Identifying Demographic and Clinical Determinants of Ischemic Workup in Patients with Heart Failure.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common and treatable cause of heart failure (HF), but ischemic evaluation is often overlooked when evaluating patients with new-onset HF. Here, we sought to discern demographic and clinical predictors of ischemic workup in patients with newly diagnosed HF. A retrospective study of 200 consecutive patients with new-onset HF admitted to our safety-net hospital between 2011 and 2015 was performed.

Variability of Care Practices for Extremely Early Deliveries.

Objectives: Assess temporal changes, intercenter variability, and birthing person (BP) factors relating to interventions for extremely early deliveries.

Methods: Retrospective study of BPs and newborns delivered from 22-24 completed weeks at 13 US centers from 2011-2020. Rates of neonatology consultation, antenatal corticosteroids, cesarean delivery, live birth, attempted resuscitation (AR), and survival were assessed by epoch, center, and gestational age.

Brain Imaging Modalities for Cavernous Sinus Pathology With Migraine Features: A Case Report.

This case report delves into the unusual presentation of a 38-year-old female with a history of migraines, who initially presented with a severe right-sided headache and changes in vision in her right eye, which gradually improved. Although she had consulted with an eye specialist for these issues, she did not receive targeted treatment. This case underscores the necessity of vigilant evaluation and early intervention in a patient with seemingly benign symptoms, thereby highlighting the potential gravity of underlying conditions such as aneurysms.

LentiGlobin Administration to Sickle Cell Disease Patients: Effect on Serum Markers and Vaso-Occlusive Crisis.

LentiGlobin, an innovative gene therapy, introduces a modified beta-globin gene that yields an anti-sickling hemoglobin variant. It boosts total hemoglobin levels, mitigates hemolysis, curtails inflammation, and addresses iron overload by reducing transfusion requirements. These changes, in turn, provide insights into disease mechanisms and treatment outcomes.

A Case of Takayasu's Arteritis Presenting With Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke Managed With Aortic-Common Carotid Artery (CCA) Bypass Surgery.

Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a rare inflammatory disorder that affects large arteries, particularly the aorta and its main branches. TA is also known as a pulseless disease because it diminishes blood flow to the limbs and organs. The patient was a 17-year-old female whose prior medical history included a diagnosis of TA.

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune condition characterized by recurrent episodes of optic neuritis (ON) and transverse myelitis. This case report aims to highlight the importance of considering atypical presentations of NMOSD when confronted with MRI-detected Wernicke's encephalopathy. The primary target in NMOSD is the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) protein, predominantly located on astrocyte surfaces.

Uterine Rupture Secondary to Pyomyoma, Leading to Intra-Abdominal Abscesses following an Uncomplicated Vaginal Delivery.

Background: Pyomyomas are an infrequent complication of uterine fibroids and, in extremely rare cases, the cause of spontaneous uterine rupture. A few documented cases were managed conservatively with oral antibiotics and CT-guided drainage or myomectomy with fertility preserved. However, treatment more frequently involves IV antibiotics and a hysterectomy.

Obesity downregulates lipid metabolism genes in first trimester placenta.

Placentas of obese women have low mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids (FA) and accumulate lipids in late pregnancy. This creates a lipotoxic environment, impairing placental efficiency. We hypothesized that placental FA metabolism is impaired in women with obesity from early pregnancy.

Treatment-Associated Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Following Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant and Lenalidomide Maintenance in Patients With Multiple Myeloma.

Secondary malignancies including leukemia are an increasing concern in patients with prior primary malignancies treated with alkylating agents or topoisomerase II inhibitors. These can also be referred to as therapy-related leukemia. Therapy-related leukemia most commonly results in myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia.

Use of anti-Müllerian hormone for understanding ovulatory dysfunction in polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this review is to understand how anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) contributes to ovulatory dysfunction in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).

Recent Findings: In the last few years, new findings have emerged on AMH and its role on the central nervous system causing ovulatory dysfunction.

Summary: Anovulation is a prominent feature of PCOS.

Disposable paper-based microfluidics for fertility testing.

Fifteen percent of couples of reproductive age suffer from infertility globally and the burden of infertility disproportionately impacts residents of developing countries. Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs), including fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), have been successful in overcoming various reasons for infertility including borderline and severe male factor infertility which consists of 20%-30% of all infertile cases. Approximately half of male infertility cases stem from suboptimal sperm parameters.

Extraterrestrial Gynecology: Could Spaceflight Increase the Risk of Developing Cancer in Female Astronauts? An Updated Review.

Outer space is an extremely hostile environment for human life, with ionizing radiation from galactic cosmic rays and microgravity posing the most significant hazards to the health of astronauts. Spaceflight has also been shown to have an impact on established cancer hallmarks, possibly increasing carcinogenic risk. Terrestrially, women have a higher incidence of radiation-induced cancers, largely driven by lung, thyroid, breast, and ovarian cancers, and therefore, historically, they have been permitted to spend significantly less time in space than men.

