Comparing analog and 3D measurements of vertical dimension in edentulous subjects.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the feasibility and reliability of measuring the vertical dimension of occlusion/rest (OVD/RVD) on 3D facial scans of edentulous patients.

Methods: Nineteen edentulous participants rehabilitated with complete removable dental prostheses (CDs) participated in this study. Analog measurements (control) were obtained directly on the face for each participant with the jaws positioned at the rest position (without CDs, RVD) and at central occlusion (OVD), between the facial landmarks: Glabella (G) and Soft Pogonion (SP), Pronasale (PN) and SP, and Subnasale (SN) and SP.

Subacute Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in Stress-Exposed Mice: Role of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi Leaf Lectin (SteLL).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Anxiety and depression are leading causes of disability worldwide, often exacerbated by chronic stress. Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi. has been used in traditional medicine for several purposes.

Microspheres based on galactomannan and Spondias purpurea L. extract to increase antifungal and antibiofilm efficacy against Candida spp.

The ongoing problem of an increasing resistance of Candida spp. to available antifungals, has made it necessary the search for new therapeutic alternatives. The aim of this work was to develop a microsphere based on Caesalpinia ferrea galactomannan and Spondias purpurea L.

Designing sustainable soil conditioners: Nanocomposite-based thermoplastic starch for enhanced soil health and crop performance.

The growing demand for sustainable solutions in agriculture, driven by global population growth and increasing soil degradation, has intensified the search for sustainable soil conditioners. This study investigated the impact of adding nanoclay (NC) and nano lignin (NL) to thermoplastic starch (TPS) on its physical, chemical, and thermal properties, its effectiveness as a soil conditioner, and its resistance to UV-C degradation. TPS nanocomposites were prepared with varying NC (3 %, 5 %, 7 %) and NL (0.

Staphylococcus aureus: dynamics of pathogenicity and antimicrobial-resistance in hospital and community environments - comprehensive overview.

This study reviews Staphylococcus aureus, a significant pathogen in both hospital and community-acquired infections, addressing its epidemiology, pathogenesis, and antimicrobial resistance. It highlights virulence mechanisms, such as adhesion factors, toxins, enzymes, and biofilms, which contribute to survival and immune evasion. The spread of resistance occurs through the transfer of mobile genetic elements like SCCmec and genetic mutations.

Clinical Guidelines for Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour Treatment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The treatment of canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) has evolved since its initial description in 1810. Initially considered untreatable in the early 20th century, extensive research over time has significantly advanced our understanding of its aetiopathogenesis. This led to successful chemotherapy treatments, which have shown superior outcomes compared to surgical interventions.

Metacognitive Training for Subjects with Bipolar Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Impairments in social cognition in bipolar disorder (BD) have been extensively described in the last decade but few treatment strategies have been studied to address this issue. This study presents findings from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigating the efficacy of metacognitive training for bipolar disorder (MCT-BD) compared to Treatment as Usual (TAU) among individuals with BD in remission. The aim was to determine whether MCT-BD could improve social cognition and overall functioning in this population.

Phenanthrene toxicity during early development of the neotropical tree frog Dendropsophus branneri.

Phenanthrene is considered a priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon due to its ubiquitous presence in aquatic and terrestrial environments and its toxic potential. Tadpoles are sensitive ecotoxicological models that provide important information regarding effects of contaminants in amphibian species. The goal of the present study was to generate information regarding the acute and chronic toxicity of phenanthrene to the neotropical tree frog Dendropsophus branneri early life stages.

Diffusion coefficient measurements for moving samples under strong magnetic field gradients.

Among the numerous measurements carried out during a well-logging procedure, the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) assessment is one of the fundamental analyses in determining the economic viability of a well for the oil industry. Nowadays, two reliable approaches, Wireline Logging (WL) and Logging While Drilling (LWD), stand out. WL comprises the acquisition of NMR data under static conditions.

Thickness-dependence of the in-plane thermal conductivity and the interfacial thermal conductance of supported MoS2.

