A system-based intervention to reduce Black-White disparities in the treatment of early stage lung cancer: A pragmatic trial at five cancer centers.

Background: Advances in early diagnosis and curative treatment have reduced high mortality rates associated with non-small cell lung cancer. However, racial disparity in survival persists partly because Black patients receive less curative treatment than White patients.

Methods: We performed a 5-year pragmatic, trial at five cancer centers using a system-based intervention.

MucR binds multiple target sites in the promoter of its own gene and is a heat-stable protein: Is MucR a H-NS-like protein?

The protein MucR from spp. is involved in the expression regulation of genes necessary for host interaction and infection. MucR is a member of the Ros/MucR family, which comprises prokaryotic zinc-finger proteins and includes Ros from and the Ml proteins from .

A possible dose-response association between distance to farmers' markets and roadside produce stands, frequency of shopping, fruit and vegetable consumption, and body mass index among customers in the Southern United States.

Background: The association between farmers' market characteristics and consumer shopping habits remains unclear. Our objective was to examine associations among distance to farmers' markets, amenities within farmers' markets, frequency of farmers' market shopping, fruit and vegetable consumption, and body mass index (BMI). We hypothesized that the relationship between frequency of farmers' market shopping and BMI would be mediated by fruit and vegetable consumption.

A case of Exophiala oligosperma successfully treated with voriconazole.

Exophiala oligosperma is an uncommon pathogen associated with human infections, predominantly in immunocompromised hosts. Case reports of clinical infections related to E. oligosperma have been limited to 6 prior publications, all of which have shown limited susceptibility to conventional antifungal therapies, including amphotericin B, itraconazole, and fluconazole.

Risk of redocumenting penicillin allergy in a cohort of patients with negative penicillin skin tests.

Background: Even though electronic documentation of allergies is critical to patient safety, inaccuracies in documentation can potentiate serious problems. Prior studies have not evaluated factors associated with redocumenting penicillin allergy in the medical record despite a proven tolerance with a penicillin skin test (PST).

Objective: Assess the prevalence of reinstating inaccurate allergy information and associated factors thereof.

Impact of regular collaboration between infectious diseases and critical care practitioners on antimicrobial utilization and patient outcome.

Objective: Antimicrobial stewardship programs have been shown to help reduce the use of unnecessary antimicrobial agents in the hospital setting. To date, there has been very little data focusing on high-use areas, such as the medical ICU. A prospective intervention was done to assess guideline compliance, antimicrobial expenditure, and healthcare cost when an infectious disease fellow interacts regularly with the medical ICU team.

The impact of penicillin skin testing on clinical practice and antimicrobial stewardship.

Background: Penicillin skin testing (PST) is a simple and reliable way of diagnosing penicillin allergy. After being off the market for 4 years, penicilloyl-polylysine was reintroduced in 2009 as PRE-PEN. We describe the negative predictive value (NPV) of PST and the impact on antibiotic selection in a sample of hospitalized patients with a reported history of penicillin allergy.

Cardiac arrhythmias induced by glutathione oxidation can be inhibited by preventing mitochondrial depolarization.

We have previously proposed that the heterogeneous collapse of mitochondrial inner membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)) during ischemia and reperfusion contributes to arrhythmogenesis through the formation of metabolic sinks in the myocardium, wherein clusters of myocytes with uncoupled mitochondria and high K(ATP) current levels alter electrical propagation to promote reentry. Single myocyte studies have also shown that cell-wide DeltaPsi(m) depolarization, through a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced ROS release mechanism, can be triggered by global depletion of the antioxidant pool with diamide, a glutathione oxidant. Here we examine whether diamide causes mitochondrial depolarization and promotes arrhythmias in normoxic isolated perfused guinea pig hearts.

Comparison of surgical residency applicants from U.S. medical schools with U.S.-born and foreign-born international medical school graduates.

Objective: Compare characteristics of U.S. medical school graduates with U.

Research activities and perspectives of individuals completing a research enrichment program for physiatrists.

Objective: To investigate the research activity and perspectives, and the predictors and barriers to research activity, in a cohort of individuals completing a research enrichment program for physiatrists.

Design: A retrospective cohort study design was utilized. Data collection was accomplished with a mailed survey, which was sent to 68 individuals who had completed the Research Enrichment Program for Physiatrists between 1991 and 1998.

Peroxynitrite inhibits the activity of ornithine decarboxylase.

Polyamines are required during cell proliferation, whereas NO has anti-proliferative properties. Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) is a critical enzyme for the synthesis of polyamines. We tested the hypothesis that the modification of ODC by peroxynitrite (OONO-), a short-lived free radical formed from NO and superoxide produces a fall in ODC activity, and therefore polyamine synthesis and cell proliferation.