Natural infection and diversity of hemotropic mycoplasmas in free-ranging Geoffroy's cat (Leopardus geoffroyi) and margay cat (Leopardus wiedii) populations in Southern Brazil.

Hemoplasma infection significantly impacts felines health, yet there is a research gap regarding free-ranging wild small felids. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the occurrence of hemoplasma in Leopardus geoffroyi and Leopardus wiedii in southern Brazil. For this purpose, we conducted molecular research for Mycoplasma spp.

Three-dimensional kinematics in patients with anterior shoulder instability - A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Anterior Shoulder Instability (ASI) is a common orthopedic condition often resulting in altered shoulder kinematics. Understanding the biomechanics of the unstable shoulder is critical to determine the most appropriate treatment. This study aims to conduct the first systematic review and meta-analysis of three-dimensional (3D) shoulder kinematic studies in ASI patients.

Forensic characterization of Brazilian gemstones: A pilot study employing raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis.

Forensic gemstone analysis faces many challenges. One of the most critical aspects of gemological research is the classification of a gemstone. It is necessary to understand the mineral species, purity, origin, and identification of treatments to identify and classify a gem correctly, as well as assign a monetary value to it.

Determinants of fertility in timed artificial insemination programs in beef cattle: predictive ability and risk factors from almost 2 million data points.

Timed artificial insemination (TAI) is a technology widely used in cattle production based on controlling ovarian follicular growth. This study analyzed a large database aiming to determine the influence of several intrinsic and extrinsic female factors, as well as their interactions to determine risk factors and produce prediction ability in beef cattle. A total of 1 832 999 TAIs conducted on 2 002 farms across South American countries were considered for the analysis, including 15 main fixed effects or interactions in the statistical model, in addition to five random effects.

Osteogenic Effects of Bioactive Compounds Found in Fruits on Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Review.

Phytochemicals, which are bioactive compounds contained in fruits, vegetables, and teas, have a positive effect on human health by having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic effects. Several studies have highlighted the ability of bioactive compounds to activate key cellular enzymes associated with important signaling pathways related to cell division and proliferation, as well as their role in inflammatory and immunological responses. Some phytochemicals are associated with increased proliferation, differentiation, and expression of markers related to osteogenesis, bone formation, and mineralization by activating various signaling pathways.

Diversity of the Amoebozoa and Ciliophora Groups in Non-Human Primates Kept Ex Situ and in Their Handlers in Different Institutions in Brazil.

Parasitic infections in non-human primates (NHPs) kept ex situ can be caused by zoonotic protists like and . In Brazil, little is known about these infections in neotropical species. This study aimed to identify Amoebozoa and Ciliophora groups in fecal samples through in vitro isolation and molecular analysis, mapping their distribution in Brazil.

and Evaluation of the Antischistosomal Activity of Polygodial and 9-Deoxymuzigadial Isolated from Branches.

In the present study, the hexane extract from branches of (Winteraceae) displayed potent activity against parasites (100% mortality of the worms at 200 μg/mL). Bioactivity-guided fractionation afforded, in addition to the previously reported bioactive sesquiterpene 3,6-epidioxy-bisabola-1,10-diene, two chemically related drimane sesquiterpenes-polygodial () and 9-deoxymuzigadial (). The anti- effects for compounds and were determined in vitro, with compound demonstrating significant potency (EC value of 10 μM for both male and female worms), while was inactive.

Guanidines Conjugated with Cell-Penetrating Peptides: A New Approach for the Development of Antileishmanial Molecules.

Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania, which has visceral and cutaneous forms. The symptoms of leishmaniasis include high fever and weakness, and the cutaneous infection also causes lesions under the skin. The drugs used to treat leishmaniasis have become less effective due to the resistance mechanisms of the protozoa.

Quality Assessment and Host Preference of (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) for Fresh and Cryopreserved (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs.

