Morbidity and factors associated with frailty in post-COVID-19 elderly patients attended at a reference center.

Objective: To assess the morbidity profile and identify factors associated with frailty syndrome in post-COVID-19 elderly patients treated at the only Reference Center for Elderly Health Care in northern Minas Gerais.

Methods: This is a case series study, utilizing the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20 (CFVI-20) and Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) to characterize and evaluate the health condition of the group. To define the variables associated with frailty, a multivariate analysis was conducted.

Nursing care management strategies to address the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To characterize nursing care management strategies for addressing the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: A descriptive, qualitative study conducted with 22 nurse professionals at a University Hospital in Southern Brazil. Data collection through interviews in June and August 2021, analyzed according to Bardin's Content Analysis and the theoretical framework of complex thinking.

Micro and macropolitical determinants for non-vaccination against COVID-19 in pregnant women in Belo Horizonte.

Objective: To analyze the determinants for non-vaccination against COVID-19 in pregnant women in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Methods: An epidemiological study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using data from the project titled "Childbirth and Breastfeeding in Children of Mothers Infected by SARS-CoV-2," developed during the pandemic in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Results: The study sample consisted of 360 pregnant women, of whom 77.

COVID-19: Training activities, adherence, and use of personal protective equipment in Primary Health Care.

Objective: to analyze the association between participation in training activities and the adherence to and use of personal protective equipment by workers and professionals involved in Health Residency Programs in Primary Health Care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: a cross-sectional study in Brazil between August/2020 and March/2021. We utilized the EPI-APS COVID-19 instrument and its adapted version for resident professionals.

Commentary on "Reflections on the Inclusion of Direct-Care Physicians as Educators in Community Hospitals".

The article by Sweigart et al. presents concerns, challenges, and proposals for the current situation, both nationally and internationally, and the need for a diversity of medical care practice scenarios that simultaneously develop teaching abilities. Medical education is now conducted outside the university-affiliated teaching hospital, often in the so-called community or general hospitals dedicated to patient care.

Reflections on the Inclusion of Direct-Care Physicians as Educators in Community Hospitals.

This paper discusses the increasing trend of direct-care physicians taking on teaching roles in community hospitals, both in the United States and Brazil. It highlights the challenges faced by these physicians, who often lack formal pedagogical training and dedicated time for teaching. The text emphasizes the need for structured support, faculty development programs, and collaboration with academic centers to ensure the quality of education in these settings.

Ethical and legal aspects concerning robotic surgery in Brazil.

Robotic surgery is a technological milestone that directly impacts the provision of healthcare services. Procedures that utilize robotics are continuously being developed. In this context, it is important to analyze the distribution of ethical and civil liability among doctors, hospitals, and suppliers of surgical equipment in cases of alleged medical errors or adverse events that may harm patients.

Damage control resuscitation: how it's done and where we can improve. A view of the Brazilian reality according to trauma professionals.

Introduction: Hemorrhage is the leading cause of preventable deaths in trauma patients, resulting in 1.5 million deaths annually worldwide. Traditional trauma assessment follows the ABC (airway, breathing, circulation) sequence; evidence suggests the CAB (circulation, airway, breathing) approach to maintain perfusion and prevent hypotension.

Improving spatial disaggregation of vehicular emission inventories.

Precise estimates of vehicular emissions at fine spatial scales are essential for effective emission reduction strategies. Achieving high-resolution vehicular emission inventories necessitates detailed data on traffic flow, driving patterns, and vehicle speeds for each road network segment. However, in developing countries, the lack of comprehensive traffic data, limited infrastructure, and insufficient monitoring systems constrains the development of high-resolution inventories.

Inhaled xenon modulates microglia and ameliorates disease in mouse models of amyloidosis and tauopathy.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. Antiamyloid antibody treatments modestly slow disease progression in mild dementia due to AD. Emerging evidence shows that homeostatic dysregulation of the brain immune system, especially that orchestrated by microglia, plays an important role in disease onset and progression.

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection over two epidemic waves in Manaus, Brazil: A serological study of seven thousand blood donors.

Background: Most longitudinal studies of COVID-19 incidence have used unlinked samples. The city of Manaus, Brazil, has a blood donation program which allows sample linkage, and was struck by two large COVID-19 epidemic waves between mid-2020 and early 2021.

Methods: We estimated the changing force of infection, i.

Phytochemical Profile, Acute and Subacute Toxicity of Spray-Dried Hydroethanolic Extract from Punica granatum Leaves.

This study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the acute and subacute safety and phytochemical profile of pomegranate leaves, aligning with the growing interest in sustainable, plant-based therapeutics. The phytochemical composition, the acute and subacute toxicity of a spray-dried hydroethanolic extract from pomegranate leaves (SDE) were investigated using experimental animal models. Utilizing UV-visible spectrophotometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), a diverse array of tannins and flavonoids, totaling 38 compounds, was identified.

Design, Synthesis, and Unprecedented Interactions of Covalent Dipeptide-Based Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease and Its Variants Displaying Potent Antiviral Activity.

