4,794 results match your criteria: "Brain Abscess Imaging"

Article Synopsis
  • HACEK organisms, typically part of the oral microbiome, can cause rare central nervous system infections through blood or neighboring tissue spread, despite being uncommon overall.* -
  • A case study of a 25-year-old healthy male presented with severe headaches and imaging revealed a right frontal lobe abscess caused by HACEK organisms.* -
  • Despite initial treatment and surgery, the patient experienced a rapid abscess growth, requiring further intervention, highlighting the potential for brain abscesses to arise without clear infection sources in healthy individuals.*
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Article Synopsis
  • - Brain abscesses are severe conditions with high mortality risks, and their diagnosis and treatment can be complex even with advanced medical techniques and therapies.
  • - A case study highlights a 52-year-old man with a significant brain lesion who, after opting out of surgery, underwent a 6-week antimicrobial treatment followed by traditional Chinese medicine, resulting in symptom relief and a reduction in lesion size.
  • - This case is notable as it suggests that traditional Chinese medicine might enhance treatment outcomes for brain abscesses, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness alongside conventional treatments.
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Article Synopsis
  • The pig tapeworm causes cysticercosis, a parasitic disease affecting the human nervous system, particularly in regions such as Central and South America, Eastern Europe, and parts of India.
  • Two pediatric cases of intramuscular cysticercosis were treated successfully with oral prednisolone followed by albendazole, leading to the resolution of symptoms and swellings within three months.
  • Diagnosis is often challenging due to nonspecific symptoms, but high-resolution ultrasound and MRI are effective methods for identifying cysticercosis in muscles.
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Kidney transplant recipients are at increased risk of opportunistic infections and malignancy, including space-occupying intracranial lesions. Here, we present a case of a patient presenting with multiple intracranial lesions in the context of a distant history of transplantation. MRI findings were consistent with a large subcortical enhancing lesion.

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Article Synopsis
  • Actinomycosis is a rare, chronic infection caused by specific anaerobic bacteria, which can complicate diagnosis, especially when it affects the central nervous system.
  • A case study highlights a 29-year-old farmer with a dura-based mass that resembled a brain tumor, confirmed as actinomycosis through histopathology after surgical intervention.
  • Early diagnosis is crucial, especially in at-risk individuals, to ensure effective treatment and better recovery outcomes.
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Coinfection of cerebral toxoplasmosis and neurosyphilis as the first manifestation of AIDS.

BMJ Case Rep

September 2024

Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA

Article Synopsis
  • - A 30-something man with newly diagnosed HIV (CD4 count of 292) showed symptoms like headaches and weakness in limbs, alongside a history of skin rashes that had resolved on their own.
  • - Imaging tests (CT and MRI) revealed significant brain swelling and two enhancing masses, indicating severe issues possibly related to both cerebral toxoplasmosis and neurosyphilis.
  • - The patient received treatment with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and intravenous penicillin G, leading to a full resolution of his symptoms.
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Recurrent Intracranial Abscesses From Trans-Esophageal Hematogenous Spread of Oropharyngeal Bacteria.

Neurology

October 2024

From the Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine (L.R.), and Departments of Internal Medicine (L.G.), and Neurology (R.M.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

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Background: Lemierre syndrome (LS) is a rare complication of upper aerodigestive tract infections characterized by proximal and distal septic emboli, commonly including internal jugular vein (IJV) thrombosis. Diagnosis can be challenging, and treatment delays can result in increased patient morbidity and mortality. We present a rare case of LS with extensive thrombosis and multiple sites of distal infection and a narrative review of the literature.

