being fully isolated within a specific population.

Therapeutic doses of efzofitimod demonstrate efficacy in pulmonary sarcoidosis.

Background: In a phase 1b/2a clinical trial of efzofitimod in patients with corticosteroid-requiring pulmonary sarcoidosis, treatment resulted in dose-dependent improvement in key end-points. We undertook a analysis pooling dose arms that achieved therapeutic concentrations of efzofitimod (Therapeutic group) those that did not (Subtherapeutic group).

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells incubated with tuberculin-coated beads were exposed to varying concentrations of efzofitimod in an assay to determine concentrations that inhibited granuloma formation.

Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Presenting Primarily as a Cutaneous Leg Lesion: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PCBCL) has three subtypes, among those, the leg type variant is the rarest with the highest rates of relapse and recurrence making it an intriguing focus for researchers. Nevertheless, prior to framing a diagnosis solely based on the lesion's location, it is prudent to reconsider whether it is genuinely a primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PCBCL) or if it aligns more closely with the more prevalent lymphoma variants such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with cutaneous involvement. We are reporting a case of an 85-year-old African American lady, who presented with unilateral left leg DLBCL with cutaneous involvement.

Birds of a feather? Mis- and dis-information on the social media platform X related to avian influenza.

Objective: Social media has become an important tool in monitoring infectious disease outbreaks such as coronavirus disease 2019 and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). Influenced by the recent announcement of a possible human death from H5N2 avian influenza, we analyzed tweets collected from X (formerly Twitter) to describe the messaging regarding the HPAI outbreak, including mis- and dis-information, concerns, and health education.

Methods: We collected tweets involving keywords relating to HPAI for 5 days (June 04 to June 08, 2024).

TP53 gene status can promote sensitivity and resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs and small molecule signal transduction inhibitors.

TP53 is normally a tumor suppressor. However, it is mutated in at least 50% of human cancers. Usually, we assume that mutation of the TP53 is associated with loss of sensitivity to various drugs as in most cases wild type (WT) TP53 activity is lost.

Gastrointestinal cancer incidence after lung transplantation in sarcoidosis patients.

Background: The risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer after lung transplantation (LTx) in sarcoidosis patients is not well defined. Given the cancer risks linked to sarcoidosis and organ transplantation, this study investigated the incidence of GI malignancies (DNM), comparing LTx recipients with sarcoidosis or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Methods: We analyzed data from the United Network for Organ Sharing registry, including adults with sarcoidosis or IPF who underwent LTx between May 2005 and December 2018.

Misalignment of Biostatistics Content Between Licensing Exam Study Aids and Contemporary Medical Research.

Background And Objectives: Medical trainees express difficulty with interpreting statistics in clinical literature. To elucidate educational gaps, we compared statistical methodologies in biomedical literature with biostatistical content in licensing exam study materials.

Methods: In this bibliographic content analysis, we compiled a stratified random sample of articles involving original data analysis published during 2023 in 72 issues of three major medical journals.

FlbB forms a distinctive ring essential for periplasmic flagellar assembly and motility in Borrelia burgdorferi.

Spirochetes are a widespread group of bacteria with a distinct morphology. Some spirochetes are important human pathogens that utilize periplasmic flagella to achieve motility and host infection. The motors that drive the rotation of periplasmic flagella have a unique spirochete-specific feature, termed the collar, crucial for the flat-wave morphology and motility of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.

Comparison between WBGT app prototype and WBGT monitor to assess heat stress risk in an eastern North Carolina outdoor setting.

The wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index is the preferred environmental heat metric for occupational heat-related illness prevention but may not always be readily accessible in the workplace. Thus, there is a need for well-designed WBGT-based tools that are reliable, accessible, and inexpensive. A novel WBGT app prototype was developed to calculate the current and forecasted outdoor WBGT.

Sex-Based Disparities in Treatment and Healthcare Utilization in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Sex-related treatment disparities are well-documented across various medical conditions, yet their impact on the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate sex-based differences in the management of ulcerative colitis (UC), focusing on both medical and surgical approaches and examining whether biological sex correlates with variations in healthcare utilization. : A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases, including MEDLINE (via PubMed), Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect, to identify studies on sex differences in ulcerative colitis (UC) management up to April 2024.

Publication of Medical Student Summer Research: A Multi-institutional Analysis.

Objective: Summer research programs can support medical students' exposure to research and scholarly activity, and strengthen their applications for residency positions, particularly if students are able to generate peer-reviewed publications resulting from their summer experience. We aimed to estimate the rate of publication among medical student summer projects and identify any predictors of projects' progress to publication.

Methods: Projects were identified from abstract books published by five medical schools' summer research programs for rising second-year medical students.

Reduction of N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase-I Activity Promotes Neuroblastoma Invasiveness and EGF-Stimulated Proliferation In Vitro.

Aberrant N-glycosylation has been associated with progression of the pediatric cancer neuroblastoma (NB) but remains understudied. Here we investigated oligomannose N-glycans in NB by genetic editing of in a human NB cell line, BE(2)-C, called BE(2)-C(MGAT1). Lectin binding studies confirmed that BE(2)-C(MGAT1) had decreased complex and increased oligomannose N-glycans.

Maternal resistance exercise increases infant energy expenditure.

Maternal obesity decreases infant energy expenditure, subsequently predisposing infants to greater adiposity and weight gain. Conversely, some findings suggest that maternal exercise may increase infant energy expenditure; however, the impact of maternal exercise mode (i.e.

A mutualistic model bacterium is lethal to non-symbiotic hosts via the type VI secretion system.

What makes a bacterium pathogenic? Since the early days of germ theory, researchers have categorized bacteria as pathogens or non-pathogens, those that cause harm and those that do not, but this binary view is not always accurate. is an exclusive mutualistic symbiont found within the light organs of Hawaiian bobtail squid. This symbiotic interaction requires to utilize a range of behaviors and produce molecules that are often associated with pathogenicity.