Nowadays, experimental research advances in condensed matter physics are deep-rooted in the development and manipulation of nanomaterials, making it essential to explore the fundamental properties of materials that are candidates for nanotechnology. In this work, we study the dependence of the molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) Raman modes on the sample temperature and on the excitation laser power. From the correlation between these two sets of measurements, we determine the planar thermal conductivity of MoSmonolayers, bilayers, trilayers, four layers, seven layers, and eight layers.

Disrupted homeostasis in sickle cells: Expanding the comprehension of metabolism adaptation and related therapeutic strategies.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary hemolytic anemia associated with the alteration of the membrane composition of the sickle erythrocytes, the loss of glycolysis, dysregulation of the pyruvate phosphatase pathway, and changes in nucleotide metabolism of the sickle red blood cell (RBC). This review provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of the presence of Hb S, which leads to the disruption of the normal RBC metabolism. The intricate interplay between the redox and energetic balance in erythrocytic cells, where the glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and methemoglobin reductase pathways are all altered in sickle RBC, is a key focus.

Single-molecule resolution of the conformation of polymers and dendrimers with solid-state nanopores.

Polymers and dendrimers are macromolecules, possessing unique and intriguing characteristics, that are widely applied in self-assembled functional materials, green catalysis, drug delivery and sensing devices. Traditional approaches for the structural characterization of polymers and dendrimers involve DLS, GPC, NMR, IR and TG, which provide their physiochemical features and ensemble information, whereas their unimolecular conformation and dispersion also are key features allowing to understand their transporting profile in confined ionic nanochannels. This work demonstrates the nanopore approach for the determination of charged homopolymers, neutral block copolymer and dendrimers under distinct bias potentials and pH conditions.

Trastuzumab deruxtecan in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer brain metastases: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis.

Background: Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) has shown promising activity in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer (BC) and central nervous system (CNS) involvement. In this updated meta-analysis, we explore the effectiveness of T-DXd in a large subset of patients with HER2-positive BC and CNS disease.

Methods: A systematic search was made on September 16th, 2024, for studies investigating T-DXd in the scenario of HER2-positive BC and brain metastases (BMs) and/or leptomeningeal disease (LMD).

Relative fire-proneness of land cover types in the Brazilian Atlantic forest.

Fires are increasingly affecting tropical biomes, where landscape-fire interactions remain understudied. We investigate the fire-proneness-the likelihood of a land use or land cover (LULC) type burning more or less than expected based on availability-in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (AF). This biodiversity hotspot is increasingly affected by fires due to human activities and climate change.

Efficiency Analysis of Healthcare Systems in Latin American and Caribbean Countries: An Application Based on Data Envelopment Analysis.

Objectives: Despite the increasing investments in Latin American healthcare, the corresponding improvement in population health is not proportional. This discrepancy may be attributed to the efficiency of resource utilization. This study used the data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology to assess the efficiency of healthcare systems in 23 Latin American and Caribbean countries.

Floodplain forests drive fruit-eating fish diversity at the Amazon Basin-scale.

Unlike most rivers globally, nearly all lowland Amazonian rivers have unregulated flow, supporting seasonally flooded floodplain forests. Floodplain forests harbor a unique tree species assemblage adapted to flooding and specialized fauna, including fruit-eating fish that migrate seasonally into floodplains, favoring expansive floodplain areas. Frugivorous fish are forest-dependent fauna critical to forest regeneration via seed dispersal and support commercial and artisanal fisheries.

Factors associated with tuberculosis treatment initiation among bacteriologically negative individuals evaluated for tuberculosis: An individual patient data meta-analysis.

Background: Globally, over one-third of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) disease diagnoses are made based on clinical criteria after a negative bacteriological test result. There is limited information on the factors that determine clinicians' decisions to initiate TB treatment when initial bacteriological test results are negative.

Methods And Findings: We performed a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis using studies conducted between January 2010 and December 2022 (PROSPERO: CRD42022287613).

Rabies transmitted from vampires to cattle: An overview.

Rabies is a zoonotic infectious disease of global distribution that impacts human and animal health. In rural Latin America, rabies negatively impacts food security and the economy due to losses in livestock production. The common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus, is the main reservoir and transmitter of rabies virus (RABV) to domestic animals in Latin America.

