Reduced gray matter volume in limbic and cortical areas is associated with anxiety and depression in alcohol use disorder patients.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a multifactorial disease closely related to neurodevelopment and environmental factors that influence behavior. This study explored the relationships between brain volume and behavior from an Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) based on the Research Domain Criteria. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from recent patients with AUD (n = 50) and healthy controls (HC=50).

Biomechanical evaluation of different fixation techniques in the rotation of the maxillary occlusal plane after Le Fort I osteotomy.

Background: To analyze the biomechanical and functional characteristics of different maxillary fixation techniques after Le Fort I osteotomy and occlusal plane rotation, using the finite element method to simulate the mechanical behavior of three different osteosynthesis approaches.

Material And Methods: This is a virtual experimental study carried out using finite element analysis to compare three different osteosynthesis techniques after Le Fort I osteotomy and rotation of the maxillary occlusal plane. Three configurations were tested: four-point fixation with "L" plates (C1), two-point fixation with "L" plates (C2), and two-point fixation with pre-modeled Lindorf plates (C3).

Impact of nanostructured formulations for schistosomiasis treatment: a systematic review of in vivo preclinical evidence.

Background: Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Schistosoma sp., and praziquantel (PZQ) is the first-line treatment. However, traditional PZQ formulations have low solubility and fast metabolism, limiting its effectiveness.

Situational Analysis of the Medication Practices in Brazilian Hospitals: A Multicenter Study.

Objective: To carry out a situational analysis of the medication practices in Brazilian hospitals through the Medication Safety Self-Assessment for Hospitals and the factors associated with better performance in the evaluation.

Methods: This is a multicenter cross-sectional study in which the results of the application of the Medication Safety Self-Assessment for Hospitals, between 2015 and 2020, in 30 Brazilian hospitals were described. In addition, whether the institutional profile was associated with higher self-assessment scores (better performance in the evaluation) was also evaluated.

Cell wall polysaccharides from macauba pulp (Acrocomia aculeata L.): Fractionation and characterization of their chemical and rheological properties.

Macauba fruit pulp (Acrocomia aculeata) is an emerging oil source. After de-oiling, the macauba pulp meal (MPM) offers a dietary fiber content of 40-50 %, which mainly comprises cell wall polysaccharides (CWP). The present work aimed to assess the potential of MPM as an innovative source of sustainable food polysaccharides.

Left ventricular elastance with resting volumetric transthoracic echocardiography identifies different phenotypes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A retrospective analysis of a multicenter prospective observational study.

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous entity including patients with different phenotypes of near normal, normal, and supernormal left ventricular (LV) function.

Objectives: To assess the value of resting LV elastance (also known as force) with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to identify HFpEF phenotypes.

Methods: In a prospective, observational, multicenter study, 2380 HFpEF patients were recruited from July 2016 to May 2024.

Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with liver cirrhosis - a propensity-matched analysis from a multicentric Brazilian cohort.

Background: Cirrhosis has been pointed out as a clinical entity that leads to worse clinical prognosis in COVID-19 patients. However, this concept is controversial in the literature. We aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes by comparing patients with cirrhosis to those without cirrhosis in a Brazilian cohort.

Evaluation of radiation therapy on grafted and non-grafted defects: an experimental rat model.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of a single-dose radiation therapy (15 Gy) on grafted and non-grafted defects, bone microarchitecture, and collagen maturity.

Methodology: Bone defects were surgically created in rat femurs. The right femur defect was filled with blood clot (group "Clot") and the left femur defect by deproteinized bovine bone mineral graft (group "Xenograft").

Transgender people and travestis experiencing homelessness in Salvador: a descriptive study on sociodemographic profile and access to social assistance and health services, Brazil, 2021 and 2022.

Objective: To describe the sociodemographic profile and access to social assistance and health services among trans people and travestis experiencing homelessness in Salvador, the capital city of Bahia state.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 24 (4.5%) participants who identified as trans people or travestis out of a total of 529 people, aged 18 or older, living in public spaces or institutional shelters included in the survey.

Acceptability and completeness of vaccination schedules recommended for transgender women and travestis in the city of São Paulo, Brazil: a cross-sectional study, 2019-2020.

Objective: To assess adherence to and completeness of vaccination schedules against human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis A and B among transgender women and travestis in São Paulo, capital city of São Paulo state.

Methods: This was a secondary data analysis of the multicenter TransOdara study. Data were collected from 403 transgender women and travestis aged 18 years or older, recruited through respondent-driven sampling between December 2019 and October 2020.

Social network for guardians of transgender children and adolescents.

Objective: To analyze the social network of mothers, fathers or guardians of transgender children or adolescents.

Methods: This was a qualitative study, based on the theoretical framework of social network, with a focus on the primary network. The study was conducted in Brazil through online interviews between August and October 2021.

National and subnational plans for primary prevention and early detection of oral and oropharyngeal cancer: a scoping review.

