bioRxiv
September 2023
Cancer Signaling & Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111.
The extreme surge of interest over the past decade surrounding the use of neural networks has inspired many groups to deploy them for predicting binding affinities of drug-like molecules to their receptors. A model that can accurately make such predictions has the potential to screen large chemical libraries and help streamline the drug discovery process. However, despite reports of models that accurately predict quantitative inhibition using protein kinase sequences and inhibitors' SMILES strings, it is still unclear whether these models can generalize to previously unseen data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Infect Dis
October 2023
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, Maine 04011, United States.
Glycans that coat the surface of bacteria are compelling antibiotic targets because they contain distinct monosaccharides that are linked to pathogenesis and are absent in human cells. Disrupting glycan biosynthesis presents a path to inhibiting the ability of a bacterium to infect the host. We previously demonstrated that O-glycosides act as metabolic inhibitors and disrupt bacterial glycan biosynthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
August 2023
Department of Environmental Studies, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
Increasing gold and mineral mining activity in rivers across the global tropics has degraded ecosystems and threatened human health. Such river mineral mining involves intensive excavation and sediment processing in river corridors, altering river form and releasing excess sediment downstream. Increased suspended sediment loads can reduce water clarity and cause siltation to levels that may result in disease and mortality in fish, poor water quality and damage to human infrastructure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfect Dis Model
September 2023
Dept of Mathematics & Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology & NIMBioS, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA.
The dynamics of infectious disease in a population critically involves both within-host pathogen replication and between host pathogen transmission. While modeling efforts have recently explored how within-host dynamics contribute to shaping population transmission, fewer have explored how ongoing circulation of an epidemic infectious disease can impact within-host immunological dynamics. We present a simple, influenza-inspired model that explores the potential for re-exposure during a single, ongoing outbreak to shape individual immune response and epidemiological potential in non-trivial ways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFreshwater environments vary widely in ion availability, owing to both natural and anthropogenic drivers. Field and laboratory work point to the importance of overall salinity, as well as cation depletion, in shaping the physiology, behavior, and ecology of freshwater taxa. Yet, we currently have a poor understanding of the degree to which populations may vary in response to ion availability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E
May 2023
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-4515, USA.
This work focuses on the study of time-periodic solutions, including breathers, in a nonlinear lattice consisting of elements whose contacts alternate between strain hardening and strain softening. The existence, stability, and bifurcation structure of such solutions, as well as the system dynamics in the presence of damping and driving, are studied systematically. It is found that the linear resonant peaks in the system bend toward the frequency gap in the presence of nonlinearity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIsr J Chem
February 2023
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA.
Bacteria coat themselves with a dense array of cell envelope glycans that enhance bacterial fitness and promote survival. Despite the importance of bacterial glycans, their systematic study and perturbation remains challenging. Chemical tools have made important inroads toward understanding and altering bacterial glycans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Aging Health
December 2023
Department of Economics, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico.
The paper offers an expanded framework for conducting empirical research on resilient aging. We review the conceptual frameworks for resilient aging and incorporate the role of economic factors as resources that contribute to resilience, in addition to social and psychological factors emphasized in the existing literature. Moreover, the idea of reinforcing cycles of resilience is incorporated in the framework.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFiScience
May 2023
Aquaculture Research Institute, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA.
The American lobster, , is an economically valuable and ecologically important crustacean along the North Atlantic coast of North America. Populations in southern locations have declined in recent decades due to increasing ocean temperatures and disease, and these circumstances are progressing northward. We monitored 57 adult female lobsters, healthy and shell diseased, under three seasonal temperature cycles for a year, to track shell bacterial communities using culturing and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, progression of epizootic shell disease using visual assessment, and antimicrobial activity of hemolymph.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
May 2023
Department of Behavioural Ecology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Wrocław 50-335, Poland.
Climate change affects timing of reproduction in many bird species, but few studies have investigated its influence on annual reproductive output. Here, we assess changes in the annual production of young by female breeders in 201 populations of 104 bird species (N = 745,962 clutches) covering all continents between 1970 and 2019. Overall, average offspring production has declined in recent decades, but considerable differences were found among species and populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E
March 2023
Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
The propagation of acoustic and elastic waves in time-varying, spatially homogeneous media can exhibit different phenomena when compared to traditional spatially varying, temporally homogeneous media. In the present work, the response of a one-dimensional phononic lattice with time-periodic elastic properties is studied with experimental, numerical and theoretical approaches in both linear and nonlinear regimes. The system consists of repelling magnetic masses with grounding stiffness controlled by electrical coils driven with electrical signals that vary periodically in time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurosci
March 2023
Department of Biology, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME, United States.
