The association of Helicobacter pylori with adverse pregnancy outcomes in three European birth cohorts.

Background: Helicobacter pylori is a prevalent infection that may complicate pregnancy, but evidence remains limited, controversial and may not apply to all pregnant women.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate whether Helicobacter pylori is a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes and to identify vulnerable subpopulations.

Study Design: Multiplex serology was utilized to measure blood levels of immunoglobulin G against eight Helicobacter pylori antigens in 1372 pregnant women from three European birth cohorts: BiB (United Kingdom), Rhea (Greece) and INMA (Spain).

Meta-Analysis: Prevalence of Frailty and Associated Adverse Events in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Background: The number of adults aged over 60 years with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing. Frailty, rather than chronological age, may be a better predictor of adverse health outcomes.

Aims: To summarise current knowledge about frailty in adults with IBD including the prevalence and associations of frailty and IBD-related adverse outcomes.

Maternal Enhanced and Critical Care (MEaCC) in Yorkshire and the Humber: regional implementation of an enhanced maternal care pathway and data collection.

Enhanced Maternity Care (EMC) is a new standard of care for women who become unwell during or shortly after pregnancy. Yorkshire and the Humber Maternity Clinical Network established the Maternal Enhanced and Critical Care Group (MEaCC) to create regional guidance with a focus on maternity staff training, development of the MEaCC database and data collection. This article describes the introduction of the MEaCC and regional data collection.

The role of NGOs and humanitarian organizations in enhancing surgical capacity in Africa: lessons learned and future directions-a narrative review.

Introduction: Significant inequities exist in surgical care accessibility across marginalized African communities. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and humanitarian groups are vital in supporting Africa's surgical infrastructure. This narrative review explores the current status of surgical care in Africa, highlighting NGO initiatives, past challenges, and future opportunities.

Mortality, morbidity and educational outcomes in children of consanguineous parents in the Born in Bradford cohort.

Background: Children of consanguineous parents have a higher risk of infant and childhood mortality, morbidity and intellectual and developmental disability.

Methods: Using a UK based longitudinal cohort study we quantify differences according to the consanguinity status of children from birth to 10 in mortality, health care usage, two health and three educational outcomes. The cohort comprises 13727 children; 35.

Unlocking the forest: An ethnographic evaluation of Forest Schools on developmental outcomes for 3-year-olds unaccustomed to woodland spaces.

Background And Purpose: Early years experiences shape a child's physical, cognitive and emotional development. Spending time in greenspaces offers benefits for children's development, but access and use can be limited in urban settings. There is increasing interest in the health and developmental benefits of Forest Schools for primary-aged children, but little is known about the benefits for pre-school children.

Pharmacologic Treatment of Hypertension in Older Adults.

The authors conducted a review of pharmacologic therapy in older adults with hypertension. They reviewed the evidence supporting their use in older adults, understanding the physiologic changes and potential adverse drug effects associated with aging and antihypertensive medication use, exploring guideline recommendations for antihypertensive use in older adults, and evaluating the associated risks and benefits of specific classes of antihypertensive medications.

Associations between maternal body mass index and childhood infections in UK primary care: findings from the Born in Bradford birth cohort study.

Objective: To explore associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) in early pregnancy and childhood infections.

Design: Birth cohort study linked to primary care records.

Setting: Bradford, UK.

Presentation and characteristics of children with screen-detected type 1 diabetes: learnings from the ELSA general population pediatric screening study.

Introduction: We describe the identification and management of general population screen-detected type 1 diabetes (T1D) and share learnings for best practice.

Research Design And Methods: Children diagnosed with T1D through a general population screening initiative, the EarLy Surveillance for Autoimmune diabetes (ELSA) study, were reviewed and described.Parents provided written, informed consent for inclusion in the case series.

Inpatient initiation of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors: the prescribing learning curve.