The development of the mass rearing technique for the egg parasitoid has been under study for about 20 years, with increasing attention on the development of quality control. Here, we evaluated the behavior, biological parameters, morphometrics and presence of endosymbionts of produced in cryopreserved eggs compared to those produced in traditional fresh stink bug eggs. Parasitoids reared from cryopreserved eggs showed similar parasitism and emergence rates, sex ratios, longevity, morphometrics, and proportions of flyers compared to those originating from fresh eggs.

Edible Alginate-Fungal Chitosan Coatings as Carriers for LC03 and Their Impact on Quality Parameters of Strawberries During Cold Storage.

This study investigated the efficacy of an innovative edible coating, composed of fungal chitosan and alginate, functionalized with LC03, in both free and microencapsulated forms, to extend the shelf life and enhance the nutritional value of strawberries. LC03 cells were successfully encapsulated in alginate microparticles (MAL) and further coated with chitosan (MALC), resulting in enhanced protection (cell reduction below 1.4 CFU/mL), viability (8.

Mobility of South America's transcontinental drainage divide and shrinkage of the Paraná river basin linked to lithologic and geodynamic controls.

The South American Transcontinental Drainage Divide (TDD) is roughly oriented NE-SW from its Atlantic termination in SE Brazil to its NW termination in the limits between the southwestern edges of the Amazon Craton and the Andean Foreland. Based on a weak spatial coincidence with 90 - 70 Ma igneous intrusions, the origin and stability of the TDD have been attributed to intraplate magmatic activity. Using geomorphic analysis of drainage divides, we infer an overall southward migration of the TDD, even in areas with constrained uplift associated with intrusions.

[Proximal iliotibial band tear: a case report in an amateur football player].

The iliotibial band originates from the iliac crest and the hip joint capsule, extending along the entire lateral surface until it inserts onto tuberculum anterolateralis tibiae on the anterolateral tibia. It acts as an agonist of the anterior cruciate ligament. In short, the iliotibial band primarily contributes to the lateral stabilization of the knee joint.

Hemosporidian infection in free-living Cathartes aura (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Amazon biome, Pará State, Brazil: Parasitological, molecular, hematological, and biochemical analyses.

Hemosporidians are intracellular pathogens that infect a range of endothermic and ectothermic hosts and are transmitted by dipteran vectors. These parasites are grouped into four families: Haemoproteidae, Plasmodiidae, Leucocytozoidae, and Garniidae, with the genera Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, and Leucocytozoon being the most common in birds. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to detect the infection frequency of hemosporidians and to perform hematological and biochemical analyses in free-living turkey vultures (Cathartes aura) in the Amazon biome, Brazil.

Research and characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in the domestic cat (Felis catus): First description of C. felis in the state of Goiás and C. muris in the Midwest region of Brazil.

With the increasingly close coexistence between pets and humans, coupled with reports of Cryptosporidium cross-infection between felines and their guardians, research aimed at understanding the epidemiology of these parasites in specific regions has become necessary. The principal objective of this study was to undertake a molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium in fecal samples from felines in the state of Goiás, Brazil (which is unprecedented for the region), and to assess the risk factors involved in the infection of these animals in the aforementioned locale. A total of 95 fecal samples were collected from domestic felines in the municipality of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.

Anabolic-androgen steroids: A possible independent risk factor to cardiovascular, kidney and metabolic syndrome.

Millions of individuals make illicit use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), remaining a public health issue. It often leads to detrimental effects, including cardiovascular and renal diseases, besides hormonal and metabolic imbalances. The objective of this review is to emphasize the contribution of oxidative stress and inflammation to these effects and connect the findings of experimental animal studies with the alterations found in clinical contexts, in AAS users.

The Biological Properties of Co-Doped Monetite Are Influenced by Thermal Treatment.

Calcium phosphates, notably monetite, are valued biomaterials for bone applications owing to their osteogenic properties and rapid uptake by bone cells. This study investigates the enhancement of these properties through Cobalt doping, which is known to induce hypoxia and promote bone cell differentiation. Heat treatments at 700°C, 900°C, and 1050°C are applied to both monetite and Cobalt-doped monetite, facilitating the development of purer, more crystalline phases with varied particle sizes and optimized cellular responses.

