[Neighborhood characteristics in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil: an intraurban analysis using systematic social observation method].

Systematic social observation (SSO) is an objective method of measuring the neighborhood physical and social characteristics. This study aimed to build intraurban indicators using the SSO method and compare them between two slums and their surroundings in a Brazilian capital. The simple indicators were calculated using the ratio estimator method, and grouped into domains.

[The emancipatory perspective of health literacy in Brazil: contributions from the Freirean thought to knowledge translation regarding a global concept].

This article seeks to reveal the potential for applying key principles of Freirean pedagogy for the effective translation of knowledge and practices associated with the concept of health literacy followed worldwide, based on a critical and emancipatory perspective. It starts from the observation that the process of adopting the concept in Brazil has been more utilitarian than critical, with initiatives predominantly focused on the translation and use of instruments to assess health literacy among population groups. In doing so, this approach has overlooked the academic contributions, practical actors, and social movements in various regions of the country, regarding the application of principles and values of Paulo Freire's thought for the emancipatory promotion of health for individuals and population groups.

[Therapeutic itineraries shared by users of specialized mental health services: a cluster analysis].

This study aimed to identify the existence of therapeutic itineraries shared by users of specialized mental health services in a medium-sized municipality. This is a cross-sectional study, carried out from August to November 2019 including 341 users of specialized mental health services in the municipality of Itatiba, São Paulo State, Brazil. To identify the itineraries, based on a set of variables, the users were grouped with clustering.

INTERNATIONAL NORMALIZED RATIO AND ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME DO NOT PREDICT PLASMA TRANSFUSION IN LIVER TRANSPLANTATION.

Background: Blood loss during liver transplantation (LT) remains a major concern associated with increased morbidity and reduced patient and graft survival. The high complexity of the procedure associated with the multifaceted origin of the bleeding urges early identification of high-risk patients and proper monitoring of hemostasis disorders in order to improve results. The accuracy of international normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) to evaluate coagulation status in cirrhotic patients has been doubted.

EVALUATION OF GRADUATES OF RESIDENCY IN DIGESTIVE SURGERY AND COLOPROCTOLOGY IN A SINGLE CENTER: A 43 YEARS PORTRAIT.

Background: The medical residency model, established over a century ago, remains the gold standard for medical education. Given its increasing significance in imparting expertise in medical specialties, understanding the profile of residents and changes over time is crucial.

Aims: This study aimed to assess graduates of digestive surgery and coloproctology residency programs at Hospital das Clínicas of the Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP) regarding their professional, academic, and research activities.

CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA: EPIDEMIOLOGY, HISTOPATHOLOGY, AND POTENTIAL PROGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC IMPLICATIONS IN A COHORT FROM A REFERENCE CENTER IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare neoplasm, with high mortality, originating in the bile ducts. Its incidence is higher in Eastern countries due to the endemic prevalence of liver parasites. Factors such as metabolic syndrome, smoking, and pro-inflammatory conditions are also linked to the disease.

SURGICAL TREATMENT OF GASTRIC STUMP CANCER: A COHORT STUDY OF 51 PATIENTS.

Background: Gastric stump neoplasia is defined as a neoplasia that arises in the gastric remnant after at least 5 years of interval from the first gastric resection.

Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze 51 patients who underwent total and subtotal gastrectomy and multi-visceral resections in patients with gastric stump cancer.

Methods: The hospital records of 51 patients surgically treated for gastric stump cancer between 1989 and 2019 were reviewed.

OPTIMIZING PERIOPERATIVE CARE FOR PERIHILAR CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA: THE CRUCIAL ROLE OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY MANAGEMENT, NEOADJUVANT THERAPY, AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY.

Background: Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma presents unique challenges in perioperative management, requiring a comprehensive approach to optimize patient outcomes.

Aims: This case study focuses on the multidisciplinary management and innovative interventions performed in the perioperative care of a patient with hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Methods: A comprehensive assessment and treatment strategy involving neoadjuvant therapy and interventional radiology techniques were implemented.

Production of free fatty acids by enzymatic hydrolysis of residual frying oil using non-commercial lipases from Aspergillus niger.

Lipases are enzymes that have an important role in the industry for their wide use, giving rise to a great interest in industrial bioprocesses due to their versatility. One of the applications is the enzymatic hydrolysis of waste oils. This work consists of evaluating the production of lipases using several concentrations of residual frying oil (RFO) and different pHs, through ANOVA analysis.

Inhibitory Effect on the Tyrosinase Activity and Low Cytotoxicity of Monounsaturated Long-Chain Chelating Fatty Ester.

In the present study, 5-Hydroxy-2-(Oleoyloxymethyl) -4H-pyran-4-one (KMO 3), and their chelated with Cu(II) and Fe(III) ions were synthesized to explore their inhibitory activity against tyrosinase and cytotoxicity. To this end, the structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed by ATR/FT-IR, 13C and 1H-NMR, and UV-vis techniques. The results show that chelating fatty ester presents the bands at 1567m, 1511w cm-1 attributed to the coordinated carbonyl (Cu(II)←[O=C]2), and the bands at 1540m, 1519m cm-1 which were attributed to the coordinated carbonyl (Fe(III)←[O=C]3).

Vaccination opportunity in children up to 6 months old born in 2017 and 2018 in the city of Londrina-PR, Brazil: a population-based survey.

Objective: To evaluate opportunity for vaccination in children born alive in Londrina, up to 6 months old and the relationship between socioeconomic stratum and vaccination regularity.

