Adjuvant Atezolizumab for Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: The ALEXANDRA/IMpassion030 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive subtype with a high incidence in young patients, a high incidence in non-Hispanic Black women, and a high risk of progression to metastatic cancer, a devastating sequela with a 12- to 18-month life expectancy. Until recently, one strategy for treating early-stage triple-negative breast cancer was chemotherapy after surgery. However, it was not known whether the addition of immune therapy to postsurgery chemotherapy would be beneficial.

Genetic diversity and selection signatures in sheep breeds.

Natural and artificial selection in domesticated animals can cause specific changes in genomic regions known as selection signatures. Our study used the integrated haplotype score (iHS) and Tajima's D tests within non-overlapping windows of 100 kb to identify selection signatures, in addition to genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium estimates in 9498 sheep from breeds in Ireland (Belclare, Charollais, Suffolk, Texel, and Vendeen). The mean observed and expected heterozygosity for all the sheep breeds were 0.

Evaluating key predictors of anatomical complexity in mandibular incisors: insights from CBCT analysis considering premolar anatomy, sex, and age.

Understanding the impact of premolar root anatomy, sex, and age on incisor complexity can aid in developing tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This study evaluated if the anatomical complexity of mandibular premolars, sex and age can predict the anatomical complexity in mandibular incisors. Using CBCT scans, 3944 mandibular incisors from 493 patients were analyzed.

Quantum chemical studies of carbon-based graphene-like nanostructures: from benzene to coronene.

Context: This study presents quantum chemical analysis of 14 distinct carbon-based nanostructures (CBN), ranging from simple molecules, like benzene, to more complex structures, such as coronene, which serves as an exemplary graphene-like model. The investigation focuses on elucidating the relationships between molecular orbital (MO) energies, the energy band gaps, electron occupation numbers (eON), electronic conduction, and the compound topologies, seeking to find the one that approaches most of a graphene-like structure for in silico studies. Through detailed examination of molecular properties including chemical hardness and chemical potential, we demonstrate that the electronic exchange between orbitals is directly influenced by the structural topology of the carbon-based nanostructures, as the electron occupation numbers and the molecular orbital energies.

A comparative study of ionic pesticide sorption and degradation in contrasting Brazilian soils and the development of a novel 3-Phase Assay to assess sorption reversibility.

Brazilian soils have distinctive characteristics to European and North American soils which are typically used to investigate pesticide fate. This study aimed to compare soil-water partition coefficient (K), reversibility of adsorption and degradation half-life (DT) of 5 pesticides covering a wide range of physico-chemical properties in contrasting Brazilian soils (Argissolo, Gleissolo, Latossolo and Neossolo) and a temperate (UK) alfisol soil, and to study their relationship with soil OM, clay and expandable clay content, CEC and pH. In addition, we used a novel laboratory test to evaluate sorption reversibility, the 3-Phase Assay (3PA).

Influence of Ty3/gypsy and Ty1/copia LTR-retrotransposons on the large genomes of Alstroemeriaceae: genome landscape of Bomarea edulis (Tussac) Herb.

Repetitive elements are the main components of many plant genomes and play a crucial role in the variation of genome size and structure, ultimately impacting species diversification and adaptation. Alstroemeriaceae exhibits species with large genomes, not attributed to polyploidy. In this study, we analysed the repetitive fraction of the genome of Bomarea edulis through low-coverage sequencing and in silico characterization, and compared it to the repeats of Alstroemeria longistaminea, a species from a sister genus that has been previously characterized.

Past and future in vitro and in vivo approaches toward circulating factors and biomarkers in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Predicting the risks of progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) and recurrence of the disease (rNS) following kidney transplantation (KT) is a key assessment to provide essential management information. NS has been categorized etiologically as genetic and immune-based. A genetic cause can be identified in ~ 30% of children with steroid-resistant NS (SRNS), a finding associated with a very low risk of rNS following KT.

Copaiba essential oil carried in a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system improves adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats.

Objectives: Copaiba essential oil (CEO) is obtained through the distillation of copaiba balsam and has been used in the traditional medicine to treat inflammatory conditions. However, the highly lipophilic nature of CEO restricts its pharmaceutical use. This study evaluated the effect of CEO, carried in a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS), on articular and systemic inflammation and liver changes in Holtzman rats with Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis.

Spatiotemporal analysis of visceral leishmaniasis in Belo Horizonte, Brazil: a historical perspective (1994-2018).

Background: In the Americas, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) results from the zoonotic transmission of Leishmania infantum. VL has a high occurrence rate in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte (BH), Minas Gerais, Brazil, and has rapidly spread throughout the municipality since it was first recorded in 1994. This research analysed a historical perspective over 25 y of human VL occurrence in BH.

The interplay between individual capacities and pair performance according to the experience in Acrobatic Gymnastics.

