Reproductive Efficiency of Nelore Cows in Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination Programs with Early Resynchronization.

We aimed to evaluate the reproductive efficiency of Nelore cows in fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) programs with early resynchronization. A total of 468 Nelore cows were divided into two experimental groups: R30-conventional resynchronization at 30 days ( = 234); R22-early resynchronization at 22 days ( = 234). Both groups followed a synchronization protocol using intravaginal progesterone devices combined with the administration of steroids and gonadotropins.

Data Platform for Animal Mortality Information System (DATASIMA): Monitoring Companion Animal's Euthanasia Causes in City of João Pessoa, Brazil.

The literature regarding causes of animal mortality varies greatly in how it evaluates and describes reasons for euthanasia, showing a clear need for tools to identify, standardize, and map diseases. This study describes the application of the Animal Mortality Information System Database (DATASIMA) to monitoring and georeferencing animal mortality. An observational study was conducted on the dogs and cats euthanized at the Municipal Center for Environmental and Zoonotic Surveillance in João Pessoa, Paraíba.

Inclusion of Ora-Pro-Nóbis () Leaf Meal in the Diet of Adult Nile Tilapia Improves Growth Performance and Intestinal Absorption Capacity Without Compromising Metabolic and Hematological Variables.

Corn and soybeans are commodities and ingredients of global interest, whose prices fluctuate based on global demands. In this sense, this study aimed to assess ora-pro-nóbis ( leaf meal (OLM) as an alternative to be included in the diets of Nile tilapia (). The optimal inclusion level of OLM in tilapia diets is investigated herein, aiming to improve their growth performance and health.

Microencapsulated Escape Lysine with Tannin as an Adjuvant in Sheep Diets.

The use of escape protein, which is absorbed in the small intestine, can improve the production of ruminant animals because it meets their protein requirements better. This study hypothesized that wax lipid matrices are effective encapsulants for escape lysine in ruminants and tested tannin extract as an adjuvant. Forty intact male Santa Ines × Dorper sheep (~4 months old, BW 23 ± 1.

Mapping the Incidence of Infestation by (Acanthocephala) Parasitizing Raised in Fish Farms and the Relationship with Zooplankton Ostracods and Copepods.

This study investigated the abundance of zooplankton copepods and ostracods taxonomic groups in fish farms in Rondônia's Vale do Jamari and Centro-Leste microregions during the rainy and dry seasons. It also analyzed the correlation between zooplanktons abundance and the presence of acanthocephalan parasites. Conducted in 41 fish farms between November 2021 and September 2023, the study included water, zooplankton, and fish samples from 196 .

Nutritional Factors Related to Canine Gallbladder Diseases-A Scoping Review.

Gallbladder mucocele, cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, and cholecystitis are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality in dogs. The exact etiology of these conditions remains poorly understood, though various factors, such as endocrinopathies, dyslipidemia, and impaired gallbladder motility, have been suggested as potential contributors. Surgical intervention has been described as the first choice of treatment when biliary rupture or obstruction is suspected; however, medical management may be an important part of therapeutic or preventative strategy.

Microgeographical Variation in Prevalence in Dogs in Suburban and Urban Areas of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.

Dirofilariosis, a mosquito-borne disease caused by and , affects canids, felids and occasionally humans. Recent evidence suggests that prevalence is rising in the canine populations in several areas of Brazil, even those historically considered to be non-endemic, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance. However, prevalence studies are frequently based on inference from single diagnostic methods, and it is acknowledged that this may lead to biases and an underestimation of the disease situation.

Predisposing Factors for Pseudoplacentational Endometrial Hyperplasia or Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia in Dogs and Their Association with Pyometra.

Pseudoplacentational endometrial hyperplasia (PEH) and cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) are both hyperplastic conditions that may occur in the canine uterus during diestrus. CEH can impair fertility, and, although the consequences of PEH are poorly known, this condition is significantly associated with pyometra. The aim of this study was to investigate frequencies of both PEH and CEH in female dogs according to age, size, breed, and breed group.