The main protease (M) of SARS-CoV-2 is a key drug target for the development of antiviral therapeutics. Here, we designed and synthesized a series of small-molecule peptidomimetics with various cysteine-reactive electrophiles. Several compounds were identified as potent SARS-CoV-2 M inhibitors, including compounds (IC = 0.

Incidental Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas: Performance of the AGA, European, and IAP Guidelines in Advising Further Management after Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle Aspiration Biopsy.

Objectives: We compared the performance of AGA-2015, ESG-2018, and IAP-2024 guidelines in referring patients for surgery versus surveillance when applied to incidental after diagnosis by EUS-FNA.

Methods: Single-center, retrospective study with prospective data collection. PLs identified incidentally on CT or MRI/MRCP performed for other diseases with inconclusive imaging results were eligible for analysis.

Lack of TLR9 exacerbates ocular impairment and visual loss during systemic Cryptococcus gattii infection.

Cryptococcus gattii is a saprophytic basidiomycete that grows in the environment and can cause systemic cryptococcosis. Ocular cryptococcosis causes blindness and is commonly associated with central nervous system (CNS) infection. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) can control cryptococcosis and another mycosis.

Evaluating a Public Health Assessment and Response Framework: SARS-CoV-2 Spread Under the Controlled Distancing Model of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

In early 2020, to halt the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the state government of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil established a public health assessment and response framework known as a "controlled distancing model." Using this framework, the government divided the state into 21 regions and evaluated them against a composite index of disease transmission and health service capacity. Regions were assessed using a color-coded scale of flags that was updated on a weekly basis and used to guide the adoption of nonpharmaceutical interventions.

Chemical and in vivo analyses of calcium silicate-based materials in bone and connective tissues.

Aim: Calcium silicate-based cements have been widely used in dentistry mainly due to their physicochemical and biological properties. Commercially available materials use radiopacifiers containing metals (bismuth, tantalum, tungsten and/or zirconium). To investigate volumetric changes, in vivo biocompatibility and systemic migration from eight commercially available materials, including powder/liquid and 'ready-to-use' presentations.

Two-Phase Extraction for Comprehensive Analysis of the Plant Metabolome by NMR.

Metabolomics is the area of research, which strives to obtain complete metabolic fingerprints, to detect differences between them and to provide hypothesis to explain those differences (Schripsema J, Dagnino D, Handbook of chemical and biological plant analytical methods. Wiley, New York, 2015). However, obtaining complete metabolic fingerprints is not an easy task.

Microbiological and toxicity analyses of the synthetic polymer polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride against endodontic microorganisms.

Failures in endodontic treatments are common due to microbial resistance in the pulp canal. The study evaluated the in vitro activity of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMGH) against endodontic strains, as well as in vivo toxicity. Using minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration techniques, PHMGH was effective against all microorganisms, even at low concentrations.

Decontamination of DNA sequences from a Streptomyces genome for optimal genome mining.

Despite meticulous precautions, contamination of genomic DNA samples is not uncommon, which can significantly compromise the analysis of microorganisms' whole-genome sequencing data, thus affecting all subsequent analyses. Thanks to advancements in software and bioinformatics techniques, it is now possible to address this issue and prevent the loss of the entire dataset obtained in a contaminated whole-genome sequencing, where the DNA of another bacterium is present. In this study, it was observed that the sequencing reads from Streptomyces sp.

Carbon-dot pequi-nut in the development of immunosensor to detect pathogenic bacteria.

Carbon dots in biosensing have advanced significantly, adding improvements to different detection techniques. In this study, an amperometric immunosensor for Salmonella Thyphimurium was designed using antibodies labeled with carbon dots (Cdots) from pequi almond (Caryocar brasiliensis). Cdots were synthesized by pyrolysis and characterized by FTIR, UV/fluorescence, electrochemistry, zeta potential, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Vascular outflow reconstruction in right lobe living donor liver transplantation with and without middle hepatic vein.

Although living donor liver transplantation has evolved, small-for-size syndrome remains a feared complication. Achieving optimal outflow for the graft with limited donor risk is possible with an experienced team and different techniques. Here we describe the technical aspects of living donor liver transplantation using a right lobe graft, including the different types of grafts, venous reconstructions and the importance of preoperative workup.

Efficacy and safety of preoperative duloxetine in reducing post-laparoscopic surgery pain: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials.

Background: Recent studies suggest that duloxetine administration before non-laparoscopic surgery may reduce postoperative pain and analgesic requirement without increasing adverse event occurrence.

Aim: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on preoperative administration of duloxetine versus placebo for postoperative pain relief in adults undergoing laparoscopic surgery, assessing efficacy- and safety-related outcomes.

Method: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library, covering all records up to July 19, 2024.

Analysis of the incidence of death, hemorrhage, and neurological deficit in the treatment of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs): surgery versus other treatments - a systematic review.

To evaluate the incidence of mortality, hemorrhage, and neurological deficits in treating intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in patients over 18 through a comparative analysis of surgical approaches and other therapeutic modalities. A systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and LILACS databases in November 2023. Inclusion criteria included clinical trials, cohorts studies, case-controls studies, and case series comparing patients over 18 undergoing surgery or microsurgery versus other treatments (radiosurgery, isolated embolization, and conservative treatment).