1,782 results match your criteria: "Boyce Thompson Institute[Affiliation]"
Plant Biotechnol J
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Celery (Apium graveolens L.) is an important vegetable crop in the Apiaceae family. It comprises three botanical varieties: common celery with solid and succulent petioles, celeriac or root celery with enlarged and fleshy hypocotyls and smallage or leaf celery with slender, leafy and usually hollow petioles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Cell
December 2024
Section of Horticulture, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
High carbohydrate availability promotes malic acid accumulation in fleshy fruits, but the underlying mechanism is not known. Here, we show that antisense repression of ALDOSE-6-PHOSPHATE REDUCTASE in apple (Malus domestica) decreases the concentrations of sorbitol and malate and the transcript levels of several genes involved in vacuolar malate transport, including the aluminum-activated malate transporter (ALMT) gene MdALMT9 (Ma1), the P-ATPase gene MdPH5, the MYB transcription factor gene MdMYB73, and the cold-induced basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene MdCIbHLH1, in fruit and leaves. We identified a linker histone H1 variant, MdH1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Diaphorina citri is an insect vector of "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" (CLas), the gram-negative bacterial pathogen associated with citrus greening disease. Control measures rely on pesticides with negative impacts on the environment, natural ecosystems, and human and animal health. In contrast, gene-targeting methods have the potential to specifically target the vector species and/or reduce pathogen transmission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nat Prod
December 2024
Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech, Cornell University, Geneva, New York 14456, United States.
The common milkweed is widespread in North America and produces cardenolide toxins that deter herbivores by targeting the transmembrane enzyme Na/K-ATPase. In 1979, Nobel Laureate Tadeus Reichstein elucidated the structure of novel cardenolides isolated from roots and proposed structures for several other cardenolides that could not be confirmed. In this study, we investigate the cardenolide composition of seeds, focusing on their abundance and inhibitory potency on the sensitive porcine Na/K-ATPase and that of the highly resistant large milkweed bug, .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Plants
December 2024
Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.
Trends Plant Sci
November 2024
Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
The accelerated pace of climate change over the past several years should serve as a wake-up call for all scientists, farmers, and decision makers, as it severely threatens our food supply and could result in famine, migration, war, and an overall destabilization of our society. Rapid and significant changes are therefore needed in the way we conduct research on plant resilience, develop new crop varieties, and cultivate those crops in our agricultural systems. Here, we describe the main bottlenecks for these processes and outline a set of key recommendations on how to accelerate research in this critical area for our society.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Plant Sci
August 2024
School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium Cornell University Ithaca New York USA.
Premise: There is a general lack of consensus on the best practices for filtering of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and whether it is better to use SNPs or include flanking regions (full "locus") in phylogenomic analyses and subsequent comparative methods.
Methods: Using genotyping-by-sequencing data from 22 species, we assessed the effects of SNP vs. locus usage and SNP retention stringency.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Genetics, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba 13418-900, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
With the increasing concern on heavy metal contamination in agriculture and other environmental settings, unraveling the mechanisms of cadmium (Cd) tolerance and response in plants has become highly important. Ongoing plant Cd research over the years has focused on strategic and relevant aspects, including molecular, biochemical, and physiological processes. From this perspective, phosphoproteomics appears to be an innovative and powerful approach to investigating plant responses to Cd stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
November 2024
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, U. S. A.
