Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that has become increasingly prevalent around the world and can be characterized in vivo by amyloid-beta peptide and hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are potential previous stages of AD dementia. Behavioral and psychological symptoms are common in SCD and MCI, but their biological basis is still not clarified.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has brought long-lasting social, emotional, and cognitive consequences. Long COVID is characterized by a myriad of symptoms and complications that persist long after the infection, including cognitive decline and mental health impairment. This study aims to investigate depressive symptoms and cognitive performance stratified by sex and group in adults with and without long COVID.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Subjective Memory Complaints (SMC) are common with aging and might be associated with objective memory impairment (MI) and with higher risk to develop dementia. This association is understudied in socially and ethnically diverse populations, such as Brazilians.

Method: This study uses the baseline data from the ELSI-Brazil, a representative sample of 9402 Brazilians over 50 years.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Some older adults with subjective decline (SCD) had a positive amyloid biomarker indicating a preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: To assess the accuracy of Delayed Recall of Figure Memory Test (DR-FMT) of Brief Cognitive Screening Battery to predict amyloid status in SCD older adults.

Method: The sample consisted of 45 older adults classified as SCD and 25 as cognitively unimpaired (mean age of 76.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Recent studies showed that neuroinflammation plays a key role in triggering specific neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), such as irritability and agitation, in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD). While prior studies showed an association between tau pathology and all NPS domains, the extent to which tau influences each specific NPS domain remains unclear. Here, we aim to investigate the association of tau and NPS domains in the AD continuum.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: The population aged 80 or over has increased, which may predispose people to dementia. Validated scales are used to diagnose them. The study aimed to compare cognitive evolution and associated factors in individuals aged 80 or over.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Language impairment manifestations in patients with the semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia (S-PPA) include surface dysgraphia. Word and pseudoword dictation helps characterize errors in these patients' writing to better conduct their therapeutic strategies. Few studies have addressed written language in patients with dementia, and even fewer have done so in PPA.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Post-COVID19 syndrome is characterized by signs and symptoms that occur within 3 months of the onset of COVID19 acute phase and last at least 2 months. In the past 3 years, cognitive impairment has frequently been associated with COVID19 with descriptions of attentional, executive, memory, and language disorders. Many studies have assessed these cognitive disturbances using online and telephone tests, often in isolated interviews on a cross-sectional design in high-income countries.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: The Cognitive Domains and Functional Assessment Questionnaire (CDFAQ) assess cognitive and functional decline for Neurocognitive Disorders based on the DSM-5 criteria (1). It's accuracy to the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly - Long Version (IQCODE-LV) has been assessed (2), and was translated and validated into English. The informant version (CDFAQ-IV) assess: Complex Attention (CA), Executive Functions (EF), Learning and Memory (LM), Language (L), Perceptual-Motor (PM) and Social Cognition.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: The Cognitive Domains and Functional Assessment Questionnaire (CDFAQ) assess cognitive and functional decline for Neurocognitive Disorders based on the DSM-5 criteria (1). It's accuracy to the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly - Long Version (IQCODE-LV) has been assessed (2), and was translated and validated into English (3). The informant version (CDFAQ-IV) assess: Complex Attention (CA), Executive Functions (EF), Learning and Memory (LM), Language (L), Perceptual-Motor (PM) and Social Cognition.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is classically viewed as a predominantly amnestic syndrome, with other cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) being non-integral associations. Emerging Evidence suggests that within typical AD, these symptoms are core features from the onset.

Methods: We employed K-modes clustering on 2483 cognitively impaired (CI) individuals (CDR ≥ 0.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: The newly proposed criteria by the AA working group incorporates both biological and clinical stages to characterize the progression of AD. In this study, we aim to evaluate the agreement between these two complementary systems.

Methods: Using 188 participants from McGill TRIAD and 139 from the HEAD cohorts, we categorized participants into biological (0-4) and clinical (0-4) stages using amyloid PET, tau PET(MK-6240), and clinical measures as described by the working group.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Short screening tools designed to detect cognitive impairment are important for clinical and research. The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) is the main used categorization system, which classifies from no dementia, to questionable dementia/mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and three severities of dementia.

