Caffeine-clarithromycin coadministration and hyperlactatemia in a young infant: a case report.

Apnea is a major complication of acute respiratory tract infection in young infants and may lead to the need for ventilatory support. Caffeine is methylxanthine, which is considered the mainstay of pharmacologic treatment for apnea of prematurity. On the basis of neonatal guidelines, caffeine has been used as a respiratory stimulant for the treatment of acute respiratory tract infection-related apnea, despite low evidence of its ability to improve clinical outcomes.

Effects of energy drinks on mental health and academic performance of university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

Objectives: Energy drink (ED) consumption is frequently observed among higher education students and is often associated with increased concentration and academic performance. However, the purported benefits are not fully supported by scientific evidence. This protocol details methods for a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of ED on university students' mental health and academic performance.

Assessment of patient safety from their perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: to assess patient safety, from their own perspective, during hospitalization for COVID-19 in a university hospital.

Method: cross-sectional study conducted in a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, involving patients hospitalized due to COVID-19. The sample included 129 participants hospitalized between March 2020 and June 2021 who responded to the Patient Measure of Safety instrument.

Competences and skills of nurses in school health: a scoping review.

Objective: to map scientific evidence on the professional competences and skills of nurses who work in school health.

Method: Scoping review based on the manual from the protocol for writing Evidence Syntheses from the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses - extension for Scoping Reviews. The search was conducted in the following databases: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences; Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online; SCOPUS; Web of Science; Science Direct; Educational Resources Information Center; Embase; Google Scholar.

Child Health Handbook in Primary Care: perspectives of family health professionals and mothers.

Objective: To understand the use of the Child Health Handbook in Primary Care from the perspective of family health professionals and mothers.

Method: Qualitative research, grounded in Symbolic Interactionism, with 25 family health professionals and 11 mothers, in a city in Northeast Brazil. The data were collected in the months of September and October 2020, through semi-structured interviews and submitted to inductive thematic analysis.

cAmbly: A non-toxic cell-penetrating peptide derived from Amblyomin-X with targeted delivery to mitochondrial and cytoplasmic proteins.

The effective delivery of drugs remains a major challenge in the development of new therapeutic molecules. Several strategies have been employed to address this issue, with cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) standing out due to their ability to traverse cell membranes with minimal cytotoxicity and their relatively straightforward synthesis when conjugated with other molecules. However, while CPPs can successfully enter the cytoplasm, they often lack specificity for particular organelles, leaving target engagement to the drug itself.

An assessment of the uncertainties of methane generation in landfills.

The accurate estimation of methane generation in landfills is crucial for effective greenhouse gas management and energy recovery, requiring site-specific assessments due to the inherent variability in waste composition and properties before and after disposal. This study investigates the uncertainties associated with methane generation predictions by employing a combination of stoichiometric methods, Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) assays, and Bayesian inference. Fresh and aged (1-year-old and 5-year-old) samples collected in the tropical Saravan dump site in Gilan, Iran, were used to evaluate the waste's methane generation potential and degradation rate in the field.

Ultra-confined plasmons reveal moiré patterns in a twisted bilayer graphene-talc heterostructure.

This work investigates the plasmonic properties of a twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) and talc heterostructure. Talc, a naturally occurring phyllosilicate, promotes p-type charging of graphene, supporting high charge mobility and strong interaction between graphene plasmons and talc's phonon polaritons. This interaction results in the formation of surface plasmon-phonon polariton (SP) modes, which are detected using infrared scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (IR s-SNOM) at room temperature.

Epidemiological and Spatial Disparities of HIV/AIDS in Adults in Brazil: A Comparative Analysis Between Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Populations.

The objective of this study is to compare the characteristics and trends of HIV/AIDS notifications among Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations in Brazil from 2007 to 2023. This is a cross-sectional, ecological, and descriptive study, employing adult HIV/AIDS surveillance data, which includes sociodemographic variables, epidemiological backgrounds, and laboratory data. A total of 487,405 HIV/AIDS cases were recorded, with a significantly higher prevalence among individuals of Asian race/color.

Technology for obtaining linseed protein concentrate minimized in antinutritional factors.

The linseed processing was carried out on a laboratory scale to obtain the linseed protein concentrate (LPC), using the physical method. The analyzes were carried out on whole grains (WG), demucilated grains (DG) and LPC. In the fractions obtained, the chemical composition (dry matter, ash, lipids, crude protein, total dietary fiber, soluble fiber and insoluble fiber), total phenolic compounds and physicochemical properties were evaluated in the obtained fractions.

Assessment of the endectocide efficacy of a pour-on topical solution containing fluazuron, fipronil and eprinomectin in cattle.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a new formulation composed of the chemical active ingredients benzoylphenylurea, phenylpyrazole and macrocyclic lactone, which have different mechanisms of action on the most important parasites, such as R. microplus, H. irritans, D.

The Role of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) on Postoperative Bleeding in Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Recent research highlights TXA's potential in managing postoperative bleeding in bariatric surgery, prompting us to evaluate its effectiveness for treatment and prophylaxis. PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central, SciElo, and LILACS were searched for TXA studies in bariatric surgery, excluding those without control groups or with overlapping populations. Outcome analysis focused on postoperative bleeding, length of hospital stay (LOS), TXA side effects, mortality, transfusion needs, and thromboembolic complications.

Protective role of calcium-based agents in dental bleaching gels: insights from a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical and laboratory evidence.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis (SRM) evaluated the effect of incorporating calcium-based bioactive agents in bleaching gels on dental structure preservation and whitening efficacy.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across databases up to November 2024. Two independent reviewers screened and selected clinical trials and in vitro studies evaluating the effects of calcium-based bioactive agents in bleaching gels, following predefined PICO criteria.