We aimed to describe the safety and tolerability of initiation of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) during hospitalisation with heart failure, and the frequency of, and reasons for, subsequent discontinuation. In total, 934 patients who were not already prescribed a SGLT2i were hospitalised with heart failure, 77 (8%) were initiated on a SGLT2i a median of five (3-8.5) days after admission and two (0.

Echocardiographic screening for heart failure and optimization of the care pathway for individuals with pacemakers: a randomized controlled trial.

Individuals with pacemakers are at increased risk of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD). Whether screening for and optimizing the medical management of LVSD in these individuals can improve clinical outcomes is unknown. In the present study, in a multicenter controlled trial (OPT-PACE), we randomized 1,201 patients (717 men) with a pacemaker to echocardiography screening or usual care.

Evaluating the effectiveness of simvastatin in slowing the progression of disability in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS-STAT2): protocol for a multicentre, randomised controlled, double-blind, phase 3 clinical trial in the UK.

Introduction: There remains a high unmet need for disease-modifying therapies that can impact disability progression in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). Following positive results of the phase 2 MS-STAT study, the MS-STAT2 phase 3 trial will evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of repurposed high-dose simvastatin in slowing the progression of disability in SPMS.

Methods And Analysis: MS-STAT2 will be a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of participants aged between 25 and 65 (inclusive) who have SPMS with an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 4.

Prevalence, predictors and outcomes of self-reported feedback for EMS professionals: a mixed-methods diary study.

Background: Providing feedback to healthcare professionals and organisations on performance or patient outcomes may improve care quality and professional development, particularly in Emergency Medical Services (EMS) where professionals make autonomous, complex decisions and current feedback provision is limited. This study aimed to determine the content and outcomes of feedback in EMS by measuring feedback prevalence, identifying predictors of receiving feedback, categorising feedback outcomes and determining predictors of feedback efficacy.

Methods: An observational mixed-methods study was used.

Community-based complex interventions to sustain independence in older people, stratified by frailty: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Sustaining independence is important for older people, but there is insufficient guidance about which community health and care services to implement.

Objectives: To synthesise evidence of the effectiveness of community services to sustain independence for older people grouped according to their intervention components, and to examine if frailty moderates the effect.

Review Design: Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Enhancing clinical and public health interpretation of accelerometer-assessed physical activity with age-referenced values based on UK Biobank data.

Background: Higher accelerometer-assessed volume and intensity of physical activity (PA) have been associated with a longer life expectancy but can be difficult to translate into recommended doses of PA. We aimed to: (a) improve interpretability by producing UK Biobank age-referenced centiles for PA volume and intensity; (b) inform public-health messaging by examining how adding recommended quantities of moderate and vigorous PA affect PA volume and intensity.

Methods: 92,480 UK Biobank participants aged 43-80 years with wrist-worn accelerometer data were included.

Socioeconomic position during pregnancy and pre-school exposome in children from eight European birth cohort studies.

Distribution of environmental hazards and vulnerability to their effects vary across socioeconomic groups. Our objective was to analyse the relationship between child socioeconomic position (SEP) at birth and the external exposome at pre-school age (0-4 years). This study included more than 60,000 children from eight cohorts in eleven European cities (Oslo, Copenhagen, Bristol, Bradford, Rotterdam, Nancy, Poitiers, Gipuzkoa, Sabadell, Valencia and Turin).

A qualitative exploration of barriers to efficient and effective structured medication reviews in primary care: Findings from the DynAIRx study.

Introduction: Structured medication reviews (SMRs), introduced in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2020, aim to enhance shared decision-making in medication optimisation, particularly for patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. Despite its potential, there is limited empirical evidence on the implementation of SMRs, and the challenges faced in the process. This study is part of a larger DynAIRx (Artificial Intelligence for dynamic prescribing optimisation and care integration in multimorbidity) project which aims to introduce Artificial Intelligence (AI) to SMRs and develop machine learning models and visualisation tools for patients with multimorbidity.