The Role of Dendritic Cells in Adaptive Immune Response Induced by OVA/PDDA Nanoparticles.

: Cationic polymers were shown to assemble with negatively charged proteins yielding nanoparticles (NPs). Poly-diallyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride (PDDA) combined with ovalbumin (OVA) yielded a stable colloidal dispersion (OVA/PDDA-NPs) eliciting significant anti-OVA immune response. Dendritic cells (DCs), as sentinels of foreign antigens, exert a crucial role in the antigen-specific immune response.

A Comprehensive Review of Niobium Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, Applications in Health Sciences, and Future Challenges.

Niobium nanoparticles (NbNPs) have gained attention as promising materials in biomedical applications due to their exceptional biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and versatility. These nanoparticles offer potential in drug delivery, imaging, and tissue engineering, where their nanoscale properties allow precise interactions with biological systems. Among niobium-based nanomaterials, niobium pentoxide (NbO) is the most extensively studied due to its chemical stability, bioactivity, and optical properties.

Serological Profile of Anti- Antibodies in Liver Transplant Recipients.

, a globally distributed obligatory intracellular opportunistic parasite that has infected one third of the world population, has different transmission routes including via organ transplantation. The liver has emerged as a frequent transplanted organ in which the transmission of can occur between seropositive donors and seronegative recipients. Allied with immunosuppressive therapy, the presence of latent infection in recipients elevates the risk of severe toxoplasmosis.

Brazilian Gold Miners Working Irregularly in French Guiana: Health Status and Risk Determinants.

Brazilian garimpeiros are a highly hard-to-reach and mobile population, with little access to basic hygiene and health services, and have been crossing the border to work irregularly in gold mines in French Guiana since the 1990s. This study aimed to characterize this population and identify their main health problems. A cross-sectional study was carried out in the municipality of Oiapoque-AP, with two surveys: before (2018) and after (2019) the implementation of Malakit.

Spatial Analysis and Socio-Environmental Determinants of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in an Urban Area in Northeastern Brazil.

The urbanization process has led to significant changes in the landscape, shifting the epidemiological profile of the visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Brazil. Dogs are considered the main urban reservoir of VL, whose infections precede cases in humans. In order to understand the socio-environmental determinants associated with canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL), we conducted a spatial analysis of CVL cases in northeastern Brazil from 2013 to 2015, georeferencing 3288 domiciled dogs.

Optimizing Muscle Performance in Young Soccer Players: Exploring the Impact of Resisted Sprint Training and Its Relationship with Distance Covered.

Background: Speed training with resisted sprints has been shown to positively affect neuromuscular performance in soccer players. Various loads, ranging from 10% to 120% of body mass, have demonstrated performance improvements across the spectrum. However, the impact of sprint distance with optimal load on these adaptive responses has yet to be thoroughly described.

Effects of Physical Activity Level, Strength, Balance, and Body Composition on Perceived Health in Healthy Adults.

Background: Nowadays, not only is a high, long life expectancy desired, but also longevity with quality. Quality of life in adulthood is a multidimensional construct related to the perception of one's own health, psychological and socio-emotional factors, functionality for daily activities, and body composition.

Objective: This study evaluates the effects of physical activity level (PAL), strength, balance, and body composition on perceived health in healthy adults.

Habits Related to Strength Training of Brazilian Recreational Runners.

Despite strength training (ST) being well characterized by professional runners, little is known about the inclusion of ST models for recreational runners. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the presence of ST in the training practices of recreational runners, with a focus on understanding its characteristics and the motivations of recreational athletes for including ST in their routines. To this end, 801 recreational runners (493 male and 308 female) completed a structured questionnaire regarding their training habits, the inclusion of ST, and its characteristics, concerning the type of ST, training volume, and the reasons for including ST in their training programs.

Next-Generation Dental Materials: Exploring Bacterial Biofilm Formation on 3D-Printable Resin-Based Composites.

