Two-center validation of the Oulu resorption score for bone flap resorption after autologous cranioplasty.

Objective: Autologous bone has been the gold standard of cranioplasty materials for decades. Unique to autologous cranioplasty, bone flap resorption is a poorly understood and unclearly defined complication. Even further, it has been unclear, whether the resorption process eventually stabilizes over time.

Relationship satisfaction among spouse caregivers of service members and veterans with comorbid mild traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder.

This study examined relationship satisfaction and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among spouse caregivers assisting service members and veterans (SMV) with comorbid uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Spouse caregivers (N = 205) completed the Couples Satisfaction Index (CSI), 12 HRQOL measures, and the Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory 4 Edition (MPAI-4). T-scores were classified as "clinically elevated" using a cutoff of ≥60T.

Serotonergic Antidepressants and Risk for Traumatic Intracranial Bleeding.

Serotonergic antidepressants may predispose to bleeding but the effect on traumatic intracranial bleeding is unknown. The rate of intracranial bleeding in patients with antidepressant medication was compared to patients not antidepressants in a cohort of patients with acute head injury. This association was examined by using a consecutive cohort of head trauma patients from a Finnish tertiary center emergency department (Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland).

Dysfunctional Timing in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: Co-occurrence of Cognitive, Motor, and Perceptual Deficits.

Timing is an essential part of human cognition and of everyday life activities, such as walking or holding a conversation. Previous studies showed that traumatic brain injury (TBI) often affects cognitive functions such as processing speed and time-sensitive abilities, causing long-term sequelae as well as daily impairments. However, the existing evidence on timing capacities in TBI is mostly limited to perception and the processing of isolated intervals.

A Review of Implementation Concepts and Strategies Surrounding Traumatic Brain Injury Clinical Care Guidelines.

Despite considerable efforts to advance the science surrounding traumatic brain injury (TBI), formal efforts supporting the current and future implementation of scientific findings within clinical practice and healthcare policy are limited. While many and varied guidelines inform the clinical management of TBI across the spectrum, clinicians and healthcare systems are not broadly adopting, implementing, and/or adhering to them. As part of the Brain Trauma Blueprint TBI State of the Science, an expert workgroup was assembled to guide this review article, which describes: (1) possible etiologies of inadequate adoption and implementation; (2) enablers to successful implementation strategies; and (3) strategies to mitigate the barriers to adoption and implementation of future research.

Longitudinal changes in brain parenchyma due to mild traumatic brain injury during the first year after injury.

Chronic gray matter (GM) atrophy is a known consequence of moderate and severe traumatic brain injuries but has not been consistently shown in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal effect of uncomplicated mTBI on the brain's GM and white matter (WM) from 6 weeks to 12 months after injury. Voxel-based-morphometry (VBM) was computed with the T1-weighted images of 48 uncomplicated mTBI patients and 37 orthopedic controls.

Health Conditions Among Special Operations Forces Versus Conventional Military Service Members: A VA TBI Model Systems Study.

Objective: To examine traumatic brain injury (TBI) characteristics and comorbid medical profiles of Special Operations Forces (SOF) Active Duty Service Member/Veterans (ADSM/Vs) and contrast them with conventional military personnel.

Setting: The 5 Veterans Affairs (VA) Polytrauma Rehabilitation Centers.

Participants: A subset of participants in the VA TBI Model Systems multicenter longitudinal study with known SOF status.

Proteomic Discovery of Noninvasive Biomarkers Associated With Sport-Related Concussions.

Background And Objectives: Sport-related concussions affect millions of individuals across the United States each year, and current techniques to diagnose and monitor them rely largely on subjective measures. Our goal was to discover and validate objective, quantifiable noninvasive biomarkers with the potential to be used in sport-related concussion diagnosis.

Methods: Urine samples from a convenience series of healthy control collegiate athletes who had not sustained a concussion and athletes who sustained a concussion as diagnosed by a sports medicine physician within 7 days were collected prospectively and studied.

Role of deployment-related mTBI and resilience in perceived participation limitations among Veterans.

Problems with social functioning are common following combat deployment, and these may be greater among individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The present investigation examined the impact of mild TBI (mTBI), deployment-related characteristics, and resilience on perceived participation limitations among combat Veterans. This was a cross-sectional study of 143 participants with a history of at least one deployment-related mTBI (TBI group) and 80 without a history of lifetime TBI (Comparison group).

Early targeted heart rate aerobic exercise versus placebo stretching for sport-related concussion in adolescents: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Sport-related concussion is a public health problem, particularly in adolescents. Quality of life is reduced in adolescents with persistent post-concussive symptoms (symptoms >28 days). We replicated a previous randomised controlled trial to validate the safety, efficacy, and generalisability of, and objective adherence to, prescribed early targeted heart rate subsymptom threshold aerobic exercise compared with placebo-like stretching exercise for adolescent recovery from sport-related concussion and for reducing the risk of persistent post-concussive symptoms.

Neurobehavioral Symptoms in U.S. Special Operations Forces in Rehabilitation After Traumatic Brain Injury: A TBI Model Systems Study.

Introduction: Special Operations Forces (SOF) personnel are at increased risk for traumatic brain injury (TBI), when compared with conventional forces (CF). Prior studies of TBI in military samples have not typically investigated SOF vs. CF as specific subgroups, despite documented differences in premorbid resilience and post-injury comorbidity burden.