The interplay between individual capacities and group performance provides insights for different tasks and contexts. So far, little is known about the individual capacities of base and top gymnasts and mechanical efficiency during pair tasks of Acrobatic Gymnastics. This work aims to investigate: (1) the effect of the pair experience in the mechanical efficiency during a pair task; (2) the effect of the individual training experience in the gymnasts' individual capacities, and (3) the contribution of individual capacities and pair mechanical efficiency to the performance of a partner-assisted flight task.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and psychometric properties of the Finnish version of the Malocclusion Impact Questionnaire (MIQ).

Objectives: This study aimed to translate and adapt the Malocclusion Impact Questionnaire (MIQ) into Finnish; to estimate its psychometric properties when applied to Finnish adolescents; and to estimate the effect of demographic characteristics on the perceived impact of malocclusion.

Methods: The Finnish version of MIQ (MIQ-Fi) was established through translation, back-translation, and a pilot study. Psychometric properties were estimated using factorial validity (confirmatory factor analysis [CFA]), convergent validity (Average Variance Extracted [AVE]), and reliability (αordinal and ω).

Emergent Carotid Stenting During Thrombectomy in Tandem Occlusions Secondary to Dissection: A STOP-CAD Secondary Study.

The optimal endovascular management of cervical carotid dissection causing tandem occlusion remains uncertain. We investigated the impact of emergent carotid stenting during endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in patients with tandem occlusion secondary to cervical carotid artery dissection. This was a secondary analysis of patients treated with EVT for AIS due to occlusive carotid artery dissection and tandem occlusion included in the retrospective international Antithrombotic Treatment for Stroke Prevention in Cervical Artery Dissection (STOP-CAD) study.

Gas-phase and water-mediated mechanisms for the OCS + OH reaction.

We report a computational study of the gas-phase and water-mediated mechanisms for the oxidation of carbonyl sulfide (OCS) by the hydroxyl radical. To achieve reliable results, we employ a dual-level strategy within interpolated single-point energies (VTST-ISPE) at the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ//M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. In the gas-phase mechanism, we have determined the rate constants by kinetic Monte Carlo simulation in the interval of temperatures of 250-550 K.

Thrombolysis for Ischemic Stroke Beyond the 4.5-Hour Window: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background: A minority of patients with stroke qualify for intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) within 4.5-hour window. The safety and efficacy of IVT beyond this period have not been well studied.

Reporting completeness and methodological quality of guidelines for nutritional care of critically ill patients: A meta-research utilizing Reporting Items for practice Guidelines in HealTh Care (RIGHT) and Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation (AGREE II).

Studies have demonstrated that the quality and transparency of reporting Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) in healthcare are low. This meta-research aimed to evaluate the adherence of nutrition CPGs for critically ill adults to the reporting RIGHT checklist and its association with the methodological quality assessed by AGREE II, along with other potential publication-related factors. A systematic search for CPGs until December 2024 was conducted.

Global Epidemiology and Implications of I148M Variant in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: rs738409 variant is a risk factor for onset and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We aimed to assess its global prevalence, clinical and histological characteristics, and long-term outcomes in patients with MASLD.

Methods: PubMed and Embase databases were searched until December 30, 2023, for observational studies on genotyped adults with MASLD.

Dynamic nonlinear control strategies for resilient heterogeneous vehicle platooning and handling Byzantine attacks in communication networks.

This paper addresses the challenges of maintaining stability in heterogeneous vehicle platooning under the influence of communication disruptions caused by Byzantine attacks within a leader-follower framework. To enhance resilience, we propose a nonlinear control strategy tailored for a third-order heterogeneous dynamic model, integrating leader-follower interconnections with adaptable control gains. Utilizing a constant time headway spacing policy with gap adjustments, we derive control gains that secure internal platoon stability.

Simulation and techno-economic analysis of energy cane pyrolysis for bio-oil production using Aspen Plus.

This work investigates the energy cane pyrolysis by process simulation in Aspen Plus, evaluating which variety maximizes bio-oil yield with further economics to evaluate process feasibility. Three cultivars were selected: two natural, and , and one, IACSP955000, generated by a breeding program. Firstly, 100 kg/h of wet biomass entered a stoichiometric reactor (RSTOIC) at 450 °C and 40 bar, generating biochar, bio-oil and gases.

Internal Breast Lift: A New Method for Performing Internal Mastopexy.

Background: Mastopexy combined with implant placement is a complex cosmetic surgery due to the dual nature of the procedure. Various mammoplasty techniques and implant types add to its intricacy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an internal breast lift in correcting pseudoptosis, grade 1 breast ptosis, and asymmetries, thereby offering a safer alternative with reduced morbidity and avoiding the creation of an inverted T scar.

Evolutionary dynamics of the B chromosomes in the fish species Valenciennes, 1837 of the Paraná River Basin.

The fish species has an interesting B chromosome system, with three morphological types as acrocentric, metacentric, and submetacentric. However, most cytogenetic studies on this species are restricted to the natural population of the Mogi Guaçu River. Given this, the present work aimed to study the structure karyotypic profile as well as the occurrence of supernumeraries in in several localities in the Paraná River basin, where this species is abundant.