Pruritus in atopic dermatitis: a cross-sectional study of adult patients from a tertiary university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.

Background: Chronic pruritus is the defining symptom of atopic dermatitis (AD). Although AD is common in Latin America, there is little data regarding pruritus intensity, characteristics, and effects on quality of life in this population.

Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate pruritus in 91 patients with AD at a tertiary university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.

Building upon the core elements of antifungal stewardship: practical recommendations for effective antifungal stewardship in resource-limited settings.

Introduction: Despite the crucial importance of effective AFS in resource-limited settings, such settings remain comparatively underserved and underrepresented in terms of resource-setting-specific guidance and research. Further practical contextualization and application of current AFS best practices is thus necessary.

Areas Covered: A panel of leading experts from diverse countries (India, Nigeria, Spain, and the US) was brought together to provide recommendations for practical and effective implementation of AFS in resource-limited settings.

Association Between Cigarette Smoking and Subclinical Markers of Cardiovascular Harm.

Background: Cigarette smoking is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular harm.

Objectives: The study sought to explore the detailed relationships between smoking intensity, pack-years, and time since cessation with inflammation, thrombosis, and subclinical atherosclerosis markers of cardiovascular harm.

Methods: We included 182,364 participants (mean age 58.

Identifying promising peptide targets for leprosy serological tests: From prediction to ELISA.

Leprosy remains a significant health concern, particularly in India, Brazil, and Indonesia. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent complications, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic tools. This study aimed to identify novel Mycobacterium leprae antigens and assess their effectiveness against human sera through immunotools for antibody response evaluation.

Shared Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Genetic Factors in Early Menarche and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Early age at menarche (early AAM) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are reproductive and metabolic disorders with overlapping pathophysiological and genetic features. Epidemiological studies suggest a link between these two conditions, both of which are characterized by dysregulation of the neuroendocrine pathways that control pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion, thus affecting gonadotropin release, particularly luteinizing hormone secretion. A common pathophysiology involving positive energy balance and abnormal metabolic status is evident in both disorders.

Evaluating multifaceted strategies to prevent nasoenteral tube complications and achieve significant cost savings in critically ill patients: the ENHANCE-CRIT trial.

Background: Nasoenteral tube (NET) use is common in critically ill patients but is associated with significant complications, including accidental dislodgement, malpositioning in the bronchial tree or mechanical failures, which can impede nutritional therapy. These complications often lead to adverse events that increase hospital stay, costs, and patient morbidity.

Objective: This study aimed to reduce complications related to the placement and maintenance of NETs in critically ill patients using multifaceted strategies.

Surface properties and susceptibility to staining of a resin composite after brushing with different whitening toothpastes.

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of different whitening toothpaste (WT) on the surface properties and staining susceptibility of a resin composite.

Methods: Cylindrical samples were prepared with a micro-hybrid resin composite and were randomized into groups according to the toothpaste (n = 12): distilled water (DW), regular toothpaste (RT), WT with silica + pyrophosphate (WT-S/P), WT with pentaphosphate and pyrophosphate (WT-P/P), WT with hydrogen peroxide and pyrophosphate (WT-HP/P) and WT with charcoal and pyrophosphate (WT-Ch/P). The samples were brushed for 825 cycles in an automatic brushing machine, simulating 30 days of brushing.

Volume-targeted on high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in preterm infants: a systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to analyze, in neonates, the effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) with volume-targeted (VT) compared with conventional HFOV.

Sources: The authors searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception until August 4th, 2024, to identify studies comparing HFOV with and without VT in neonates under 44 weeks corrected age.

Neuronal degeneration, mitochondrial dysfunction, and disturbance of movements induced by rotenone in the ascidian Styela plicata.

