Self-perception of stuttering: association with self-perception of hearing, fluency profile, and contextual aspects.

Purpose: This study investigated the association between self-perception of stuttering and self-perception of hearing, speech fluency profile, and contextual aspects in Brazilian adults who stutter.

Methods: Fifty-five adults who stutter (ages 18 to 58 years), speakers of Brazilian Portuguese speakers, participated in an observational study that included: (a) a clinical history survey to collect identification, sociodemographic, clinical, and assistance data; (b) the Brazil Economic Classification Criteria (CCEB); (c) a hearing self-perception questionnaire (Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale - SSQ, version 5.6); (d) self-perception of the impact of stuttering (Brazilian Portuguese version of the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering - Adults - OASES-A); and (e) an assessment of speech fluency (Fluency Profile Assessment Protocol -- PAPF).

Therapeutic strategies for tongue musculature: a systematic literature review.

Purpose: To analyze the different therapeutic strategies prescribed in orofunctional rehabilitation of the tongue musculature.

Research Strategies: Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library for Latin America and the Caribbean, Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scientific Electronic Library Online, SciVerse Scopus and Cochrane databases were consulted, with the descriptors "exercise therapy" OR "physiology" OR "musculoskeletal physiological phenomena" OR "digestive system and oral physiological phenomena" AND "speech therapy" OR "myofunctional therapy" OR "speech language pathology" AND "tongue". Studies indexed until October 5, 2023, were included.

The effects of a brief intervention at home based on shared reading to promote children's oral language.

Purpose: The general aim of the present study was to analyse eight mother-child interactions during shared reading with children and to assess the efficacy of a brief intervention with the mothers to promote changes in the strategies they used to develop their children's oral language. The specific objectives were to work collaboratively with mothers, to analyse the interactions between mothers and their children before and at the end of the intervention period.

Methods: Mothers participated in five meetings to reflect collaboratively on strategies to promote improvements in communicative interactions in a family context and in children's oral language and during the shared reading episodes.

Is there a difference in the results of the video head impulse test in patients with a nosological diagnosis of Ménière's Disease and Vestibular Migraine?

Purpose: To compare vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain values, gain symmetry between the semicircular canals (SCCs), and saccadic parameters in patients with a nosological diagnosis of Ménière's disease (MD) and vestibular migraine (VM).

Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee, under evaluation report number 4.462.

Tactile, thermal and gustatory stimulation therapy in the treatment of post-stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia: a scoping review.

Purpose: To map in the literature the effects of tactile, thermal and/or gustatory stimulation on oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) post-stroke.

Methods: This scoping review was conducted following the recommendations of PRISMA- ScR and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), registered on the Open Science Framework and developed without language or publication period restrictions. Different databases and grey literature were used for article selection, and the PCC mnemonics constructed the research question ad eligibility criteria, thus including clinical studies involving adults (over 18 years old) diagnosed with OD post-stroke, who received tactile-thermal (TTS) and/or taste-gustatory (TGS) and/or tactile-thermal-gustatory stimulation for treatment, and had their effect measured through examinations, scales, or clinical assessment.

Current context and the experience of Brazilian Medical Societies with Specialist Title Exams.

The editorial discusses the need for the Specialist Title to be valued by Medical Societies, as a stage after the conclusion of medical residency and a mandatory prerequisite for taking the tests. Finally, it shows the experience of seven Medical Societies with their specialist title exams.

50 Years of the Journal of the Brazilian College of Surgeons: History, Evolution and Future Prospects.

This article celebrates the 50th anniversary of the continuous publication of the Journal of the Brazilian College of Surgeons (RCBC), revisiting its trajectory from the beginning to the present day. RCBC has evolved from a nationally relevant publication to a journal with international impact, constantly adapting to changes in editorial and scientific practices. This article presents an analysis of the major milestones, editorial changes, and innovations that have cemented RCBC as a prominent scientific vehicle.

Current context and evaluation of medical residency programs: experience of six Brazilian Medical Societies.

This article shows the most recent data on the evolution of the number of resident physicians and vacancies from R1 to R5, as well as the number of programs and institutions accredited by the National Commission for Medical Residency (CNRM). It also discusses the types and modalities of evaluation of medical residency, with a focus on the assessment of competencies throughout in-service training, which were incorporated into the most recent CNRM resolution, at the end of 2023, which amended and updated the 2006 directives. Finally, it shows the experience of six Medical Societies that conduct periodic evaluation of resident physicians, presented at a Brazilian Medical Association event.

Comments on "Reflections on the current context and evaluation of undergraduate medical education".

The authors debate the arguments presented in the editorial "Reflections on the current context and evaluation of undergraduate medical education", bringing the context that culminated in the recent application of the National Proficiency Exam in Dentistry.

Reflections on the current context and assessment of undergraduate medical education in Brazil.

This reflection article can be divided into two complementary parts. The first shows the current context of medical education in Brazil, bringing the most recent data on the number of undergraduate students and its growing gap in relation to the reduced number of vacancies in medical residency, which, despite being the most appropriate modality to train specialists, has been overlooked by the excessive number of lato sensu graduate courses. The second part discusses the possibilities of evaluating medical training, which is terminal in Brazil, enabling the newly graduated physician to claim the professional registration and to practice medicine, being evaluated only by their own medical course.

Evaluation of adrenal tumors and analysis of the metabolic profile of patients with incidentaloma.