Plants possess cell-surface recognition receptors that detect molecular patterns from microbial invaders and initiate an immune response. Understanding the conservation of pattern-triggered immunity within different plant organs and across species is crucial to its sustainable and effective use in plant disease management but is currently unclear.We examined the activation and immune response patterns of three pattern recognition receptors (PRRs: FLS2, FLS3, and CORE) in different developmental regions of roots and in leaves of multiple accessions of domesticated and wild tomato ( and ) using biochemical and genetic assays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
November 2024
Institute for Integrative Genome Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
Methylerythritol cyclodiphosphate (MEcPP) is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids in plant plastids and in bacteria, and acts as a stress signal in plants. Here, we show that MEcPP regulates biofilm formation in Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655. Increased MEcPP levels, triggered by genetic manipulation or oxidative stress, inhibit biofilm development and production of fimbriae.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
November 2024
College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Sci Rep
November 2024
Laboratory of Mycology and Phytopathology (LAMFU), Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
Mol Plant Microbe Interact
November 2024
Tel Aviv University, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel, 69978;
Type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) are essential for regulating plant immune responses to pathogens. Our study focuses on the tomato PP2C-immunity associated candidate 6 (Pic6), elucidating its role in negatively regulating pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) signaling pathways in tomato. Using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), we observed that treatment with microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs)- flg22 and flgII-28-significantly increased mRNA levels in wild-type (RG-PtoR) tomato plants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHortic Res
November 2024
Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Camelina (), an allohexaploid species, is an emerging aviation biofuel crop that has been the focus of resurgent interest in recent decades. To guide future breeding and crop improvement efforts, the community requires a deeper comprehension of subgenome dominance, often noted in allopolyploid species, "alongside an understanding of the genetic diversity" and population structure of material present within breeding programs. We conducted population genetic analyses of a diversity panel, leveraging a new genome, to estimate nucleotide diversity and population structure, and analyzed for patterns of subgenome expression dominance among different organs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome Biol Evol
November 2024
Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Nuclear matrix constituent proteins in plants function like animal lamins, providing the structural foundation of the nuclear lamina and regulating nuclear organization and morphology. Although they are well characterized in angiosperms, the presence and structure of nuclear matrix constituent proteins in more distantly related species, such as streptophytic algae, are relatively unknown. The rapid evolution of nuclear matrix constituent proteins throughout the plant lineage has caused a divergence in protein sequence that makes similarity-based searches less effective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
November 2024
National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
In tomato, sugar content is highly correlated with consumer preferences, with most consumers preferring sweeter fruit. However, the sugar content of commercial varieties is generally low, as it is inversely correlated with fruit size, and growers prioritize yield over flavour quality. Here we identified two genes, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) calcium-dependent protein kinase 27 (SlCDPK27; also known as SlCPK27) and its paralogue SlCDPK26, that control fruit sugar content.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Plant
December 2024
School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address:
Hornworts are the only land plants that employ a pyrenoid to optimize Rubisco's CO fixation, yet hornwort Rubisco remains poorly characterized. Here we assembled the hornwort Anthoceros agrestis Rubisco (AaRubisco) using the Arabidopsis thaliana SynBio expression system and observed the formation of stalled intermediates, prompting us to develop a new SynBio system with A. agrestis cognate chaperones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew Phytol
December 2024
Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
An enormous diversity of specialized metabolites is produced in the plant kingdom, with each individual plant synthesizing thousands of these compounds. Previous research showed that benzoxazinoids, the most abundant class of specialized metabolites in maize, also function as signaling molecules by regulating the production callose as a defense response. We searched for additional benzoxazinoid-regulated specialized metabolites, characterized them, examined whether they too function in herbivore protection, and determined how Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm), a prominent maize pest, copes with these metabolites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Cell Environ
October 2024
Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Plants produce an immense diversity of defensive specialized metabolites. However, despite extensive functional characterization, the relative importance of different defensive compounds is rarely examined in natural settings. Here, we compare the efficacy of three Nicotiana benthamiana defensive compounds, nicotine, acylsugars and a serine protease inhibitor, by growing plants with combinations of knockout mutations in a natural setting, quantifying invertebrate interactions and comparing relative plant performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Plants
November 2024
Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Modern rose (Rosa hybrida) is a recently formed interspecific hybrid and has become one of the most important and widely cultivated ornamentals. Here we report the haplotype-resolved chromosome-scale genome assembly of the tetraploid R. hybrida 'Samantha' ('JACmantha') and a genome variation map of 233 Rosa accessions involving various wild species, and old and modern cultivars.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
October 2024
Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.
Nat Protoc
September 2024
Virtual Multi-Omics Laboratory, The Internet, Riverside, CA, USA.
Feature-based molecular networking (FBMN) is a popular analysis approach for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based non-targeted metabolomics data. While processing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry data through FBMN is fairly streamlined, downstream data handling and statistical interrogation are often a key bottleneck. Especially users new to statistical analysis struggle to effectively handle and analyze complex data matrices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
August 2024
Department of Horticulture, Graduate Program in Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Sci Rep
September 2024
School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 135 Plant Science Building, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.
The gut microbiome of worms from composting facilities potentially harbors organisms that are beneficial to plant growth and development. In this experiment, we sought to examine the potential impacts of rhizosphere microbiomes derived from Eisenia fetida worm castings (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHortic Res
September 2024
Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
It is well known that if a fruit is harvested extremely early its development and function are interrupted, and it may never attain full maturity and optimal quality. Reports revealing insights regarding the alterations of maturation, ripening and postharvest quality in very early picked fruits are rare. We examined the effects of early harvesting on tomatoes by characterizing different accessions at the molecular, physiological, and biochemical levels.
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