The mechanisms of thermal processing techniques on modifying structural, functional and flour-processing properties of whole-grain highland barley.

The mechanisms underlying three thermal processing methods, namely hot-air drying, microwave irradiation, and heat fluidization, were systematically investigated to evaluate their effects on the structural, functional, and flour-processing properties of whole-grain highland barley. Starch granules were partially damaged when treated with hot-air drying and microwave irradiation. However, these granules were predominantly aggregated or encapsulated in proteins following heat fluidization.

Cationic and anionic PLGA-cholesterol hybrid nanoparticles as promising platforms to enhance the trypanocidal efficacy of benznidazole and drug delivery in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected cells.

Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, remains a significant global health challenge. Currently, benznidazole (BNZ) is the primary treatment in many countries. However, this drug is limited by low bioavailability, significant host toxicity, and reduced efficacy in chronic disease phase.

Statins and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A concise review.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome affecting 20-30 % of the adult population worldwide. This disease, which includes simple steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, poses a significant risk for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Lifestyle modifications are crucial in the treatment of NAFLD; however, patient adherence remains challenging.

Sex-specific associations of neurodegeneration and inflammatory biomarkers with intrinsic capacity in older adults: Findings from the 4-year longitudinal Multidomain Alzheimer's Prevention Trial (MAPT).

This four-year longitudinal study investigated whether the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of inflammation-related and neurodegenerative-related blood biomarkers with intrinsic capacity differ according to sex. The sample comprised 1117 older adults (<70 years, 63.8 % females) from the Multidomain Alzheimer's Prevention Trial (MAPT).

Investigation of bacterial nanocellulose/calcium phosphates-based composite containing cerium for bone repair.

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) has attracted considerable attention in the field of biomedical engineering due to its potential for use in bone regeneration applications. The present study investigates the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) combined with calcium and cerium ions (BNC-Ce:CaP) in bone regeneration applications. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of monetite and hydroxyapatite phases in BNC-CaP, while BNC-Ce:CaP revealed an additional brushite phase.

Are impulsive compulsive behaviors associated with levodopa-induced dyskinesia? A Brazilian cross-sectional study.

Purpose Of This Research: To study the association between ICBs and LIDs and to assess the predictors of ICBs in this sample.

Methods: We intentionally evaluated 90 Brazilian PD patients younger than 60 in one evaluation that included the application of Questionnaire for Impulsive Compulsive Disorders - Current Short (QUIP-CS), Barratt Impulsive Scale-11 (BIS-11), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale parts III and IV, Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (UDysRS), and a cognitive assessment.

Results: ICB group had a longer PD duration (8.

Impact of Copper(II) and Silver(I) Complexes Containing 1,10-Phenanthroline-5,6-dione on Cellular and Virulence Aspects of Scedosporium apiospermum.

Background: Scedosporium apiospermum is a multidrug-resistant filamentous fungus that causes localized and disseminated diseases. Our group has previously described that metalbased complexes containing copper(II) or silver(I) ions complexed with 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6- dione (phendione) inhibited the viability of S. apiospermum conidial cells.

Antifungal effects of thiosemicarbazone-chalcones on Aspergillus, Candida and Sporothrix strains.

The frequency of opportunistic fungal infections has been increasing, impacting agriculture, food, and health sectors. In this work, four thiosemicarbazone-chalcones (TC) were synthesized and evaluated by the radial diffusion method against filamentous fungi. All TCs were effective against Aspergillus parasiticus, especially the fluor-substituted one, with radial growth inhibition of 62,9% and 74,4% at the lower (0.

Detection of Rocahepevirus ratti in Bivalve Mollusks from São Luís Island, Maranhão, Brazil: A Potential Transmission Route of an Emerging Zoonotic Pathogen?

The attempt to investigate hepatitis E virus (HEV) contamination in naturally growing mangrove bivalve mollusks captured for local sale in a touristic area of Maranhão state in Brazil revealed the detection of rat hepatitis E virus (ratHEV). Using international standard protocols for processing and nucleic acid extraction, we analyzed 89 bivalve samples (Mytella falcata and Crassostrea rhizophorae) with two broadly reactive assays: heminested pan-Hepeviridae (ORF-1) and probe-based HEV-1 to HEV-4 (ORF-2/ORF-3). Heminested reactions presented 2 (2.

Antennal sensilla variability among castes and sexes in the leaf-cutter ant Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus.

Insect antennae play a crucial role in communication, acting as receptors for both chemical and physical cues. This sensory reception is facilitated by specialized cuticular structures known as sensilla, which exhibit diverse morphologies and functions. In ants, caste polymorphism and sexual dimorphism manifest in antennal structure.

Anthelmintic Potential of Conjugated Long-Chain Fatty Acids Isolated from the Bioluminescent Mushroom .

With praziquantel being the sole available drug for schistosomiasis, identifying novel anthelmintic agents is imperative. A chemical investigation of the fruiting body of the bioluminescent mushroom Berk. resulted in the isolation of new conjugated long-chain fatty acids (8,10,12,13)-12,13-dihydroxy-7-oxo-octadeca-8,10-dienoic acid () and (7,8,9,11)-7,8-dihydroxy-13-oxo-octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid () and three previously described compounds, (7,8,9)-7,8-dihydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid (), (2)-dec-2-ene-1,10-dioic acid (), and a ketolactone marasmeno-1,15-dione ().

Potent antiviral action detected in extracts against .

Background: , a notable plant species, has garnered interest for its medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiviral effects. A vaccine for Chikungunia virus is still under evaluation and no specific antiviral drug has been licensed to date.

