Development of an ex vivo model to assess the impact of fumonisin B on swine intestinal morphology.

This study was conducted to assess the effects of fumonisin B (FB) on the jejunum of pigs using a novel ex vivo model conducted in parallel with an in vivo trial. For the in vivo model, twelve male 28 to 70-days-old pigs were subjected to two treatments of six animals each: the control group, fed a basal diet (BD), and the FB group, fed the BD + 50 mg/kg FB. At 70 days, the animals were slaughtered and one jejunal sample was collected from each pig for further histopathological analyses.

In vivo efficacy of uvangoletin from Piper aduncum (Piperaceae) against Schistosoma mansoni and in silico studies targeting SmNTPDases.

Schistosomiasis stands as one of the most significant parasitic diseases on a global scale, with approximately 250 million infections worldwide. It is imperative to address this pressing issue by developing new antischistosomal drugs. Chalcones have emerged as a promising class of natural compounds, demonstrating noteworthy effects observed in in vitro experiments with Schistosoma mansoni, and demonstrating the ability to inhibit SmNTPDases and apyrase from potatoes.

Sodium hyaluronate microcapsules to promote antitumor selectivity of anacardic acid.

Anacardic acid (AA) is a phenolic lipid extracted from cashew nutshell liquid that has antitumor activity. Given the high hydrophobicity of this compound and aiming to create efficient vehicle for its administration in aqueous systems, the objective of the present work was to develop a microcapsule (MCAA) by spray dryer technique, based on the polysaccharide sodium hyaluronate (SH), containing AA as its core, encapsulated from nanoemulsion. The Encapsulation Efficiency of MCAA presented a value equal to 95.

Panitumumab versus cetuximab in combination with irinotecan in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer.

Purpose: There is evidence that adding cetuximab can overcome resistance to irinotecan, but a similar analysis with Panitumumab isn't readily available. This study evaluated the activity of each anti-EGFR plus irinotecan as a salvage third-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort of metastatic colorectal cancer patients who progressed to irinotecan monotherapy and were exposed to an anti-EGFR antibody as a third line of treatment.

Microscale intertidal habitats modulate shell break resistance of the prey; Implications for prey selection.

Intertidal microhabitats provide special conditions to the organisms that inhabit them and to some of their morpho-protective characteristics. Tidal pools, under the influence of acidified freshwater, may affect the characteristics of the protective shells of prey and have repercussions on predation. The shells of Perumytilus purpuratus from such tidepools are more fragile than those of their counterparts from the vertical intertidal walls of the same area.

Asian Thoracic Oncology Research Group expert consensus statement on the peri-operative management of non-small cell lung cancer.

The peri-operative management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in earlier stage disease has seen significant advances in recent years with the incorporation of immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy. However, many unanswered questions and challenges remain, including the application of clinical trial data to routine clinical practice. Recognising the unique demographic profile of Asian patients with NSCLC and heterogeneous healthcare systems, the Asian Thoracic Oncology Research Group (ATORG) convened a consensus meeting in Singapore on 26 April 2024 to discuss relevant issues spanning diagnostic testing to post-neoadjuvant treatment considerations and future directions.

Primary prevention of post-molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia in high-risk complete hydatidiform mole: A single-dose prophylactic actinomycin D, associated with uterine evacuation - a long retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of actinomycin D (ActD) as prophylactic chemotherapy (P-chem) in patients with high-risk complete hydatidiform mole (Hr-CHM) on progression to gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN).

Methods: From 1996 to 2023, 426 Hr-CHMs were selected in a cohort of 1623 patients with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). From 1996 to 2023, 290 patients with Hr-CHMs received a single bolus dose of Act-D at the time of uterine evacuation (Hr-CHM P-chem group); 136 with the same risk factors did not receive P-chem (Hr-CHM control group).

Serologic and Molecular Evidence of Arboviruses in Nonhuman Primates in Northeast Brazil.

Arbovirus surveillance in marmosets (Callithrix spp.) that live close to humans helps identify viral circulation in the environment and contributes to public health. We investigated the exposure to arboviral infections in 47 captive and free-living Callithrix from urban and peri-urban areas in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil (SNB) in 2018.

Kidney Injury Following Cardiac Surgery: A Review of Our Current Understanding.

