Asymptotic convergence for the dynamics of a Duffing-like oscillator under scaling analyses.

The dynamics of the convergence for the stationary state considering a Duffing-like equation are investigated. The driven potential for these dynamics is supplied by a damped forced oscillator that has a piecewise linear function. Fixed points and their basins of attraction were identified and measured.

First-line immune-based combinations or sunitinib in favorable-risk metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a real-world retrospective comparison from the ARON-1 study.

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common types of urogenital cancer. The introduction of immune-based combinations, including dual immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) or ICI plus tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), has radically changed the treatment landscape for metastatic RCC, showing varying efficacy across different prognostic groups based on the International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) criteria.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective multicenter study, part of the ARON-1 project, aimed to evaluate the outcomes of favorable-risk metastatic RCC patients treated with immune-based combinations or sunitinib.

Evaluation of two low-level laser techniques as an adjunct to basic periodontal therapy: a randomized clinical trial.

To assess and compare two techniques of low-level laser application-transgingival (TLLLT) and intrasulcular (ILLLT)-used in photobiomodulation as an adjunct to basic periodontal therapy (BPT) in patients with periodontitis. A randomized, split-mouth, double-blind clinical trial was conducted, selecting three diseased periodontal sites from different quadrants in each patient. These sites were assigned to one of three treatment groups: SRP (control), SRP + TLLLT (test 1), and SRP + ILLLT (test 2).

PmiR-Select - a computational approach to plant pre-miRNA identification in genomes.

Precursors of microRNAs (pre-miRNAs) are less used in silico to mine miRNAs. This study developed PmiR-Select based on covariance models (CMs) to identify new pre-miRNAs, detecting conserved secondary structural features across RNA sequences and eliminating the redundancy. The pipeline preceded PmiR-Select filtered 20% plant pre-miRNAs (from 38589 to 8677) from miRBase.

Selective outcome reporting concerning antibiotics and third molar surgery.

Objectives: This study evaluates the selective outcome reporting (SOR) in clinical trials on antibiotic use in third molar surgeries. It explores how SOR may bias results and affect systematic reviews, potentially leading to misinterpretations of intervention efficacy.

Materials And Methods: A search was conducted on "ClinicalTrials.

Superparamagnetic nanoparticles as potential systems for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

This study aims to use superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), specifically magnetite (FeO), to deliver deflazacort (DFZ) and ibuprofen (IBU) to Duchenne muscular dystrophy-affected (DMD) mouse muscles using an external magnetic field. The SPIONs are synthesized by the co-precipitation method, and their surfaces are functionalized with L-cysteine to anchor the drugs, considering that the cysteine on the surface of the SPIONs in the solid state dimerizes to form the cystine molecule, creating the FeO-(Cys)-DFZ and FeO-(Cys)-IBU systems for tests. The FeO nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and magnetic measurements.

Low Bone Turnover, Mineralization Impairment, and Cortical Alterations in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Histomorphometric Study.

Patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) experience a higher prevalence of fragility fractures, though the pathophysiology of osteoporosis associated with this disease remains poorly understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the histomorphometric data in r-axSpA patients. Male r-axSpA patients up to 55 years old were enrolled in this cross-sectional study.

Entropy generation and water conservation in the mammalian nephron.

During the transition from fresh waters to terrestrial habitats, significant adaptive changes occurred in kidney function of vertebrates to cope with varying osmotic challenges. We investigated the mechanisms driving water conservation in the mammalian nephron, focusing on the relative contributions of active ion transport and Starling forces. We constructed a thermodynamic model to estimate the entropy generation associated with different processes within the nephron, and analyzed their relative importance in urine formation.

Palatal symmetry analysis of surgical protocols for oral clefts by 3D stereophotogrammetry.

This study aimed to compare the dimensional alterations of the dental arches and the palate symmetry in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate before and after the performance of primary surgeries by different surgical techniques. The sample was divided into Group 1, G1 - cheiloplasty (Millard technique) and single-stage palatoplasty (von Langenbeck technique); Group 2, G2 - cheiloplasty (Millard technique) and two-stage palatoplasty (Hans Pichler and Sommerlad techniques). The digital dental models were evaluated before (Time 1, T1) and after (Time 2, T2) primary surgeries.

Co-delivery of antioxidants and siRNA-VEGF: promising treatment for age-related macular degeneration.