This scoping review maps primary prevention and early detection strategies for oral and oropharyngeal cancer across national cancer plans and noncommunicable disease plans from all World Health Organization Member States. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, bibliographic search was performed on key organization websites until March 2023. Of the 194 countries assessed three had subnational plans, resulting in 264 self-governing political entities and similar with revised plans.

[Extension of the term of validity of pharmaceutical patents by lawsuits: effects on centralized procurement and the private market].

In 2021, the sole paragraph of article 40 of the Industrial Property Law (LPI) was declared unconstitutional. As a result, some companies filed lawsuits seeking an extension of the term of validity of their pharmaceutical patents. This article aims to estimate the possible economic consequences of the extension of the term of patents in spending on medicines for centralized procurement and the private market.

[Overall excess mortality and COVID-19 mortality in Brazil and Brazilian regions in 2020].

This study aimed to evaluate the overall excess mortality and COVID-19 mortality in the regions of Brazil, in 2020, by sex and age group. An ecological study was carried out to calculate the overall excess mortality, by sex and age group, using the expected number of deaths in a non-pandemic context and the deaths observed in 2020. Data on deaths were extracted from the Brazilian Mortality Information System, in addition to population data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.

[Mental illness in former residents affected by the extraction of rock salt from a mining company in Maceió, Alagoas State, Brazil].

This study aimed to investigate the presence of mental illness in victims of soil instability in neighborhoods affected by rock salt extraction from a mining company located in the city of Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil. It is a quantitative, descriptive-analytical, and cross-sectional study. The sample was intentional and non-probabilistic and consisted of 158 participants, with a 0.

[Neighborhood characteristics in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil: an intraurban analysis using systematic social observation method].

Systematic social observation (SSO) is an objective method of measuring the neighborhood physical and social characteristics. This study aimed to build intraurban indicators using the SSO method and compare them between two slums and their surroundings in a Brazilian capital. The simple indicators were calculated using the ratio estimator method, and grouped into domains.

[The emancipatory perspective of health literacy in Brazil: contributions from the Freirean thought to knowledge translation regarding a global concept].

This article seeks to reveal the potential for applying key principles of Freirean pedagogy for the effective translation of knowledge and practices associated with the concept of health literacy followed worldwide, based on a critical and emancipatory perspective. It starts from the observation that the process of adopting the concept in Brazil has been more utilitarian than critical, with initiatives predominantly focused on the translation and use of instruments to assess health literacy among population groups. In doing so, this approach has overlooked the academic contributions, practical actors, and social movements in various regions of the country, regarding the application of principles and values of Paulo Freire's thought for the emancipatory promotion of health for individuals and population groups.

[Therapeutic itineraries shared by users of specialized mental health services: a cluster analysis].

This study aimed to identify the existence of therapeutic itineraries shared by users of specialized mental health services in a medium-sized municipality. This is a cross-sectional study, carried out from August to November 2019 including 341 users of specialized mental health services in the municipality of Itatiba, São Paulo State, Brazil. To identify the itineraries, based on a set of variables, the users were grouped with clustering.

Vaccination opportunity in children up to 6 months old born in 2017 and 2018 in the city of Londrina-PR, Brazil: a population-based survey.

Objective: To evaluate opportunity for vaccination in children born alive in Londrina, up to 6 months old and the relationship between socioeconomic stratum and vaccination regularity.

Method: Population survey study based on a retrospective cohort of children born in 2017 and 2018 that identified vaccines not administered in a given session. Vaccination regularity was compared between socioeconomic strata using Pearson's chi-square test.

Vaccination coverage in children up to 2 years old born in 2017 and 2018 in the municipalities of São Paulo and Campinas, Brazil: comparison of the results of a national survey and the National Immunization Program Information System.

Objective: To estimate and compare vaccination coverage among children born in 2017-2018 in São Paulo and Campinas, according to the Vaccination Coverage Survey (ICV 2020) and the National Immunization Program Information System (SI-PNI).

Methods: ICV 2020 analyzed vaccination card records. Coverage was calculated and compared to doses recorded on the SI-PNI, divided by the target population.

Vaccine hesitancy and consequences for vaccination coverage in children at 24 months of age, born in 2017-2018, living in the state capitals, Federal District and 12 inner region cities of Brazil.

Objective: To analyze vaccine hesitancy associated factors and repercussions on vaccination coverage.

Methods: Cohort of children born in 2017-2018, living in Brazilian state capitals, Federal District (FD), and 12 inner region cities, stratified by socioeconomic level. National Vaccination Coverage Survey (2020) data on hesitancy, access and programmatic difficulties were obtained by interview and coverage was calculated from vaccination card dose and date records.

The modernization of medical training at Escola Paulista de Medicina and the Rockefeller Foundation, 1956-1962.

The study analyses scientific knowledge circulation between Brazil and the United States, drawing on Rockefeller Foundation's funding to Escola Paulista de Medicina to modernize medical training. The chosen initial chronological landmark is 1956, when the foundation started funding the Brazilian institution, and the final year is 1962, deadline for spending the grants. The study's sources are dossiers collected at Rockefeller Archive Center, analyzed drawing on the evidential paradigm.