Introduction: Advances in imaging methods have led to an increasingly frequent diagnosis of adrenal gland lesions as incidental findings. Despite progress in this field, there is still limited information regarding the epidemiology of the clinical and metabolic profile of patients with adrenal incidentaloma (AI). The objective is analyze the epidemiology of adrenal tumors at Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital (HUGG) and compare it with data from the literature.

AI enabled, mobile soil pH classification with colorimetric paper sensors for sustainable agriculture.

For optimizing production yield while limiting negative environmental impact, sustainable agriculture benefits from real-time, on-the-spot chemical analysis of soil at low cost. Colorimetric paper sensors are ideal candidates, however, their automated readout and analysis in the field is needed. Using mobile technology for paper sensor readout could, in principle, enable the application of machine-learning models for transforming colorimetric data into threshold-based classes that represent chemical concentration.

Analysis of intracranial compliance through noninvasive intracranial pressure waveforms in hydrocephalus patients. A pilot study.

Aim: To assess the changes of intracranial pressure waveforms (ICPW) acquired noninvasively in a set of acute hydrocephalus patients prior to and posterior to interventions.

Material And Methods: Patients with clinical and radiological diagnoses of hydrocephalus were evaluated for alterations in ICPW by means of a system that detects cranial micro expansions just before and immediately after interventions. The system quantified the difference between ICPW peaks (P1 and P2), providing the P2/P1 ratio.

Prenatal syphilis and adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with HIV receiving ART in Brazil: a population-based study.

Background: We aimed to examine factors associated with prenatal syphilis, including prenatal care, and pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women with HIV in Brazil.

Methods: Retrospective data were gathered from a national cohort of Brazilian women with HIV on antiretroviral therapy who became pregnant between January 2015 and May 2018. Prenatal syphilis was defined by clinical diagnoses with treatment or any positive syphilis laboratory result between 30 days before conception and pregnancy conclusion.

Effects of transcranial photobiomodulation on fine motor skills in boccia para-athletes.

This study investigated the effects of transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) on para-athletes' manual dexterity and intralimbal coordination. Six para-athletes from a Boccia Team participated. t-PBM was administered using a LED helmet with 204 LEDs (660 and 850 nm) emitting 10 mW each, delivering 9 J/cm per LED during 15-min sessions three times a week.

Complementary Strategies to Identify Differentially Expressed Genes in the Choroid Plexus of Patients with Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease causing myelin and axon damage through inflammatory and autoimmune processes. Despite affecting millions worldwide, understanding its genetic pathways remains limited. The choroid plexus (ChP) has been studied in neurodegenerative processes and diseases like MS due to its dysregulation, yet its role in MS pathophysiology remains unclear.

Geographic accessibility to hospital childbirths in Brazil (2010-2011 and 2018-2019): a cross-sectional study.

Background: Delays in obstetric care are associated with adverse maternal outcomes, while long-distance travel for delivery is associated with high neonatal mortality and increased maternal morbidity. Distance and travel time are key components of geographic accessibility to health services and important risk indicators for maternal and neonatal care. This study evaluated whether the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) has been geographically accessible in providing hospital childbirth services, over time.

The impact of different exercise modalities on chronic kidney disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses.

Introduction: Exercise is widely recognized for its benefits to chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, the specific impact of different exercise modalities on CKD-related outcomes remains unclear. This study sought to summarize the effects of different exercise modalities on the main outcomes impacted by CKD.

Intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex®) findings over time: ultrasound and ultra-widefield fundus photography.

Background: Ozurdex® (Allergan®, AbbVie Company, North Chicago, Illinois, EUA), is composed of 0.7 mg of dexamethasone, fused in a solid biodegradable PLGA polymer, whose degradation occurs naturally in the vitreous cavity, usually in six months after its application.

Methods: In this study, we included patients aged ≥ 18 years with one or two eyes who had an indication for Ozurdex implants.

Incidence and estimated risk of residual transmission of hepatitis a virus and parvovirus B19 by blood transfusion in the state of Rio De Janeiro - Brazil: a retrospective study.

Background: Nonenveloped viruses, such as hepatitis A virus (HAV) and parvovirus B19 (B19V), are not inactivated by detergents and solvents commonly used to manufacture plasma derivatives. Cases of transfusion-transmitted HAV and B19V have already been described in several countries. This study aimed to determine the incidence of HAV and B19V asymptomatic infections in blood donors from Rio de Janeiro and evaluate the residual risk of transmission to blood derivative recipients.

Clinical and radiological characteristics and 1-year self-reported outcomes from patients with encephalitis and coronavirus disease 2019.

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection is responsible for multisystemic disease and has high transmissibility. It culminated in a pandemic, challenging scientific knowledge and care capacity. Neurological symptoms are highly prevalent, and cases of encephalitis have been described, in both peri- and postinfectious periods.

Effectiveness of HPV vaccination in reducing infection among young Brazilian women.

Background: Globally, cervical cancer is an increasing public health issue, and vaccination against HPV has proven to be an effective strategy to reduce this neoplasia. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the quadrivalent vaccine in reducing the prevalence and incidence of HPV infection in women, aged 18 to 24 years old, in the cities of Ouro Preto and Mariana, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Methods: A concurrent cohort study was performed, with an initial follow-up of 12 to 18 months.

Effects of psychedelics on opioid use disorder: a scoping review of preclinical studies.

The current opioid crisis has had an unprecedented public health impact. Approved medications for opioid use disorder (OUD) exist, yet their limitations indicate a need for innovative treatments. Limited preliminary clinical studies suggest specific psychedelics might aid OUD treatment, though most clinical evidence remains observational, with few controlled trials.