Objective: The work investigated antiviral activity of ethyl acetate (EAEF) and methanolic (EMF) extracts from leaves in mammalian cells exposed to (CHIKV).

Color Change and Cytotoxic Effects of a Bleaching Gel With 22% Carbamide Peroxide Catalyzed by Manganese Oxide.

Objectives: To evaluate the color change and trans-amelodentinal cytotoxicity of a 22% carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching gel containing different concentration of manganese oxide (MnO).

Material And Methods: Enamel/dentin discs adapted to artificial pulp chambers were distributed according to treatments: CN-No treatment; CP22%-22%CP; CP22 + 2MnO-22%CP + 2 mg/mLMnO; CP22% + 6MnO-22%CP + 6 mg/mLMnO; CP22% + 10MnO-22%CP + 10 mg/mLMnO applied for 2 h for 15 days. Color change-CC (ΔE and ΔWI) (n = 8) was determined at 5, 10, and 15-day periods (ANOVA/Sidak).

Deep Learning-Based Three-Dimensional Analysis Reveals Distinct Patterns of Condylar Remodelling After Orthognathic Surgery in Skeletal Class III Patients.

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate morphometric changes in mandibular condyles of patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion following two-jaw orthognathic surgery planned using virtual surgical planning (VSP) and analysed with automated three-dimensional (3D) image analysis based on deep-learning techniques.

Materials And Methods: Pre-operative (T1) and 12-18 months post-operative (T2) Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans of 17 patients (mean age: 24.8 ± 3.

Comparative clinical and incremental cost-effectiveness analysis of treatments for pelvic inflammatory disease in southern Brazil.

Objective: This paper evaluates the accuracy of C-reactive protein (CRP), leukocyte count, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for diagnosing tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) and assessing the cost-effectiveness of different treatment regimens for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), with and without TOA.

Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 1, 2003, and December 30, 2021, including women aged 13-80 years diagnosed with PID. The analysis focused on the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of different treatment regimens.

Thermodynamic Stability in Transition Metal-Hydrogen Dications: Potential Energy Curves, Spectroscopic Parameters, and Bonding for VH.

Seventeen electronic states of the dication VH were characterized by the SA-CASSCF/icMRCI methodology using very extended basis sets; 11 were described for the first time. Potential energy curves were constructed and the associated spectroscopic parameters evaluated. Triplet and quintet states correlating with the V + H channel are thermodynamic stable.

Land Use Change Consistently Reduces α- But Not β- and γ-Diversity of Bees.

Land use change threatens global biodiversity and compromises ecosystem functions, including pollination and food production. Reduced taxonomic α-diversity is often reported under land use change, yet the impacts could be different at larger spatial scales (i.e.

Patient's Perception of Primary Health Care Provision With Respect to Access, Continuity and Coordination-InCept: An International Qualitative Perspective.

Health care systems are confronted with an increasing burden of (multi-)morbidity and a shortfall of healthcare providers. Coordination and continuity of care in chronic and multi-morbid patient is especially important. As qualitative patient experience data within care processes is scarce, we aim to increase the understanding of chronically ill patient's perspectives by assessing patient experiences in different health systems while treated in primary care.

Semaglutide restores astrocyte-vascular interactions and blood-brain barrier integrity in a model of diet-induced metabolic syndrome.

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a metabolic disorder related to obesity and insulin resistance and is the primary determinant of the development of low-intensity chronic inflammation. This continuous inflammatory response culminates in neuroimmune-endocrine dysregulation responsible for the metabolic abnormalities and morbidities observed in individuals with MetS. Events such as the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue, increased plasma concentrations of free fatty acids, tissue hypoxia, and sympathetic hyperactivity in individuals with MetS may contribute to the activation of the innate immune response, which compromises cerebral microcirculation and the neurovascular unit, leading to the onset or progression of neurodegenerative diseases.

Clinical impact of healthcare-associated infections in Brazilian ICUs: a multicenter prospective cohort.

Background: Limited data is available to evaluate the burden of device associated healthcare infections (HAI) [central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP)] in low and-middle-income countries. Our aim is to investigate the population attributable mortality fraction and the absolute mortality difference of HAI in a broad population of critically ill patients from Brazil.

Methods: Multicenter cohort study from September 2019 to December 2023 with prospective individual patient data collection.

Self-perceived physical fitness and occurrences of individual levels of autistic traits in adolescents: a cluster association study.

Background: The association between physical fitness and autistic traits in adolescents remains under explored, especially in adolescents. Understanding this relationship can provide strategies to improve the quality of life of these people.

Objective: To identify the association between cluster characteristics derived from levels of self-perceived physical fitness and the occurrences of individual levels of autistic traits in Brazilian adolescents.

Development of a digital memory and learning test for elderly individuals.

Background: Population aging and the increase in memory-related diseases have motivated the search for accessible cognitive screening instruments. To develop a digital memory and learning test (DMLT) based on Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) principles to assess cognition in the elderly and identify early cognitive decline.

Methods: The research was divided into two phases: developing the digital test and the experimental phase of comparison with a reference test.

Comparison between AI and human expert performance in acute pain assessment in sheep.

This study explores the question whether Artificial Intelligence (AI) can outperform human experts in animal pain recognition using sheep as a case study. It uses a dataset of N = 48 sheep undergoing surgery with video recordings taken before (no pain) and after (pain) surgery. Four veterinary experts used two types of pain scoring scales: the sheep facial expression scale (SFPES) and the Unesp-Botucatu composite behavioral scale (USAPS), which is the 'golden standard' in sheep pain assessment.