Elicited emotion: effects of inoculation of an art style on emotionally strong images.

The objective of this research is to study how the application of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) artistic filter can be an alternative to mitigate the emotional response to photographs with strong emotional content published in Internet news. Van Gogh's artistic style was extracted through a CNN and inoculated with 64 IAPS images chosen to cover the entire emotional space. 140 university students of both sexes (70 men and 70 women) with an average age of 22 years, evaluated 128 stimuli, 64 original and 64 digitally inoculated, giving the appearance that they were painted with the artistic style of Van Gogh.

The presence of prostate MRI-visible lesions at follow-up biopsy as a risk factor for histopathological upgrading during active surveillance.

Objective: To prospectively determine the ability of visible lesions on multiparametric MRI (PI-RADS 4-5) and commonly used biomarkers to predict disease upgrading on rebiopsy in men with low-risk prostate cancer (PCa) enrolled in active surveillance (AS).

Materials And Methods: For this prospective study, approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB), we selected consecutive patients with low-risk, low-grade, and localized prostate cancer (PCa) from our active surveillance (AS) program, who were enrolled between March 2014 and December 2020. Patients who had undergone previous prostate surgery, hormonal treatment, had contraindications for mpMRI, or transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsy were excluded from this study.

Molecular Epidemiology of Oropouche Virus, Ceará State, Brazil, 2024.

During May-December 2024, we detected Oropouche virus (OROV) in 13.9% (263/1,890) of febrile patients in Ceará state, Brazil. Genomic sequencing revealed those cases were caused by a novel OROV reassortant previously identified in the Amazon region.

Immunity and neuroinflammation in early stages of life and epilepsy.

The immune system is crucial for the correct brain development, and recent findings also point toward central control of immune response. As the immune system is not fully developed at birth, the early years become an important window for infections and for the development of epilepsy. Both central and even peripheral inflammation may impact brain function, promoting opening of the blood-brain/blood and cerebrospinal barriers and allowing entry of immune cells and cytokines, which in turn may affect neuron function and connections.

Effectiveness of flumioxazin alone and in combination with other herbicides for controlling different weed emergence patterns and species.

Effective weed management is essential for maximizing sugarcane productivity, with pre-emergence herbicides representing a fundamental strategy for controlling weed infestations. The study evaluates the efficacy of flumioxazin, alone and combined with other herbicides, for weed control in sugarcane. A greenhouse experiments assessed control of various weed species: , , , , , and .

Evaluation of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 15 Palliative Care and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Palliative in assessing the quality of life in patients with advanced cancer.

Purpose Of Review: Two widely validated health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) tools, specifically designed for patients with advanced cancer, are the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 15 Palliative Care (EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL) and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Palliative (FACIT-Pal-14). This systematic review aims to evaluate the use of EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL and FACIT-Pal-14 in prospective studies in patients with advanced cancer, focusing on study types, clinical settings, additional HR-QoL tools used, and completion rates.

Recent Findings: Sixty studies were included in the analysis.

Short-Term Safety and Effectiveness for Tenecteplase and Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Importance: Tenecteplase is an alternative to alteplase for emergency treatment of acute ischemic stroke. However, limited data are available comparing their clinical effectiveness in routine clinical practice.

Objective: To compare short-term effectiveness and safety outcomes for patients with ischemic stroke treated with intravenous tenecteplase vs alteplase.

A longitudinal study of intermaxillary and intraarch relationships from mixed to permanent dentition: A 4-year follow-up.

Introduction: This longitudinal study assessed the intermaxillary and intraarch relationships from mixed to permanent dentitions during a 4-year follow-up.

Methods: The sample comprised 352 children evaluated for crowding, midline maxillary diastema, anterior spacing, overjet, overbite, and sagittal and transverse relationships in mixed (T1) and permanent (T2) dentition. Data between different time points were compared using McNemar and Bowker symmetry tests, with a significance level of 5%.

Update on Cancer Screening Recommendations for Individuals with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.

Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is an autosomal dominant cancer predisposition condition characterized by a high lifetime risk for a wide spectrum of malignancies associated with germline pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene. Secondary malignant neoplasms are particularly common. Early cancer detection through surveillance enables early intervention and leads to improved clinical outcomes with reduced tumor-related mortality and treatment-related morbidity.

Iatrogenic Primary Hypothyroidism Associated With Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim Treatment of Nocardiosis in a Cat.

A 9-year-old mixed breed cat with a history of recurrent ulcerated skin lesions was diagnosed with nocardiosis. Three months after initiating potentiated sulfonamide treatment, the cat developed goitrous hypothyroidism, characterized by palpable enlargement of both thyroid lobes, low serum concentrations of total thyroxine (T4) and free thyroxine (fT4), and high serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration. Thyroid scintigraphy identified symmetrical enlargement of both thyroid lobes, with increased radionuclide (Tc-pertechnetate) uptake.

Protothecosis in Dogs: A Narrative Review.

Protothecosis is a rare and unusual disease that affects both humans and animals, including dogs. The causative agents are unicellular, achlorophyllous, "yeast-like" microalgae of the genus Prototheca (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta). Although usually saprophytic, Prototheca may, under conditions of immunologic compromise, become pathogenic and even lethal to the host.

Preserving the Biologically Coherent Generic Concept of , 'Plant Destroyer'.

is a long-established, well known and globally important genus of plant pathogens. Phylogenetic evidence has shown that the biologically distinct, obligate biotrophic downy mildews evolved from at least twice. Since, cladistically, this renders 'paraphyletic', it has been proposed that evolutionary clades be split into multiple genera (Runge et al.