Changes in ambient temperature affect all biological processes. However, these effects are process specific and often vary non-linearly. It is thus a non-trivial problem for neuronal circuits to maintain coordinated, functional output across a range of temperatures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychol
March 2023
Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Health Econ
June 2023
Department of Economics, Bowdoin College, University of Pittsburgh, Brunswick, Maine, USA.
The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 established Community Mental Health Centers (CMHCs) across the country with the goal of providing continuous, comprehensive, community-oriented care to people suffering from mental illness. Despite this program being considered a failure by most contemporary accounts, the World Health Organization advocates for a transition from the institutionalization of the mentally ill to a system of community-centered care. In this paper, we construct a novel dataset documenting the rollout of CMHCs from 1971 to 1981 to identify the effect of establishing a CMHC on county level mortality rates, focusing on causes of death related to mental illness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtein Sci
April 2023
Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, USA.
Protein-protein interactions that involve recognition of short peptides are critical in cellular processes. Protein-peptide interaction surface areas are relatively small and shallow, and there are often overlapping specificities in families of peptide-binding domains. Therefore, dissecting selectivity determinants can be challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Ecol
August 2023
Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Plant secondary metabolites that defend leaves from herbivores also occur in floral nectar. While specialist herbivores often have adaptations providing resistance to these compounds in leaves, many social insect pollinators are generalists, and therefore are not expected to be as resistant to such compounds. The milkweeds, Asclepias spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
January 2023
Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, USA.
Protein-protein interactions that include recognition of short sequences of amino acids, or peptides, are critical in cellular processes. Protein-peptide interaction surface areas are relatively small and shallow, and there are often overlapping specificities in families of peptide-binding domains. Therefore, dissecting selectivity determinants can be challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIbis (Lond 1859)
January 2023
Birds Canada, 43 Main Street, Sackville, NB, E4L 1G6, Canada.
Reproduction in procellariiform birds is characterized by a single egg clutch, slow development, a long breeding season and obligate biparental care. Female Leach's Storm Petrels , nearly monomorphic members of this order, produce eggs that are between 20 and 25% of adult body weight. We tested whether female foraging behaviour differs from male foraging behaviour during the ~ 44-day incubation period across seven breeding colonies in the Northwest Atlantic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychol
November 2022
Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States.
Objectives: The present study examined parental sleep-supporting practices during toddlerhood in relation to temperament across 14 cultures. We hypothesized that passive sleep-supporting techniques (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Prev Res (Phila)
April 2023
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Unlabelled: Avocados contain nutrients and phytochemicals that make it promising for cancer prevention, and chemopreventive properties have been demonstrated in prior studies. Prospective studies on avocado consumption and cancer risk have yet to be conducted. This study included data from 45,289 men in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS, 1986-2016) and 67,039 women in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS, 1986-2014).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
February 2023
Acadia University, Department of Biology, Wolfville, Nova Scotia B4P 2R6, Canada.
Mercury (Hg) is a globally distributed heavy metal, with negative effects on wildlife. Its most toxic form, methylmercury (MeHg), predominates in aquatic systems. Levels of MeHg in marine predators can vary widely among individuals and populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Popul Ageing
September 2022
Sealy Center for Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.
We exploit the longitudinal Mexican Health and Aging Study to estimate the effects of health shocks in the short-run on the subsequent economic well-being of the aging population in Mexico. While there is substantial evidence indicating negative economic effects of such changes in industrialized countries, little is known about health impacts on the future economic position of older adults in low- and middle-income countries. This paper takes an important step towards filling this gap in knowledge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPaediatr Anaesth
February 2023
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
PeerJ
January 2023
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, St. George's, St. George's, Bermuda.
Coral reefs are declining worldwide primarily because of bleaching and subsequent mortality resulting from thermal stress. Currently, extensive efforts to engage in more holistic research and restoration endeavors have considerably expanded the techniques applied to examine coral samples. Despite such advances, coral bleaching and restoration studies are often conducted within a specific disciplinary focus, where specimens are collected, preserved, and archived in ways that are not always conducive to further downstream analyses by specialists in other disciplines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCells
October 2022
Cvetanovic Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 2101 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
While astrocyte heterogeneity is an important feature of the healthy brain, less is understood about spatiotemporal heterogeneity of astrocytes in brain disease. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the gene (). We characterized astrocytes across disease progression in the four clinically relevant brain regions, cerebellum, brainstem, hippocampus, and motor cortex, of mice, a knock-in mouse model of SCA1.
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