Objective: To conduct an accuracy analysis of different short screening tests to predict CDR scores on a cohort of a Memory Clinic.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Language is frequently affected in patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS), with reduced performance in naming, syntactic comprehension, grammatical expression, and orthographic processing. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the language profile of patients with familial type 8 ALS (ALS8), linked to p.P56S VAPB mutation, is similar to sALS.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is defined by the presence of cognitive complaints in cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals. Despite being part of the continuum of a neurodegenerative disease, the cause of the cognitive complaint is quite heterogeneous. Sleep disturbances may be associated with cognitive complaints and even objective cognitive decline.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Dementia and cognitive impairment, primarily linked to aging, are increasingly recognized as multifactorial conditions. Emerging research has pointed to early menopause as another potential risk factor. However, its relationship with cognitive impairment needs further investigation, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) is a construct developed to capture neuropsychiatric symptoms in individuals in early stages of neurodegenerative diseases. The assessment of MBI in individuals with preclinical cognitive manifestations in Brazil is still quite limited. The aim of this study is to evaluate the MBI-Checklist (MBI-C) in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the Brazilian Subjective Cognitive Decline (BRASCODE) cohort in southern Brazil.

Human ovarian tissue xenotransplantation: advancements, challenges, and future perspectives.

Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation has emerged as a promising fertility preservation technique for individuals facing premature ovarian insufficiency due to various medical conditions or treatments. Xenotransplantation, involving the transplantation of ovarian tissue into animal hosts, has played a pivotal role in refining ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation techniques and addressing key challenges. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of ovarian tissue xenotransplantation research, focusing on its applications in investigating ovarian biology, optimizing ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation protocols, and assessing safety concerns.

Development, Validation, and Usability of a Virtual Game for Consciousness and Relaxation of the Pelvic Floor Muscles.

Background: Applicability of the virtual games has been increasingly added to rehabilitation treatments, including women's health interventions.

Objective: To develop a virtual interface designed to increase consciousness and relax the pelvic floor muscles, validate its content and appearance, and check the level of usability and satisfaction.

Methods: Physiotherapy specialists with experience in pelvic floor rehabilitation and database research were consulted to define the content.

Stone Tool Use by Black-Horned Capuchin Monkeys (Sapajus nigritus cucullatus) in an Urban Park in Londrina, Brazil.

Tool use to crack open palm nuts has been observed extensively in some capuchin monkey species. However, for southern black-horned capuchin monkeys (Sapajus nigritus cucullatus), there is only one published record of stone tool use from the 1990s, from an urban park in Londrina, Brazil. In the present study, we returned to this urban park to systematically investigate the hammer-and-anvil sites used to crack nuts by this capuchin monkey population.

A novel naphthylchalcone ([E]-4-(3-[naphthalen-2-yl]-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl) induces intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis in human acute leukemia cell lines.

Background: Chalcones have been described in the literature as promising antineoplastic compounds.

Objectives: Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the cytotoxic effect of 23 synthetic chalcones on human acute leukemia (AL) cell lines (Jurkat and K562).

Methods: Cytotoxicity assessment was performed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method.

Clinical aspects of middle ear tympanokeratoma in dogs diagnosed through advanced imaging, otoendoscopy and histopathological evaluation.

Background: Canine aural cholesteatoma (more appropriately named tympanokeratoma) is an epidermoid cyst whose aetiopathogenesis remains poorly recognised in veterinary medicine. There are a few reports published, possibly because it may be underdiagnosed.

Objectives: To characterise the clinical aspects of dogs with tympanokeratoma, to describe the otoendoscopic, advanced imaging and histopathological findings of tympanokeratoma and to report the best approach to diagnose canine auricular tympanokeratoma in a retrospective study.

Impact of a trace mineral injection at weaning on growth, behavior, and inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune responses of beef calves.

Two experiments evaluated the effects of an injectable trace mineral (ITM) solution at weaning on trace mineral (TM) status, inflammatory and antioxidant responses, grazing behavior, response to vaccination, and growth of beef calves. Experiment 1 used 86 Nellore calves (40 females and 46 males; body weight [BW] = 198 ± 30.8 kg; 8 ± 1 mo of age) weaned (day 0) and assigned into one of two treatments: saline (0.