Osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells cultured on bioceramic scaffolds (alpha-TCP-RL, SiTCP-RL, and SiTCP-RC).

We evaluated the viability of Vero and the osteogenic differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cells cultured on alpha-TCP-RL, SiTCP-RL, and SiTCP-RC bioceramic scaffolds. Viability of Vero cells and MSCs were evaluated by the MTT assay. The morphological pattern of the two cell types was analyzed by SEM.

Discovery of the Novel HLA-C*15:02:01:65Q Allele, First Identified in a Brazilian Individual.

The novel HLA-C*15:02:01:65Q allele was first described in a potential bone marrow donor from Brazil.

A cross-country comparison of temporal change in adolescent mental health problems in the UK and Brazil.

Aims: Epidemiological evidence shows a concerning rise in youth mental health difficulties over the past three decades. Most evidence, however, comes from countries in Europe or North America, with far less known about changes in other global regions. This study aimed to compare adolescent mental health across two population-based cohorts in the UK, and two population-based cohorts in Pelotas, Brazil.

Health Professionals' perspectives on Human Rights and Mental Health Recovery.

The guarantee of human rights in the healthcare of individuals with mental disorders is a global challenge. Health practices frequently fail to integrate relational ethical principles in the promotion of holistic and inclusive care. It is therefore crucial to investigate how healthcare professionals perceive and conduct their practices in this context.

Updates on HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in Latin America: Available Drugs and Implementation Status.

Latin America has reported a 9% increase in new HIV infections from 2010 to 2023. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a crucial biomedical intervention for preventing HIV transmission. Currently, several antiretroviral drugs, in various forms of administration, have demonstrated high efficacy and effectiveness to protect against HIV.

Ultrasound-assisted recovery of blackcurrant press cake anthocyanins: Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, bioaccessibility, and application in functional gummies.

Blackcurrant press cake (BPC) anthocyanins were recovered using ultrasound-assisted extraction, and the optimal BPC extract was tested for its antioxidant capacity using chemical and biological assays and applied in a functional food model. Extraction at 400 W for 10 min followed by freeze-drying rendered an extract rich in polyphenols (47.83 mg GAE/g), where delphinidin-3-rutinoside, delphinidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, and cyanidin-3-glucoside accounted for 75 % of total phenolics.

Supra-molecular assembly of mebendazolium and di-hydrogen phosphate ions in a new anthelmintic salt.

A new mebendazolium di-hydrogen phosphate phospho-ric acid solid material was obtained and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and complementary solid-state techniques {systematic name: 5-benzoyl-2-[(meth-oxy-carbon-yl)amino]-1-1,3-benzo-diazol-3-ium di-hydrogen phosphate-phos-pho-ric acid (1/1), CHNO ·HPO ·HPO}. Structure solution confirmed proton transfer from phospho-ric acid towards the basic imidazole ring of mebendazole. The mebendazolium cation and the di-hydrogen phosphate anion assemble in the solid state in a cyclic hydrogen-bond-driven supra-molecular motif, as observed in all mebendazolium/oxyanions structures reported in the literature.

Pattern and Outcome of Metastatic Malignant Lesions to the Jaws: A Systematic Review of 594 Cases.

Unlabelled: The jaws are affected secondarily by metastasis from a distant site. Metastatic lesions of jaws are very rare and constitute about 1% of all the malignancies occurring in the jaw, and the pattern of metastasis differs by age and sex. The objective of this review was to analyze the pattern of metastatic jaw lesions and its outcome.

Catalytic degradation of kraft lignin to determine its antioxidant potential for industrial purposes.

The lignin fraction of the lignocellulosic biomass corresponds to 15-30 % wt. This is largely obtained as a by-product of wood pulping to produce cellulose and paper, with the kraft process being the most used by industry. The chemical composition of lignin makes an excellent raw material for obtaining various chemical compounds with industrial applications, such as phenolic resins, biofuels and fine chemical products.

Bioactivity of dressings based on platelet-rich plasma and Platelet-rich fibrin for tissue regeneration in animal model.

Background: Skin wounds are common injuries that affect quality of life and incur high costs. A considerable portion of healthcare resources in Western countries is allocated to wound treatment, mainly using mechanical, biological, or artificial dressings. Biological and artificial dressings, such as hydrogels, are preferred for their biocompatibility.

Nasal irrigation solution is less cytotoxic to nasal epithelial cells than nasal spray.

Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that corticosteroid delivered by nasal irrigation is superior to nasal spray in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis patients who have undergone sinus surgery. However, the local cytotoxicity of both delivery methods has not been previously evaluated. In this study we aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of corticosteroid prepared nasal irrigation solution and commercially available corticosteroid nasal spray.

Different factors modulate visceral and subcutaneous fat accumulation in adults: a single-center study in Brazil.