Involvement of GTPases and vesicle adapter proteins in Heparan sulfate biosynthesis: role of Rab1A, Rab2A and GOLPH3.

Vesicle trafficking is pivotal in heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis, influencing its spatial and temporal regulation within distinct Golgi compartments. This regulation modulates the sulfation pattern of HS, which is crucial for governing various biological processes. Here, we investigate the effects of silencing Rab1A and Rab2A expression on the localisation of 3-O-sulfotransferase-5 (3OST5) within Golgi compartments and subsequent alterations in HS structure and levels.

Family Perspectives on Functional Priorities for Brazilian Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy.

This study aimed to identify the functional priorities of parents/guardians of Brazilian children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) and to examine possible variations in priorities concerning different age groups and functional classifications. This cross-sectional study included 171 children with CP (mean age: 7.68 ± 3.

Androgen Receptor Pathway Inhibitor Therapy for Advanced Prostate Cancer: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The open-label randomized phase 2 LACOG0415 trial evaluated 3 treatment strategies for patients with advanced castration-sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC): androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) plus abiraterone acetate and prednisone (AAP), apalutamide (APA) alone, or APA plus AAP.

Objective: To investigate the association of ADT plus AAP, APA alone, or APA plus AAP with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with advanced CSPC in the LACOG0415 trial.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The LACOG0415 randomized clinical trial comprised 128 patients with advanced CSPC who were randomized (1:1:1) to 1 of 3 treatment arms from October 16, 2017, to April 23, 2019.

McGrath MAC Versus Three-Dimensional Printed Video Laryngoscopes: A Randomized, Manikin-Simulated Noninferiority Controlled Study with Medical Students.

Background: Proficiency in endotracheal intubation (ETI) is essential for medical professionals and its training should start at medical schools; however, large caseload may be required before achieving an acceptable success rate with direct laryngoscopy. Video laryngoscopy has proven to be an easier alternative for intubation with a faster learning curve, but its availability in medical training may be an issue due to its high market prices. We devised a low-cost 3-dimensionally printed video laryngoscope (3DVL) and performed a randomized trial to evaluate if the intubation success rate on the first attempt with this device is noninferior to a standard commercially available video laryngoscope (STVL).

Cecal microbial composition and serum concentration of short-chain fatty acids in laying hens fed different fiber sources.

The intestinal microbiota is widely recognized as an integral factor in host health, metabolism, and immunity. In this study, the impact of dietary fiber sources on the intestinal microbiota and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was evaluated in Lohmann White laying hens. The hens were divided into four treatment groups: a control diet without fiber, a diet with wheat bran (mixed fibers), a diet with insoluble fiber (cellulose), and a diet with soluble fiber (pectin), with six replicates of four hens each.

MiRNAs and tempol therapeutic potential in prostate cancer: a preclinical approach.

This study investigated tempol action on genes and miRNAs related to NFκB pathway in androgen dependent or independent cell lines and in TRAMP model in the early and late-stages of cancer progression. A bioinformatic search was conducted to select the miRNAs to be measured based on the genes of interest from NFκB pathway. The miR-let-7c-5p, miR-26a-5p and miR-155-5p and five target genes (BCL2, BCL2L1, RELA, TNF, PTGS2) were chosen for RT-PCR and gene enrichment analyses.

Combined exercise-induced modulation of Notch pathway and muscle quality in senescence-accelerated mice.

The Notch signaling pathway is crucial for skeletal muscle development, regeneration, inflammation, and aging. This study investigated the association between interleukin-10 (IL-10) and the Notch pathway in C2C12 cells, as well as explored the effects of combined endurance and resistance exercise on the Notch and autophagy pathways in the skeletal muscle of senescence-accelerated mouse-resistant 1 Sedentary (SAMR1 CT), SAMR1 exercised (SAMR1 EX), senescence-accelerated prone mouse 8 Sedentary (SAMP8 CT), and SAMP8 exercised (SAMP8 EX). C2C12 myoblasts were transfected with siIL-10.