This study evaluated the microbial growth profile of subgingival multispecies biofilm on 3D-printable resin-based composites (PRBCs). A 96-well cell plate cultivated a 39-species biofilm associated with periodontitis over 7 days. Cylindrical specimens with 12 mm high and 3 mm diameters were prepared by the PRBC group (Cosmos Temp-Yller; Prizma 3D Bio Crown; Prizma 3D Bio Prov) and an acrylic resin as control.

Effect of EGCG-Methacrylate-Functionalized Resin Infiltrant on White Spot Lesions: An In Vitro Study.

This study evaluated the color change (ΔE) and penetration depth (PD) of white spot lesions (WSLs) infiltrated with the resin infiltrant (Icon) functionalized with methacrylate epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). To introduce polymerizable double bonds, EGCG was reacted with methacryloyl chloride (EM). Subsequently, the Icon resin infiltrant (I) was loaded with neat EGCG (IE) or EGCG-methacrylate (IEM) at 2 wt% each.

Bioactive Molecules from the Invasive Blue Crab Exoskeleton: Evaluation of Reducing, Radical Scavenging, and Antitumor Activities.

In recent years, the invasive Atlantic blue crab () has increased its spread throughout the Mediterranean Sea, threatening native biodiversity and local economies. This study aimed to valorize sampled in Sicily by utilizing its exoskeleton as a source of chitosan, astaxanthin, and bio-phenolic compounds. These biomolecules were evaluated for their reducing, radical scavenging, and antitumor activity.

Exploring Antibacterial Properties of Marine Sponge-Derived Natural Compounds: A Systematic Review.

The rise in multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria has prompted extensive research into antibacterial compounds, as these resistant strains compromise current treatments. This resistance leads to prolonged hospitalization, increased mortality rates, and higher healthcare costs. To address this challenge, the pharmaceutical industry is increasingly exploring natural products, particularly those of marine origin, as promising candidates for antimicrobial drugs.

Exploring the Structural Diversity and Biotechnological Potential of the Rhodophyte Phycolectome.

Lectins are non-covalent glycan-binding proteins found in all living organisms, binding specifically to carbohydrates through glycan-binding domains. Lectins have various biological functions, including cell signaling, molecular recognition, and innate immune responses, which play multiple roles in the physiological and developmental processes of organisms. Moreover, their diversity enables biotechnological exploration as biomarkers, biosensors, drug-delivery platforms, and lead molecules for anticancer, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial drugs.

Exploring the Pharmacological Potential of Carrageenan Disaccharides as Antitumor Agents: An In Silico Approach.

Carrageenans have demonstrated enhanced antitumor activity upon depolymerization into disaccharides. However, the pharmacological viability of these disaccharides and their mechanisms of antitumor action remains to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to employ computational tools to investigate the pharmacological properties and molecular targets pertinent to cancer of the disaccharides derived from the primary carrageenans.

Novel 2-Thiazolylhydrazone with Druggable Properties for Antifungal Application.

Fungal infections have become a growing concern in healthcare, particularly in immunocompromised individuals, with species like , , and posing significant challenges due to rising resistance and limited treatment options. In response, novel antifungal agents are being explored, including thiazolyl hydrazones. This study focuses on the development of a novel thiazolylhydrazone derivative, RW3.

Azole Resistance and Mutation in Clinical Isolates of .

We investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying azole resistance in seven isolates that caused candidemia and candiduria in Paraná, Brazil (2016-2022). Biofilm production, antifungal susceptibility testing, multilocus sequence typing, amplification and sequencing of , and quantification of , , and expression levels were performed. Notably, five isolates (71.

Endophytic Fungi of (Asteraceae): Dereplication of Crude Extracts, Antimicrobial Properties, and Identification of New Tetronic Acid Derivative Produced by .

Endophytic fungi are increasingly being recognized for their diverse metabolites that may exhibit antimicrobial properties. In our study, we isolated seven endophytic fungal strains from , which were identified as , , , , , and (with two isolates from the same species). Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the extracts was assessed, revealing that the extract from demonstrated activity against .