Background: Abdominal adipose tissue consists of visceral and subcutaneous fat deposits, each with unique metabolic and functional properties. Identifying the characteristics that influence different obesity phenotypes can support targeted prevention and intervention strategies.

Objective: To identify predictive factors associated with visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue accumulation.

Reassessing the role of the p.(Arg304Gln) missense AIP variant in pituitary tumorigenesis.

Objective: Heterozygous germline loss-of-function variants in AIP are associated with young-onset growth hormone and/or prolactin-secreting pituitary tumours. However, the pathogenic role of the c.911G>A; p.

Adherence to Nutritional Counselling Goals Among Pregnant Women With Overweight and Its Effect on Perinatal Health Outcomes.

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the adherence to nutritional counselling goals among pregnant women with overweight and its effect on perinatal outcomes.

Methods: A randomised clinical trial was conducted in 350 adult pregnant women with overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m).

Caspase-1/11 controls Zika virus replication in astrocytes by inhibiting glycolytic metabolism.

Zika virus (ZIKV) poses a significant threat due to its association with severe neurological complications, particularly during pregnancy. Although viruses exhibit tropism for neural cells, including astrocytes, the role of these cells in controlling ZIKV replication remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that ZIKV induces caspase-1 activation in primary astrocytes despite the absence of classical signs of inflammasome activation.

Rational design of Chim3, a multifunctional peptide carrying a formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) agonist module released by bacterial signal peptidase I (Spase I).

Membrane-active peptides are useful tools in the design of multifunctional molecules. For example, peptide chimeras may release, after proteolysis of membrane-adsorbed molecules, pharmacologically active fragments. In previous work, Chim2, an antimicrobial peptide composed of a membrane-active module, an enzymatic hydrolysis site, and an agonist moiety for type 2 formyl peptide receptors (FPR2), was conceptualized.

Mannich Bases: Promising Scaffolds for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases.

Mannich bases, synthesized through the reaction of an aldehyde, a primary or secondary amine, and a compound bearing an acidic hydrogen atom, represent a versatile class of scaffolds in medicinal chemistry. This review explores their broad spectrum of biological activities, emphasizing their potential in combating infectious diseases. With demonstrated efficacy against bacteria, fungi, and parasites, Mannich bases stand out as promising candidates for the development of novel therapeutic agents.

Obesity and Childhood Leukemia in Brazil: Biological, Regional, and Environmental Insights.

This mini-review aimed to present an outlook on childhood obesity and leukemia in different regions of Brazil and explore a possible association between biological aspects related to adipose tissue and childhood cancer. We emphasized environmental factors that may influence cancer development and obesity and present studies showing different prevalences of these diseases in Brazilian regions. However, future studies are required to determine how environmental factors in these regions contribute to leukemia and obesity development in childhood and adolescence.

Improving microbiological safety and quality of apple juice through lactic acid sanitization and biopreservation.

This study investigates lactic acid as a sustainable alternative to sodium hypochlorite for apple sanitization in juice production, along with the addition of as a biopreservative. Lactic acid showed superior effectiveness in reducing microbial contamination, achieving reductions of 2.64 log CFU/mL for mesophilic aerobes, 2.

Impact of COVID-19 on key populations and people living with HIV: recommendations and sociopolitical responses from the EPIC community research program in Latin America.

Background: Health inequality in Latin America is particularly severe for individuals living with HIV (PLHIV) and key populations, such as men who have sex with men, transgender women, people who use drugs, and sex workers. Despite regional programs aimed at reducing health inequalities, such as the Sustainable Development Goals and the Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas 2018-2030, the COVID-19 health crisis has exposed significant shortcomings in national healthcare systems for PLHIV and key populations. The multi-country, community-based research program, EPIC, was developed by Coalition PLUS within an network of community-based organizations engaged in the response to HIV and viral hepatitis.

Bioactives derived from Brazilian native flora with antimicrobial and anticancer activity.

Background: The development of new drugs that act against multidrug-resistant microorganisms and malignant tumors is necessary owing to the limited therapeutic options and high mortality rates associated with these pathologies. In this study, we evaluated the phytochemical groups present in seven plants from the Brazilian Cerrado even as their antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities.

Methods: The extracts were obtained by the maceration technique and secondary metabolites were determined by phytochemical analysis.

Does mask usage correlate with excess mortality? Findings from 24 European countries.

Background: Several nonpharmaceutical interventions, such as masking, were mandated or recommended during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study's primary objective is to investigate the relationship between population-level mask usage and excess mortality across Europe.

Methods: We collected data on mask usage and other relevant variables from 24 European countries during 2020-2021, a period in which mask policies varied widely across nations, providing an ideal basis for a natural experiment.