Circular RNA circLGMN facilitates glioblastoma progression by targeting miR-127-3p/LGMN axis.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most devastating cancers and is characterized by rapid cell proliferation and aggressive invasiveness. Legumain (LGMN), a substrate-specific protease, is associated with poor progression of GBM. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in various cancers and play crucial roles in tumor progression; however, the functional roles of circRNAs originating from LGMN remain largely unknown in GBM.

Validation of grooved pegboard cutoffs as an additional embedded measure of performance validity.

Objective: Using embedded performance validity (PVT) comparisons, Erdodi et al. suggested that Grooved Pegboard (GPB) T-score cutoffs for either hand ( 29) or both hands ( 31) could be used as additional embedded PVTs. The current study evaluated the relationship between these proposed cutoff scores and established PVTs (Medical Symptom Validity Test [MSVT]; Non-Verbal Medical Symptom Validity Test [NV-MSVT], and Reliable Digit Span [RDS]).

The Impact of Opioid Medications on Sleep Architecture and Nocturnal Respiration During Acute Recovery From Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A TBI Model Systems Study.

Objectives: To describe patient and clinical characteristics associated with receipt of opioid medications and identify differences in sleep quality, architecture, and sleep-related respiration between those receiving and not receiving opioid medications.

Setting: Acute inpatient rehabilitation care for moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Participants: A total of 248 consecutive admissions for inpatient rehabilitation care following moderate to severe TBI (average age of 43.

Apolipoprotein e (APOE) ε4 genotype influences memory performance following remote traumatic brain injury in U.S. military service members and veterans.

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele and neurocognitive functioning following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in military service members and veterans (SMVs). Participants included 176 SMVs with a history of remote TBI (≥1 year post-injury), categorized into mild (n = 100), moderate (n = 40), and severe (n = 36) TBI groups. Participants completed a neuropsychological assessment and APOE genotyping (n = 46 ε4+, n = 130 ε4-).

Impaired self-awareness and denial of disability in a community sample of people with traumatic brain injury.

Purpose: To examine the nature and severity of impaired self-awareness (ISA) and denial of disability (DD) in a community-dwelling traumatic brain injury (TBI) population. Additionally, to investigate reliability, internal consistency, and feasibility of the Clinician's Rating Scale for evaluating Impaired Self-Awareness and Denial of Disability after brain injury (CRS-ISA-DD).

Materials And Methods: ISA and DD were studied using the CRS-ISA-DD in a cross-sectional study with 78 TBI patients (3.

Comment on Laratta et al. Marital Stability and Quality of Couple Relationships after Acquired Brain Injury: A Two-Year Follow-Up Clinical Study. 2021, , 283.

We read with great interest the recent article by Laratta et al. [..

Prevalence of Comorbidities in Active and Reserve Service Members Pre and Post Traumatic Brain Injury, 2017-2019.

Objective: To understand the prevalence of comorbidities associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients among active and reserve service members in the U.S. Military.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Are Related to Cognition after Complicated Mild and Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury but Not Severe and Penetrating Traumatic Brain Injury.

Although post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with worse cognitive outcomes after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), its impact has not been evaluated after more severe TBI. This study aimed to determine whether PTSD symptoms are related to cognition after complicated mild, moderate, severe, and penetrating TBI. Service members ( = 137) with a history of complicated mild/moderate TBI ( = 64) or severe/penetrating TBI ( = 73) were prospectively enrolled from United States Military Treatment Facilities.

Association between post-concussion symptoms and oculomotor deficits among adolescents.

Purpose: To examine the association between Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) scores, Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) scores, and oculomotor deficits post-concussion.

Methods: Records of adolescent patients examined in a multidisciplinary concussion clinic between July 2014 and May 2019 were reviewed. PCSS and CISS scores, results of eye examination and oculomotor assessment, concussion history, and demographics were abstracted.

Apolipoprotein E e4 is associated with worse self-reported neurobehavioral symptoms following uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury in U.S. military service members.

Past research has found a relationship between the apolipoprotein E (APOE) e4 allele and worse neurobehavioral functioning following mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) in civilian populations. The purpose of this study was to examine this relationship in service members and veterans (SMVs) following MTBI. Participants were 151 SMVs (103 uncomplicated MTBI; 48 Injured Controls [IC]) prospectively enrolled in the DVBIC-TBICoE 15-Year Longitudinal TBI Study.

The Persistence of Blast- Versus Impact-Induced Concussion Symptomology Following Deployment.

Objective: To examine the persistence of concussion-related symptoms following injury as a function of mechanism of injury (high-level blast [HLB] vs impact) and low-level blast (LLB) exposure among Marines.

Setting: Upon return from deployment and approximately 6 months later, respectively, Marines completed the Post-Deployment Health Assessment and Post-Deployment Health Re-Assessment in an operational or clinic setting.

Participants: Data from active duty enlisted Marines who completed both assessments (n = 102 075) and who reported a potentially mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)-inducing event and completed an mTBI screen (n = 8106) were analyzed.

A randomized clinical trial of plasticity-based cognitive training in mild traumatic brain injury.

Clinical practice guidelines support cognitive rehabilitation for people with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and cognitive impairment, but no class I randomized clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy of self-administered computerized cognitive training. The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a self-administered computerized plasticity-based cognitive training programmes in primarily military/veteran participants with a history of mTBI and cognitive impairment. A multisite randomized double-blind clinical trial of a behavioural intervention with an active control was conducted from September 2013 to February 2017 including assessments at baseline, post-training, and after a 3-month follow-up period.