Current treatments for retinal disorders are anti-angiogenic agents, laser photocoagulation, and photodynamic therapies. These conventional treatments focus on reducing abnormal blood vessel formation in the retina, which, in a low-oxygen environment, can lead to harmful proliferation of endothelial cells. This results in dysfunctional, leaky blood vessels that cause retinal edema, hemorrhage, and vision loss.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Physical exercise improves overall brain health, cognition, and stimulates the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in humans. Exercise upregulates irisin, a myokine derived from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) previously shown to mediate the beneficial actions of exercise on memory in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we investigated if physical exercise upregulates EVs.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in elderly humans worldwide. More than 40 million people currently suffer from AD, and this prevalence tends to increase considerably in the coming decades due to increased longevity. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an adaptive signaling mechanism that aims to maintain cell viability under misfolded protein accumulation and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Sleep dysfunction is commonly seen in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP), potentially worsening these conditions. Investigating early neuropathological changes in human sleep-promoting neurons, which often precede cognitive decline, is crucial for understanding the basis for sleep dysfunction as possible treatments yet remain underexplored. We used postmortem brains of AD and PSP patients to quantify neuronal numbers and tau burden in the intermediate nucleus of the hypothalamus (IntN), VLPO analog, known for its role in sleep maintenance.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging greatly impacted Alzheimer's disease (AD) research and diagnosis. which makes predicting PET brain imaging alterations using blood data is of high interest. Additionally, integrating PET and omics data can provide new insights into AD pathophysiology.

Valorization potential of coffee capsule waste: an updated bibliometric review.

In recent years, coffee capsule waste has been generated on an increasingly large scale worldwide, but disposing of it in an environmentally sustainable and economical manner still poses major challenges. This work maps the original scientific production focused on the valorization of coffee capsule waste through a bibliometric review based on scientific articles published in the last 10 years (from 2014 to 2024) in the Scopus database. The review identified different ways of valuing coffee capsule waste, including the development of composite materials, composting, energy production, jewelry and decorative items, and the construction of supercapacitors and sensors.

Evaluation of direct photolysis and UVC/H O process in the oxidation of benzoic acid: experimental and numerical analysis.

Produced water management is a significant challenge for the oil and gas industry. Due to the large volumes and complex composition of this water, treatment requires special attention, resulting in high costs for companies in the sector. Naphthenic acids, known for their recalcitrance, add a layer of complexity to the treatment process.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Excessive daytime sleepiness is a common and early symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The subcortical wake-promoting neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area, tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN), and locus coeruleus synchronize to maintain wakefulness/arousal. Although significant neuronal decline occurs in wake-promoting regions, the TMN histaminergic neurons remain relatively more intact than orexinergic and nor-adrenergic neurons.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by synapse and memory failure, and severe cognitive impairment. Physical exercise stimulates neuroprotective pathways, has pro-cognitive actions, and has been reported to alleviate memory impairment in AD. Irisin, an exercise-induced hormone, is secreted following proteolytic cleavage of fibronectin type-III-domain-containing 5 (FNDC5).

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Nearly all individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) develop neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). Lithium is a mood-stabilizer and is efficient in reducing disruptive behaviors in bipolar-disorder; this characteristic could be an opportunity to investigate the use of lithium in treating behavioral changes in AD.

Method: We tested lithium carbonate treatment in 3xTg-AD and age-matched Wild-type male mice (CEUA/PROCESS: 1605/2020; 4127240122).

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: The proteasome plays key roles in synaptic plasticity and memory by regulating protein turnover, quality control, and elimination of oxidized/misfolded proteins. Here, we investigate proteasome function and localization at synapses in Alzheimer's disease (AD) post-mortem brain tissue and in experimental models.

Method: We used primary hippocampal cultures, amyloid-β oligomers (AβO)-injected or transgenic animal models, and human brain tissue to determine brain proteasome function and subcellular localization.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: The atherosclerotic plaque in carotid arteries has been associated with dementia. Clinic radiological studies in older adults suggest that the composition of atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid artery can predict vascular dementia (VD) or mixed dementia. The proposed study aims to assess components of atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries, particularly concerning cerebrovascular lesions using racially diverse autopsy samples.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as the predominant form of dementia worldwide. The pathogenesis of AD encompasses elevated brain levels of amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs), recognized as central neurotoxins linked to AD. The accumulation of AβOs is neurotoxic, resulting in detrimental effects such as synapse loss, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impairment of proteostasis mechanisms.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: he APOE gene has been identified as a major risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) and has three most common alleles: ε2, ε3, and ε4. The presence of the ε4 allele confers a dose-dependent increased risk for the disease (odds ratio 12.9 for homozygous individuals and between 3.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Glutamatergic neurotransmission system dysregulation may play an important role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, reported results on glutamatergic components across brain regions are contradictory. Here, we conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to examine whether there are consistent glutamatergic abnormalities in the human AD brain.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Lewy body disease (LBD) is a neurodegenerative condition marked by the accumulation of neuronal alpha-synuclein, leading to both Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia. It is regarded as the second most common neurodegenerative disease associated with aging. However, there is limited knowledge of LBD prevalence in the general population, particularly among non-whites.