Method: Population survey study based on a retrospective cohort of children born in 2017 and 2018 that identified vaccines not administered in a given session. Vaccination regularity was compared between socioeconomic strata using Pearson's chi-square test.

Vaccination coverage in children up to 2 years old born in 2017 and 2018 in the municipalities of São Paulo and Campinas, Brazil: comparison of the results of a national survey and the National Immunization Program Information System.

Objective: To estimate and compare vaccination coverage among children born in 2017-2018 in São Paulo and Campinas, according to the Vaccination Coverage Survey (ICV 2020) and the National Immunization Program Information System (SI-PNI).

Methods: ICV 2020 analyzed vaccination card records. Coverage was calculated and compared to doses recorded on the SI-PNI, divided by the target population.

Factors associated with vaccination coverage in children up to 15 months old, born in 2017-2018 in the city of Natal/RN, Brazil: a population-based survey.

Objective: To estimate vaccination coverage and analyze factors associated with full vaccination among children up to 15 months old in the city of Natal-RN, Brazil.

Methods: Population-based survey with data recorded on children's vaccination cards and interviews conducted in 2020 and 2021. Analysis of factors associated with complete vaccination was performed by calculating prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) using Poisson regression.

Analysis of polio vaccination status in a cohort of live births in 2017 and 2018 in Brazilian cities: a national vaccination coverage survey.

Objective: To describe the polio vaccination status in 26 state capitals, the Federal District, and 12 municipalities in Brazil, among children born between 2017 and 2018.

Methods: This was a population-based household survey conducted from 2020 to 2022, which assessed polio vaccination coverage in children, considering valid, administered, and timely doses by municipality.

Results: Data were collected from 37,801 children.

Vaccination coverage, vaccine hesitancy and factors associated with incomplete vaccination: a household survey conducted with children born between 2017 and 2018 in the inland municipalities of Northeastern Brazil.

Objective: To analyze vaccination coverage and factors associated with incomplete vaccination in inland municipalities of Northeastern Brazil.

Methods: This was a household survey using cluster sampling conducted in Vitória da Conquista, Bahia state, Caruaru, Pernambuco state, Sobral, Ceará state and Imperatriz, Maranhão state between 2020 and 2022. Vaccination coverage by valid doses and vaccine hesitancy were analyzed, with the odds ratio (OR) estimated and adjusted using logistic regression.

Vaccination coverage and factors associated with incomplete polio vaccine schedule in children born in 2017-2018, in state capitals and interior region municipalities of Northeast Brazil.

Objective: To analyse vaccination coverage and factors associated with incomplete polio vaccination in a cohort of children born in 2017-2018, in state capitals and interior region municipalities of Northeast Brazil.

Methods: Household survey of children aged ≤24 months conducted between 2020 and 2022. Vaccination coverage and dropout rates were estimated, as well as factors associated with incomplete vaccination, analyzed by calculating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).

Vaccination coverage, delay and loss to follow-up of the triple viral vaccine, in live births between 2017 and 2018 in Brazilian cities.

Objective: To estimate measles-mumps-rubella vaccination coverage, delay and loss to follow-up in children up to 24 months old living in Brazilian cities.

Methods: Surveys and questionnaires with a retrospective cohort of live births in 2017-2018, analyzing vaccination coverage and sociodemographic data of children and families, based on vaccination card records and interviews.

Results: Valid coverage of first dose was 90.

Factors associated with vaccination coverage: a population-based survey in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, 2020-2021.

Objective: To estimate prevalence of the full vaccination schedule for children 12 to 24 months old and to analyze associated factors.

Methods: Survey with cluster sampling carried out in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, between December 16, 2020, and January 4, 2021. Children born in Vitória in 2017 and 2018 were included.

Vaccine hesitancy and consequences for vaccination coverage in children at 24 months of age, born in 2017-2018, living in the state capitals, Federal District and 12 inner region cities of Brazil.

Objective: To analyze vaccine hesitancy associated factors and repercussions on vaccination coverage.

Methods: Cohort of children born in 2017-2018, living in Brazilian state capitals, Federal District (FD), and 12 inner region cities, stratified by socioeconomic level. National Vaccination Coverage Survey (2020) data on hesitancy, access and programmatic difficulties were obtained by interview and coverage was calculated from vaccination card dose and date records.

Unveiling degenerative bone changes in the condyle: a texture analysis approach using cone-beam computed tomography.

Purpose: The degenerative joint disease is a temporomandibular disorder. By analysing texture parameters, it becomes possible to characterize and differentiate various tissues, based on their textural properties according to cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). This study evaluated degenerative diseases in the temporomandibular joint through texture analysis.

Proper timing or ERCP and cholecystectomy on acute cholecystitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To determine if endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) should be performed with surgery or as a different step, on acute cholecystitis, and which strategy has the least complications and morbimortality.

Methods: Various databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, clinical trials, Google Scholar) were searched for randomized trials comparing the different timings for ERCP and cholecystectomy. No language or time restrictions were applied.

Unfolded protein response during the progression of colorectal carcinogenesis.

Purpose: To evaluate the molecular evolution of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress during colorectal cancer carcinogenesis.

Methods: Fifty-six hairless mice were divided into two groups: control (no intervention); and carcinogenesis (treated with two doses of azoxymethane at 10 mg/kg during the third and the fourth week and dextran sodium sulfate at 2.5% for seven days in the second, fifth, and eighth week).