A Multicenter Analysis of the Early Impact of COVID-19 on Junior Resident Operative Case Volume.

Introduction: Institutions have reported decreases in operative volume due to COVID-19. Junior residents have fewer opportunities for operative experience and COVID-19 further jeopardizes their operative exposure. This study quantifies the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on resident operative exposure using resident case logs focusing on junior residents and categorizes the response of surgical residency programs to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Postpartum Ovarian Vein Thrombosis: Case Report.

Introduction: Postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis (POVT) is an uncommon diagnosis that may lead to morbidity or mortality if unrecognized.

Case Report: This report discusses a single case of POVT in a community hospital, along with the treatment and clinical course.

Conclusion: The mechanism is believed to be right-sided clot formation provoked by anatomical and hormonal changes of gestation.

An Isolated Radiographic Finding of Spontaneous Vertebral Osteomyelitis.

Vertebral osteomyelitis (VO) is an infection of the vertebral body, most often arising secondary to hematogenous spread or contiguous spread from local soft tissue infection. Establishing a diagnosis of VO requires a high index of suspicion as patients often present with nonspecific symptoms such as pain of the affected vertebral segments along with leukocytosis and elevated inflammatory markers. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has high sensitivity and specificity for detecting VO, even in the early phases of infection.

Metabolomic signatures of low- and high-adiposity neonates differ based on maternal BMI.

Maternal obesity [body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m] is associated with greater neonatal adiposity, cord blood (CB) insulin levels, and a proinflammatory phenotype at birth, contributing to risk of future cardiometabolic disease in the offspring. Variation in neonatal adiposity within maternal BMI groups is underappreciated, and it remains unclear whether the metabolic impairments at birth are an outcome of maternal obesity or excess fetal fat accrual. We examined the hypothesis that CB metabolites associated with fetal fat accrual differ between offspring of normal-weight and obese women.

Parathyroid Carcinoma: Incidence, Survival Analysis, and Management: A Study from the SEER Database and Insights into Future Therapeutic Perspectives.

Introduction: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is an extremely rare entity, with a frequency of 0.005% of all malignancies. Most data related to this rare disease are limited to case series and a few database studies.

Incidence, Survival Analysis and Future Perspective of Primary Peritoneal Mesothelioma (PPM): A Population-Based Study from SEER Database.

Background: Primary peritoneal mesothelioma (PPM) is a rare and aggressive tumor arising from the visceral and parietal peritoneum. The diagnosis and treatment of PPM are often delayed because of non-specific clinical presentation, and the prognosis is worse. The current study investigated the demographic, clinical, and pathological factors affecting patient prognosis and survival in PPM.

A rare isolated cutaneous metastatic mass after colon cancer resection.

Metastatic cutaneous lesions from colorectal in origin are extremely rare, and especially without any visceral metastasis. Due to its poor response to chemotherapy, it is a poor prognostic indicator with a 1-6 month(s) death rate. Routine screening colonoscopy should be highly encouraged.

A Case of Coombs-Negative Hemolytic Anemia Prompting Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.

Case reports have discussed coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) patients presenting with hemolytic anemia, specifically with a positive direct antiglobulin test. However, Coombs-negative hemolytic anemia in COVID-19 patients has been rarely reported. We present an unusual case of Coombs-negative hemolytic anemia caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which responded with evidence-based COVID-19 treatments.

Non-oestrogenic modalities to reverse urogenital aging.

Urogenital aging is a common process affecting all women in the post-menopausal period of their life, and it is substantially due to oestrogen deprivation after ovarian function cessation. These changes can lead to a progressive, chronic, and complex association of symptoms identified as the genitourinary syndrome of menopause, which has a significant impact on quality of life. Genitourinary syndrome and urogenital aging do not resolve spontaneously and usually recur when treatment is stopped.

Case of Orbital Compartment Syndrome Post Cardiac Arrest.

Orbital compartment syndrome (OCS) is a rare ophthalmic surgical emergency in the setting of increased intraocular pressure (IOP) Irreversible vision loss can occur without immediate surgical treatment consisting of lateral cantholysis. We present a case of acute OCS discovered after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with subsequent immediate lateral canthotomy and notable decrease in IOP. This in part demonstrates the importance of recognizing the clinical signs of OCS with or without trauma in the emergency department in addition with preparedness to perform a vision-saving procedure.

Preimplantation genetic testing and frozen embryo transfer synergistically decrease very pre-term birth in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization with elective single embryo transfer.

Purpose: To study the effects of frozen embryo transfer (FET) and FET post-PGT on pre-term and very pre-term births in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Materials And Methods: A study was conducted using the SART National Summary Report from 2014 to 2017. Cycle inclusion criteria were eSET, fresh embryo transfers (ET), frozen embryo transfers without PGT (FET), and frozen embryo transfers with PGT (FET/PGT).