Radiological findings on computed tomography examinations of adult patients in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital.

Objective: To identify and analyze the main findings on computed tomography (CT) scans ordered in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted through analysis of CT scans of the head, chest, and abdomen of all patients admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital over a period of four months.

Results: Among a sample of 331 patients, pathological radiological findings were observed in 59.

Dynamic anterior stabilization of the shoulder using buttons.

Background: Surgical procedures to treat anterior shoulder instability are essentially divided into those for significant bone loss and those without relevant bone loss. However, there is a gray area between these procedures that would not require bone grafting but would benefit from improved stabilization mechanisms. This study evaluates a technique based on the triple soft tissue block, the dynamic anterior stabilization of the shoulder, using an adjustable button.

Perceptibility and Acceptability Thresholds for Color Differences in Ceramic Shade Tabs: A Comparison Between Dentists and Patients.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the 50%:50% perceptibility thresholds (PT) and acceptability thresholds (AT) for color differences in ceramic shade tabs observed by dentists and patients using CIEDE2000 color difference formula.

Material And Methods: Twenty-two combinations of ceramic shade tabs from the VITA 3D Master shade guide were assembled to be used for the visual comparison analyses. The color difference between each shade tab pair was numerically determined by spectrophotometry using the VITA EasyShade V, and calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula (ΔE00).

Pain perception and morbidity after peri-implant surgeries in patients with and without temporomandibular disorder - A clinical study.

Background: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) involves various conditions affecting the anatomy and functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Hence, this study evaluated pain perception and morbidity after dental implant surgeries in patients with and without TMD.

Material And Methods: It is a prospective randomized clinical trial with 50 participants with and without TMD, randomly selected for rehabilitation procedures with dental implants.

Bioactive silicon-based dental gel associated with a calcium booster for dentin hypersensitivity treatment: A randomized clinical study.

Background: Dentin hypersensitivity affects a significant portion of the world's population, causing pain and negatively impacting oral health and quality of life This clinical study investigated the effectiveness of a desensitizing fluoride silicon-rich dental gel associated with a calcium booster.

Material And Methods: In this single-blind, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial, forty-eight volunteers diagnosed with dentin hypersensitivity and qualified to participate were randomized into 2 groups: (1) fluoride silicon-rich dental gel (REFX Technology)/calcium booster (Si/Ca protocol); (2) Pumice stone diluted in saline. A draw was carried out between the right and left sides of the patients so that either a prophylaxis with the dental gel associated with calcium or with fine pumice stone diluted in saline was carried out.

A survey of lip lesions diagnosed in a single institution: A clinicopathological study.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the clinicopathological features of lip lesions diagnosed in a single Oral Pathology service in Brazil.

Material And Methods: It was a cross-sectional study based on secondary data. Between 2000 and 2019, all lip lesions diagnosed in an Oral Pathology service in Brazil were analyzed.

Surgical-related Morphological Characteristics of Sphenoid Sinuses: A Comprehensive CT-Based Analysis.

Background: This study aims to assess the relationships between sphenoid sinus (SS) types, septation, lobulation, symmetry, septal deviation, and the variations in SS pneumatization regarding the surrounding neurovascular structures using Computed tomography (CT) images. Sexes and age groups were investigated.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated head CT-scans of 320 patients (age range 18-49 years); mean of 43.

Mesenchymal stem cell therapies evidence in the treatment of irradiated salivary glands: A scoping review.

Background: Radiotherapy is one of the main treatments for head and neck cancer; however, due to its non-selectivity the glandular tissue can be affected. This scoping review aimed to identify the evidence about mesenchymal stem cell therapies for irradiated salivary gland regeneration.

Material And Methods: Two independent reviewers performed a literature search in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.

Survival of teeth with external cervical resorption after Internal and External Repair: A Systematic Review.

Background: To analyze the survival rate of teeth affected by invasive cervical resorption after internal and external repair.