Around one-quarter of all patients undergoing cardiac procedures, particularly those on cardiopulmonary bypass, develop cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). This complication increases the risk of several serious morbidities and of mortality, representing a significant burden for both patients and the healthcare system. Patients with diminished kidney function before surgery, such as those with chronic kidney disease, are at heightened risk of developing CSA-AKI and have poorer outcomes than patients without preexisting kidney injury who develop CSA-AKI.

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in stoma reversal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Stoma reversal surgery is known for relatively high complication rates. While Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols are extensively validated for colorectal surgery, their use in stoma reversal remains underexplored. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates clinical outcomes of stoma reversal surgery under ERAS protocols compared to standard care (SC) practices.

A call for greater diversity and representativity within countries in psychiatric research: Lessons and challenges from a systematic review of schizophrenia research in Brazil.

Objective: This article aims to systematically review the studies on schizophrenia in Brazil, addressing geographical coverage as an indicator of sampling representativeness, essential to infer results' generalization. It also highlights the variation in research funding across different regions.

Methods: We searched for studies carried out until July 2023.

Kyphectomy followed by self-sliding pedicle screw and translumbosacral rod impaction and fixation: a novel growth-friendly technique in myelomeningocele patients.

Introduction: Congenital lumbar kyphosis is present in about 15% of patients with myelomeningocele. Worsening of deformity with complications such as chronic skin ulcers and bone exposure is common. In patients under 8 years of age, treatment becomes even more challenging: in addition to resecting the apex of the kyphotic deformity, we should ideally stabilize the spine with fixation methods that do not interrupt the growth of the rib cage, associated with the challenging pelvic fixation in this population.

Isotemporal substitution of physical activity patterns and sitting time with obesity indicators among workers in São Paulo.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between substituting 10, 30, and 60 min/day of physical activity and sitting time with obesity indicators among workers. It is a cross-sectional study involving 394 adults (76.6% women) from São Paulo, Brazil.

Monitoring of Selected Swine Viral Diseases in Peruvian Amazon Peccaries.

Peccaries (collared peccary-CP-and white-lipped peccary-WLP) are an essential source of protein and income for rural communities in the Amazon region. Since 1980s, researchers in the Amazon have reported recurrent local disappearances of WLP populations. Although such disappearances impact the species conservation and the food security of rural societies, no studies have drawn consistent conclusions about the causes of these population collapses.

Effects of resveratrol on the lipid profile of post-menopause women: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Postmenopausal women experience an increase in cardiovascular, sexual, and emotional changes that can significantly impact their quality of life. Although phytoestrogens offer therapeutic benefits, our understanding of resveratrol's effects remains limited. This study aims to evaluate the effects of using resveratrol on the lipid profile of postmenopausal women.

Use of continuous glucose monitoring and point-of-care glucose testing in hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus in non-intensive care unit settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The benefits of using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in hospitalized patients with diabetes remain uncertain. Point-of-care (POC) glucose testing is the standard of care in this setting. We compared the effect of adding CGM to POC testing versus POC testing alone on glycemic outcomes in this population.

Agreement between methods to assess potassium intake in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background & Aims: In the general population, 24-hour urine potassium excretion is considered the reference standard for estimating potassium intake. However, its agreement with food records and spot urine collections in adults living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not well-established. Given the risk of hyperkalemia related to changes in renal potassium handling, understanding if this reference standard is appropriate for the CKD population is important.

Proteome changes during the germination and early seedling development of carnauba palm (Copernicia prunifera) under skotomorphogenic conditions.

We analyze the proteome changes during the development of the carnauba palm (Copernicia prunifera) seedlings under skotomorphogenic conditions, by separating the embryo into its two components: haustorium (HA) and cotyledonary petiole (CP) and established the descriptive and quantitative proteomes of these tissues across four developmental stages. 5205 proteins were identified in HA and 6028 in CP. These proteomes are rich in proteins known to maintain the skotomorphogenic state, and in a complete set of proteins involved in cellular respiration and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.

Review of advanced sensor system applications in grinding operations.

Background: Today, in a wide variety of industries, grinding operations are an extremely important finishing process for obtaining precise dimensions and meeting strict requirements for roughness and shape accuracy. However, the constant wear of abrasive tools during grinding negatively affects the dimensional and surface conditions of the workpiece. Therefore, effective monitoring of the wear process during grinding operations helps to predict tool life, plan maintenance and ensure consistent product quality.