Understanding the Concept of Patient Safety Culture: Constitutive and Operational Definitions for Health Care Organizations.

Background: Patient safety culture is crucial for improving health care quality, however, there is no consensus on its definition.

Purpose: This study aimed to clarify and update the concept of patient safety culture.

Methods: We employed Norris' 6-step concept clarification method.

Outcomes after medical treatment for primary aldosteronism: an international consensus and analysis of treatment response in an international cohort.

Background: Primary aldosteronism can be treated medically but there is no standardised method to evaluate treatment outcomes. We aimed to develop criteria for assessing the outcomes of targeted medical treatment of primary aldosteronism, analyse outcomes across an international cohort, and identify factors associated with a complete treatment response.

Methods: An international panel of 31 primary aldosteronism experts used the Delphi method to reach consensus on the definition of complete, partial, or absent biochemical and clinical outcomes of medical treatment of primary aldosteronism.

Clonal Hematopoiesis in Women With Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) has been associated with a variety of adverse outcomes, most notably hematologic malignancy and ischemic cardiovascular disease. A series of recent studies also suggest that CH may play a role in the outcomes of patients with solid tumors, including breast cancer. Here, we review the clinical and biological data that underlie potential connections between CH, inflammation, and breast cancer, with a focus on the prevalence and impact of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential in patients with breast cancer.

Spontaneous oxycodone withdrawal disrupts sleep, diurnal, and electrophysiological dynamics in rats.

Opioid dependence is defined by an aversive withdrawal syndrome upon drug cessation that can motivate continued drug-taking, development of opioid use disorder, and precipitate relapse. An understudied but common opioid withdrawal symptom is disrupted sleep, reported as both insomnia and daytime sleepiness. Despite the prevalence and severity of sleep disturbances during opioid withdrawal, there is a gap in our understanding of their interactions.

Exploring the link between inflammation and brain function after metabolic-bariatric surgery: A year-long fMRI study.

Background: Metabolic-bariatric surgery (MBS) transcends weight loss and offers wide-ranging health benefits, including positive effects on brain function. However, the mechanisms behind these effects remain unclear, particularly in the context of significant postoperative changes in the inflammatory profile characteristic of MBS. Understanding how inflammation influences postoperative brain function can enhance our decision-making on patient eligibility for MBS and create new opportunities to improve the outcomes of this popular treatment.

Perceptions of Palliative Care Among Patients With Kidney Allograft Dysfunction: A Qualitative Study.

Rationale & Objective: Nearly half of kidney transplant recipients develop allograft failure within 10 years of transplantation and experience high mortality, significant symptom burden, and complex communication challenges. These patients may benefit from palliative care, but palliative care is infrequently provided in this population. This study explores palliative care perceptions and needs among patients with poorly functioning and declining kidney allografts.

Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: An appraisal of the 2023 ACR/CHEST guideline.

Purpose Of Review: To summarize the current treatment landscape of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) in the context of the recent 2023 American College of Rheumatology/American College of Chest Physicians guideline for ILD treatment in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

Recent Findings: The guideline conditionally recommends mycophenolate, azathioprine, and rituximab for first-line RA-ILD therapy, with cyclophosphamide and short-term glucocorticoids as additional options. For RA-ILD progression after first line, mycophenolate, rituximab, nintedanib, tocilizumab, cyclophosphamide, and pirfenidone are conditionally recommended, while long-term glucocorticoids are conditionally recommended against.

Improved patient reported outcomes with knotless double-row rotator cuff repair with and without lateral row biceps tenodesis at 2- and 5-years.

Background: The purpose of this study is to report outcomes of an arthroscopic knotless double-row (DR) rotator cuff repair (RCR) technique at 2- and 5- years postoperatively, and to compare clinical outcomes in patients undergoing knotless DR RCR with incorporated lateral row biceps tenodesis (LRT) vs. those without LRT.

Methods: All primary RCR surgeries were performed by a single surgeon at a single institution using a knotless transosseous equivalent (TOE) technique.

Phytic Acid-Induced Gradient Hydrogels for Highly Sensitive and Broad Range Pressure Sensing.

Ionic conductive hydrogels have emerged as an excellent option for constructing dielectric layers of interfacial iontronic sensors. Among these, gradient ionic hydrogels, due to the intrinsic gradient elastic modulus, can achieve a wide range of pressure responses. However, the fabrication of gradient hydrogels with optimal mechanical and sensing properties remains a challenge.

Robust metabolomic age prediction based on a wide selection of metabolites.

Chronological age is a major risk factor for numerous diseases. However, chronological age does not capture the complex biological aging process. the difference between the chronological age and biologically driven aging could be more informative in reflecting health status.

Delivering Guideline-Concordant Care for Patients With High-Risk HPV and Normal Cytologic Findings.

Importance: As US health care systems shift to human papillomavirus (HPV)-based cervical cancer screening, more patients are receiving positive high-risk non-16/18 genotype HPV results and negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM) cytological findings. Risk-based management guidelines recommend 2 consecutive negative annual results to return to routine screening.

Objective: To quantify patterns of surveillance testing and associated outcomes for patients after an HPV-positive results and NILM cytologic findings.

Neural Variability and Cognitive Control in Individuals With Opioid Use Disorder.

Importance: Opioid use disorder (OUD) impacts millions of people worldwide. Prior studies investigating its underpinning neural mechanisms have not often considered how brain signals evolve over time, so it remains unclear whether brain dynamics are altered in OUD and have subsequent behavioral implications.

Objective: To characterize brain dynamic alterations and their association with cognitive control in individuals with OUD.

Differences in Perceived Versus Actual Sensory Perception in Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.

Background: Individuals with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) self-report heightened sensitivity to taste and smell, but neither phenomenon has been systematically explored in the laboratory. We hypothesized that, compared to healthy controls (HC, n = 34), children, adolescents, and adults with full/subthreshold ARFID (n = 100; ages 9 to 23 years) would self-report heightened response to taste/smell stimuli and exhibit stronger bitter taste perception and heightened smell perception in performance-based tasks, and these differences would be especially prominent in those with the ARFID-sensory sensitivity presentation.

Method: We measured self-reported sensitivity to taste/smell with the adolescent/adult sensory profile (AASP).

System- and sample-agnostic isotropic three-dimensional microscopy by weakly physics-informed, domain-shift-resistant axial deblurring.

Three-dimensional subcellular imaging is essential for biomedical research, but the diffraction limit of optical microscopy compromises axial resolution, hindering accurate three-dimensional structural analysis. This challenge is particularly pronounced in label-free imaging of thick, heterogeneous tissues, where assumptions about data distribution (e.g.

Real World Data in Stage III Melanoma in Latino Low Middle Income Country: Prognostic Factors and Outcomes.

Introduction: Malignant melanoma is a heterogeneous disease, with varying outcomes depending on the patient's race and ethnicity. Advanced stages can be tackled by novel targeted therapies and immunotherapy. We aimed to investigate the real-world data in Latino-Hispanic patients diagnosed with Stage III melanoma residing in Peru, a region marked by limited resources and healthcare infrastructure.

Hepcidin, Incident Heart Failure and Cardiac Dysfunction in Older Adults: the ARIC Study.

Aims: Hepcidin regulates plasma and tissue iron levels. We studied the association of hepcidin levels with the risk of incident heart failure (HF) and cardiac dysfunction in older adults.

Methods: We included adults from the ongoing, longitudinal Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study who were free from prevalent anemia and HF at Visit 5 (2011-2013) and had available hepcidin and covariate data.