In Vitro Biochemical Control of Taenia solium and Taenia saginata Eggs.

Purpouse: The present study evaluated in vitro the action of the plant protease papain (EC 3.4.22.

Characterization of the Population of Ovarian Preantral Follicles in Juvenile Six-Banded Armadillos Infected or Not by .

The objective of this study was to characterize and estimate the population of ovarian preantral follicles in juvenile six-banded armadillos. Pairs of ovaries from five armadillos were collected during a routine epidemiological survey of leprosis (three healthy and two infected females). Ovaries weighed approximately 0.

Data Platform for Animal Mortality Information System (DATASIMA): Monitoring Companion Animal's Euthanasia Causes in City of João Pessoa, Brazil.

The literature regarding causes of animal mortality varies greatly in how it evaluates and describes reasons for euthanasia, showing a clear need for tools to identify, standardize, and map diseases. This study describes the application of the Animal Mortality Information System Database (DATASIMA) to monitoring and georeferencing animal mortality. An observational study was conducted on the dogs and cats euthanized at the Municipal Center for Environmental and Zoonotic Surveillance in João Pessoa, Paraíba.

The Role of Dendritic Cells in Adaptive Immune Response Induced by OVA/PDDA Nanoparticles.

: Cationic polymers were shown to assemble with negatively charged proteins yielding nanoparticles (NPs). Poly-diallyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride (PDDA) combined with ovalbumin (OVA) yielded a stable colloidal dispersion (OVA/PDDA-NPs) eliciting significant anti-OVA immune response. Dendritic cells (DCs), as sentinels of foreign antigens, exert a crucial role in the antigen-specific immune response.

Genetic determinants of COVID-19 severity and mortality: Alu 287 bp polymorphism and , , expression in hospitalized patients.

Background: The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) are central human molecules in the SARS-CoV-2 virus-host interaction. Evidence indicates that may influence expression. This study aims to determine whether ACE1, ACE2, and TMPRSS2 mRNA expression levels, along with the ACE1 Alu 287 bp polymorphism (rs4646994), contribute to the severity and mortality of COVID-19.

ACCREDIT: Validation of clinical score for progression of COVID-19 while hospitalized.

Unlabelled: COVID-19 is no longer a global health emergency, but it remains challenging to predict its prognosis.

Objective: To develop and validate an instrument to predict COVID-19 progression for critically ill hospitalized patients in a Brazilian population.

Methodology: Observational study with retrospective follow-up.

Impact of monensin, virginiamycin, trace minerals, and yeast combination on animal performance, carcass and meat characteristics of finishing feedlot bulls fed high grain diet.

This study was realized to evaluate the influence of monensin, virginiamycin,trace minerals and yeast combination on animal performance, feed efficiency, in situ digestibility, feeding behavior, and carcass and meat characteristics from bulls finished in feedlot fed high-grain diet. A total of 36 (European vs. Nellore) bulls at 24 ± 3.

Environmental thresholds of semiaquatic bugs (Heteroptera, Gerromorpha) as an indicator of environmental change in Amazon streams.

Freshwater ecosystems under the influence of human activities are subject to multiple environmental stressors that lead to biodiversity loss and habitat modification. In recent years, various organisms have been used as bioindicators to detect environmental changes by their ability to perceive changes in community attributes. A good example is the semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera, infra order Gerromorpha) that act as predators and are sensitive to subtle changes in environmental conditions.

Systemic photobiomodulation: an integrative review of evidence for intravascular laser irradiation of blood and vascular photobiomodulation.

Currently, clinical practice has demonstrated various applications for systemic laser photobiomodulation (PBM). In recent years, an increasing number of studies have been highlighted in the literature; however, they differ in their application methods, which can be intravenous, referred to as ILIB (intravascular laser irradiation of blood), or transdermally, recently termed VPBM (vascular photobiomodulation). This review aimed to compile all findings on these techniques and critically discuss their results.