Material And Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and gray literature at the DANS Easy Archive until September 2023. The selected studies were subjected to risk assessment of bias, and the quality of evidence was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale.

Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in an Urban Multiethnic Indigenous Community from Amazonas.

Introduction: Studies about dementia in Indigenous communities are still scarce worldwide, especially in low-middle-income countries, limiting timely intervention in minority groups. Our research aimed to bridge this gap by determining the prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND), and the associated factors, in a multiethnic Indigenous community in Manaus, Brazil.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study evaluated the cognitive and functional performances of 141 Indigenous individuals (aged 50 and above).

Statin use and dementia risk: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: Dementia affects 55 million people globally, with the number projected to triple by 2050. Statins, widely prescribed for cardiovascular benefits, may also have neuroprotective effects, although studies on their impact on dementia risk have shown contradictory results. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

Pytaxon: A Python software for resolving and correcting taxonomic names in biodiversity data.

Background: The standardisation and correction of taxonomic names in large biodiversity databases remain persistent challenges for researchers, as errors in species names can compromise ecological analyses, land-use planning and conservation efforts, particularly when inaccurate data are shared on global biodiversity portals.

New Information: We present pytaxon, a Python software designed to resolve and correct taxonomic names in biodiversity data by leveraging the Global Names Verifier (GNV) API and employing fuzzy matching techniques to suggest corrections for discrepancies and nomenclatural inconsistencies. The pytaxon offers both a Command Line Interface (CLI) and a Graphical User Interface (GUI), ensuring accessibility to users with different levels of computing expertise.

Changes in blowfly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) wing morphology during succession in rat carcasses across forest and grassland habitats in South Brazil.

Succession is one of the most extensively studied ecological phenomena, yet debates persist about the importance of dispersal and external factors in driving this process. We aimed to quantify the influence of these factors by investigating how wing-related traits evolve across succession of blowfly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) communities in South Brazil. Rat carrion was placed in both forest and grassland habitats, and the associated blowfly communities were documented throughout the decomposition process.

Prognostic value of changes in vibration-controlled transient elastography parameters for liver, cardiovascular and mortality outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: The Rio de Janeiro type 2 diabetes cohort.

Background/aims: The prognostic importance of changes in vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) parameters, liver stiffness measurement (LSM), and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is unknown.

Methods: A prospective cohort of 288 patients underwent 2 VCTE exams at least 2 years apart, and the relative percentage changes in LSM and CAP were calculated. Outcomes were the occurrence of any liver-related events (LREs), cardiovascular events (CVEs), and all-cause mortality.

Prevalence and Associations of Xerostomia in Older Adults in Southern Brazil.

Objectives: This study investigated the prevalence and associations of xerostomia in older adults in southern Brazil.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Pelotas, Brazil, during 2014. A representative sample of the city's older adult population (60+) was selected.

Comparative Analysis Between Strip and Gels Indicated for at Home Bleaching: Analysis of Color Alteration, Roughness and Microhardness of Dental Enamel.

Purpose: To compare the color alteration, surface roughness and microhardness and cross-sectional microhardness of bovine enamel treated with at-home whitening strips and gels.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-six pigmented specimens (n = 11) were allocated to six groups: C-cotton wool moistened with distilled water for 1 h; SDS-sodium dithionite strip, for 1 h; HPS-6.5% hydrogen peroxide strip, for 1 h; CPS-20% carbamide peroxide strip, for 1 h; HPG-7.

Exploring the Potential Use of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, and Postbiotics as Adjuvants for Modulating the Vaginal Microbiome: a Bibliometric Review.

Women's health is related to several factors that include physical, mental, and reproductive health. Additionally, the vaginal microbiota modulation performs a fundamental role in the regulation of physiological homeostasis and dysbiosis, which provides us a potential overview of the use of different biotic agents and their implications for female health. The objective of this work was propitiated insights and conception about the influence of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics as adjuvants for prevention/treatment on the main infections that can affect women's health.

Solar-based technologies for removing potentially toxic metals from water sources: a review.