Parkinson's disease (PD), a movement disorder caused by dopaminergic degeneration in the midbrain, has been induced in various organisms after injection of different neurotoxins, such as rotenone (ROT), which affect mitochondrial complex I. Due to the conserved characteristics of ascidians, these animals constitute an interesting model for comparative and genetic studies of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of ROT on the ascidian nervous system, evaluating apoptosis, catecholaminergic enzymes, behavioral deficits, and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Apolipoprotein C-III inhibitors for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Hypertriglyceridemia is related to atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk and pancreatitis risk. The efficacy and safety of apolipoprotein C-III (APOC-III) inhibitors remains unclear.

Aim: To investigate the effects of APOC-III inhibitors on hypertriglyceridemia and its complications.

In vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxicity, Biocompatibility, and Osteogenic Effect of Two Calcium Silicate Sealers Compared with AH Plus Jet.

Objective:  The purpose of the study was to investigate the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and osteogenic effect of EndoSequence BCSealer HiFlow (BCH) and Bio-C Sealer (BCS) in osteosarcoma cells SAOS-2 compared with AH Plus Jet.

Materials And Methods:  For cytotoxicity analysis, the [3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazole)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide-MTT; Sigma/Aldrich] method was used after 24, 48, and 72 hours. For cellular bioactivity, alkaline phosphatase enzyme (ALP) was evaluated after 7 and 14 days.

Comparative Analysis of CAD-CAM Workflow Variations on the Marginal and Internal Gaps and Fatigue Behavior of Ceramic and Resin Composite Dental Crowns.

Objectives:  To analyze the marginal/internal gap and the fatigue behavior of crowns made of two different materials, using four combinations of a digital workflow-two intraoral scanners (IOSs) and two milling machines.

Materials And Methods:  Crowns were made considering three factors: IOS (a confocal microscopy-based scanner: TRIOS 3-TR; or a combination of active triangulation and dynamic confocal microscopy: Primescan-PS), milling machines (four-axis: CEREC MC XL-CR or five-axis: PrograMill PM7-PM), and restorative material (lithium disilicate-LD or resin composite-RC) ( = 10). The bonding surface of each crown was treated and bonded to each respective glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin die using a dual-cure resin cement.

Does the Restoration Design and Material Affect Indirect Restorations' Marginal and Internal Gap, Interfacial Volume, and Fatigue Behavior?

Objectives:  This article evaluates the marginal and internal gap, interfacial volume, and fatigue behavior in computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorations with different designs (crowns or endocrowns) made from lithium disilicate-based ceramic (LD, IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar AG) or resin composite (RC, Tetric CAD, Ivoclar AG).

Materials And Methods:  Simplified LD and RC crowns (-C) and endocrowns (-E) were produced ( = 10) using CAD-CAM technology, through scanning (CEREC Primescan, Dentsply Sirona) and milling (CEREC MC XL, Dentsply Sirona), and then adhesively bonded to fiberglass-reinforced epoxy resin.

Rurality Status and Cardiovascular Events/Survival in Older Men With Prostate Cancer.

Background: Rural areas have higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and age-adjusted mortality rates in the general population. However, the impact of rurality on CVD development and outcomes in patients with prostate cancer (PC) remains unclear.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the SEER-Medicare database to analyze males aged ≥65 years diagnosed with PC between 2009 and 2017.

Limonene monitoring in citrus industry wastewater using molecularly imprinted voltammetric sensor.

The present work reports the development of a novel molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) electrochemical sensor for limonene determination in orange industry wastewater. MIP sensor was constructed through the pyrrole electropolymerization in the presence of limonene on glassy carbon electrode surface (GCE/MIP). Electrode surface as characterized by electrochemical, spectroscopy and microscopic techniques.

Buprenorphine-naloxone versus buprenorphine for opioid use disorder during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The standard of care for treating opioid use disorder (OUD) during pregnancy includes either buprenorphine or methadone. Although buprenorphine-naloxone presents an alternative due to the reduced risk of misuse , evidence regarding its impact on pregnancy and infant health remains limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare buprenorphine-naloxone vs buprenorphine alone for OUD during pregnancy, assessing gestational and neonatal outcomes.