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Article Synopsis
  • Vascular complications from sphenoid sinusitis are uncommon because the mucosa and bone act as barriers, but certain conditions like dehiscence or aggressive infections can increase risks, potentially leading to severe issues like cavernous sinus thrombosis.
  • Untreated or severe cases of sphenoid sinusitis can result in serious neurological problems, including cerebral infarcts, meningitis, and cranial nerve injuries, which can be detected early with MRI and angiography.
  • A reported case of an 11-year-old boy illustrates these risks, as he experienced multiple complications from sphenoid sinusitis, including a cerebral artery infarct and various types of thrombosis due to associated mastoiditis.
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Article Synopsis
  • * A case study highlighted a 22-year-old woman whose brain abscess stemmed from sinusitis and involved multidrug-resistant Streptococcus sanguis, complicating her treatment.
  • * Effective management of brain abscesses requires timely intervention, collaboration among healthcare professionals, and patient compliance to minimize complications and enhance recovery.
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When treating anaerobic brain abscesses, healthcare professionals often face the difficulty of identifying the causal pathogens, necessitating empiric therapies with uncertain efficacy. We present the case of a 57-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital with a fever and headache. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a hemorrhagic lesion with wall enhancement at the left hemisphere on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging.

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Herein, we present the case of a 76-year-old man diagnosed with an iliopsoas abscess 3 months prior and consequently administered metronidazole. The patient visited our facility complaining of difficulty in speaking and feeling unsteady when walking. Neurological findings showed dysarthria, nystagmus, and bilateral cerebellar ataxia.

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Article Synopsis
  • * The treatment involved antibiotics, extraction of a decayed tooth, and drainage of the sinuses and abscess, with a positive prognosis after 1 year and 5 months without complications.
  • * The case highlighted a potential link between dental infections and serious conditions like brain abscesses, emphasizing the need for timely dental care in children.
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is a very common gram-negative facultative anaerobe seen in urinary tract infections. This rod-shaped bacterium tends to cause urolithiasis via its ability to alkalinize the urine. However, in some cases, this bacterium has been shown to cause bacteremia as well as other complicated infections.

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A Rare Case of Cerebral Abscess due to with Native Aortic Valve Infective Endocarditis and Pyogenic Liver Abscess.

J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep

August 2024

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, WellStar MCG Health, Augusta, USA.

is a commensal pathogen typically found in the oral cavity, digestive tract, and urogenital system which has been associated with Lemierre's syndrome, periodontal diseases, sinusitis, endocarditis, and intra-abdominal and brain abscesses. Our case is of a 62-year-old male who presented with headaches, nausea, and vision loss. Brain imaging identified a right occipito-parietal brain abscess.

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Background: Listeria monocytogenes brain abscess is a rare phenomenon that is common in immunocompromised patients. Streptococcus equinus brain abscess has never been reported in the literature to our knowledge. In this case report, we describe a case of brain abscess secondary to Listeria monocytogenes and Streptococcus equinus in an immunocompetent patient with transient low CD4 count.

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Background: Cerebellar abscesses are rare, life-threatening infections often originating from bacterial sources, while metastatic brain lesions from lung adenocarcinoma are relatively common. However, the coexistence of a cerebellar abscess secondary to metastatic lung adenocarcinoma is exceedingly rare and presents unique diagnostic and management challenges.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 35 year-old Pakistani female patient with persistent headaches, nausea, and vertigo, who was found to have a large cerebellar mass with features suggestive of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.

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Splenic abscess is a life-threatening condition, which is very rare in children. There is usually an infective focus or pre-disposing factors such as immunodeficiencies towards developing splenic abscesses. Only one case of splenic abscess with brain abscesses in an adult has been reported in the English literature.

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Hurst disease, or Weston-Hurst syndrome, or acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis (AHEM), is an infrequent condition that usually gets provoked after a viral infection (respiratory tract infection) or, as reported in many case reports, post-vaccination. Hurst disease is a difficult-to-diagnose condition because it mimics common presentations such as stroke, decreased or loss of consciousness, brain abscess, and seizures, making clinical diagnosis challenging. Radiological imaging, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with diffusion-weighted imaging, now serves as the primary modality to identify such conditions, despite its lack of specificity.

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BACKGROUND Except for neonates, streptococci other than Streptococcus pneumoniae are a rare cause of acute bacterial meningitis. Streptococcus constellatus is a member of the Streptococcus anginosus group of gram-positive streptococci. It is a commensal microbe of the mucosae of the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and urogenital tract.

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