Technological advances have led to a proportional increase in the deposition of contaminants across various environmental compartments, including water sources. Heavy metals, also known as potentially toxic metals, are of particular concern due to their significant harmful impacts on environmental and human health. Among the available methods for mitigating the threat of these metals in water, solar radiation-based technologies stand out for their cleanliness, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency in removing or reducing the toxicity of heavy metals.

Blended ƙ-carrageenan and xanthan gum hydrogel containing ketoprofen-loaded nanoemulsions: Design, characterization, and evaluation in an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis.

This study reports the preparation of hydrogels (HG) made with xanthan gum (XG) and ƙ-carrageenan (KC) polysaccharides containing ketoprofen (KET)-loaded nanoemulsions (NK) and their evaluation in a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model. The nano-based HGs exhibited nanometric-sized droplets (~ 100 nm), an acidic pH (5.10-6.

High-intensity interval aerobic exercise delays recovery from heart rate variability: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Purpose: The present review investigates the responses of heart rate variability indices following high-intensity interval aerobic exercise, comparing it with moderate-intensity continuous exercise in adults, with the aim of informing clinical practice.

Methods: Searches were conducted in four databases until March 2023. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials that assessed heart rate variability indices such as the standard deviation of normal-to-normal heartbeat intervals (SDNN), the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), the proportion of the number of pairs of successive normal-to-normal (NN or R-R) intervals that differ by more than 50 ms (NN50) divided by the total number of NN intervals (pNN50), power in high frequency range (HF), power in low frequency range (LF), and LF/HF before and after high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous aerobic exercise.

Behavior and changes in rectal temperature in dogs and cats undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapy: clinical data review.

The assessment of rectal temperature and behavior is an important parameter in all patients for whom hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is used. The study aims to verify if there is less reduction in body temperature after HBO therapy in restless patients and their behavior during the therapeutic session. Clinical data from 217 HBO therapy sessions with 2 to 2,5 atmospheres absolute (ATA) were reviewed under therapy protocols of 30 (P1) or 45 (P2) minutes, covering 29 canines and 13 felines.

Ontogeny of adenohypophyseal cells, pituitary gland development, and structure in adults of Astyanax lacustris (Teleostei, Characiformes): an emerging Neotropical model fish species.

Pituitary gland morphogenesis and the ontogeny of the adenohypophyseal (AH) cells of Astyanax lacustris are presented herein. This Characiformes species shows great ecological and commercial importance, and it has been increasingly used as animal model. For this study, A.

Effects of a Habitat Integrity Gradient on the Diversity of Odonates in the Legal Amazonia Zone of the Brazilian State of Maranhão.

The diverse ecosystems of the Amazon biome play a vital role in the maintenance of biodiversity and delivering essential ecosystem services at both local and global levels. Small-bodied generalist insects, such as those from the order Odonata, contribute significantly to these services and are recognized as sensitive bioindicators of environmental quality. The present study evaluated the diversity and distribution of adult odonates in the Legal Amazonia zone of the Brazilian state of Maranhão, to identify the key environmental drivers shaping local odonate communities.

Phosphoproteomics for studying signaling pathways evoked by hormones of the renin-angiotensin system: A source of untapped potential.

The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is a complex neuroendocrine system consisting of a single precursor protein, angiotensinogen (AGT), which is processed into various peptide hormones, including the angiotensins [Ang I, Ang II, Ang III, Ang IV, Ang-(1-9), Ang-(1-7), Ang-(1-5), etc] and Alamandine-related peptides [Ang A, Alamandine, Ala-(1-5)], through intricate enzymatic pathways. Functionally, the RAS is divided into two axes with opposing effects: the classical axis, primarily consisting of Ang II acting through the AT receptor (ATR), and in contrast the protective axis, which includes the receptors Mas, ATR and MrgD and their respective ligands. A key area of RAS research is to gain a better understanding how signaling cascades elicited by these receptors lead to either "classical" or "protective" effects, as imbalances between the two axes can contribute to disease.