Decade-long performance of constructed wetlands in the dairy industry following an aerated facultative pond.

Long-term data are essential for decision-making in the operation of constructed wetlands; however, such data are scarce. In the present study, a subsurface flow CW system was monitored over a 10-year period for the treatment of wastewater from the dairy industry. Prior to the CW, an aerated facultative lagoon was operated, and its data were also included in the study.

Anticancer drugs alter active nitrogen-cycling communities with effects on the nitrogen removal efficiency of a continuous-flow aerobic granular sludge system.

There is increasing awareness of the presence of anticancer drugs (ACDs) in wastewater. Nonetheless, how ACDs affect the performance of wastewater treatment systems and their microbial populations remains largely unclear. This study investigated the effects of three common ACDs (cyclophosphamide, tamoxifen, and methotrexate) at varying concentrations on physicochemical parameters and drug removal efficiency in an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system operated in a continuous-flow reactor.

The challenge of establishing natural geochemical backgrounds in human-impacted mangrove soils of Northeastern Brazil.

Mangroves are delicate ecosystems constantly pressured by urbanization, pollution, and climate change. Establishing natural geochemical backgrounds (GB) or geochemical baseline levels (GBL) for metals in these soils is challenging due to the dynamic coastal conditions and the combined influence of anthropogenic and natural geological factors. This study aims to establish the natural geochemical background of trace elements in mangrove soils, a more complex task than establishing GBL.

Epidemiological insights into fowl adenovirus, astrovirus, and avian reovirus in Brazilian poultry flocks: A cross-sectional study.

This study conducted a comprehensive survey of Fowl Adenovirus (FAdV), Astrovirus (CAstV), and Avian Reovirus (ARV) in Brazilian poultry, aiming to understand their epidemiological aspects. A total of 1,988 commercial flocks were analyzed across various Brazilian states, resulting in 4,568 analyses. The findings indicated a 25.

Polymeric nanocomposites in a biological interface: From a molecular view to final applications.

Polymeric nanocomposites have been valuable materials for the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields because they associate the unique properties of a material on a nanoscale with a polymeric matrix, with a synergistic outcome that improves their physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Understanding the nature of the physical and chemical interactions and effects that take place at the polymer-nanomaterial interface is crucial to predict and explain how the nanocomposite behaves when set forth a health-related application and faces a biological interface. Therefore, this review aimed to assemble and examine experimental articles in which the molecular-level interaction between nanomaterials and polymer matrices were determinants of the biological outcome.

3D-printed gelatin/dialdehyde starch hydrogels for hydrocortisone topical administration and in vivo treatment of atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic disorder affecting millions worldwide. Recent advancements suggest that combining therapies can significantly improve AD treatment outcomes and mitigate the challenges of long-term drug use, particularly with corticosteroids. In this study, we developed a 3D-printed hydrogel composed of gelatin (Gel) and dialdehyde starch (DAS), capable of encapsulating and delivering hydrocortisone (HC).

Safety and tolerability of vortioxetine versus serotonin reuptake inhibitors in late life depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Late-life depression (LLD) is a significant yet often under-recognized health concern. While selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used, their adverse effects remain a challenge. Vortioxetine, a multimodal antidepressant, has gained attention for its potentially better tolerability.

Geographical origin authentication of instant coffee from southern Bahia using MIR and NIR spectroscopy coupled with DD-SIMCA.

This study presents an innovative approach for authenticating the geographical origin of instant coffee from Southern Bahia using vibrational spectral data coupled with Data-Driven Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (DD-SIMCA). Combining data from a benchtop mid-infrared (MIR) spectrometer and a portable near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer, the methodology achieved 100 % efficiency with Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC) and Standard Normal Variate (SNV) pre-processing, alongside offset correction for MIR data. MIR spectroscopy enabled detailed chemical composition analysis, while the portable NIR spectrometer provided cost-effective in situ capabilities.