Therapeutic Potentials of Near-Infrared II Photobiomodulation to Treat Cerebrovascular Diseases via Nitric Oxide Signalling.

Endothelial dysfunction featuring insufficient endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and accompanying nitric oxide (NO) deficiency is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Restoring endothelial NO represents a promising approach to treating cerebrovascular diseases, including stroke. Low-power near-infrared (NIR) light shows diverse beneficial effects, broadly defined as photobiomodulation (PBM).

Neurocognitive and psychiatric outcomes associated with postacute COVID-19 infection without severe medical complication: a meta-analysis.

Background: Cognitive symptoms are often reported by those with a history of COVID-19 infection. No comprehensive meta-analysis of neurocognitive outcomes related to COVID-19 exists despite the influx of studies after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study meta-analysed observational research comparing cross-sectional neurocognitive outcomes in adults with COVID-19 (without severe medical/psychiatric comorbidity) to healthy controls (HCs) or norm-referenced data.

Factors that influence the mortality of patients following hip hemiarthroplasty.

Introduction: Hip hemiarthroplasty (HHA) is one of the most common types of orthopedic surgery. With the prevalence and utilization of the surgery increasing year after year, this procedure is found to be associated with severe postoperative complications and eventually mortality. Thus, it is crucial to understand the factors that increase the risk of mortality following HHA.

The AI Future of Emergency Medicine.

In the coming years, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning will likely give rise to profound changes in the field of emergency medicine, and medicine more broadly. This article discusses these anticipated changes in terms of 3 overlapping yet distinct stages of AI development. It reviews some fundamental concepts in AI and explores their relation to clinical practice, with a focus on emergency medicine.

The Eruptive Fevers at Sixes and Sevens.

Sixth Disease (roseola infantum) and its primary causative agent, HHV-6, share names that numerically concur. This article examines and answers the question of whether that correspondence is by design or coincidental by briefly reviewing the history and nomenclature of the HHV viruses and the classic febrile rashes of childhood while highlighting some clinical and microbiologic features of HHV-6 infection.

Near-Infrared II Photobiomodulation Preconditioning Ameliorates Stroke Injury via Phosphorylation of eNOS.

Background: The current management of patients with stroke with intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy is effective only when it is timely performed on an appropriately selected but minor fraction of patients. The development of novel adjunctive therapy is highly desired to reduce morbidity and mortality with stroke. Since endothelial dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of stroke and is featured with suppressed endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) with concomitant nitric oxide deficiency, restoring endothelial nitric oxide represents a promising approach to treating stroke injury.

Intracranial dynamics biomarkers at traumatic cerebral vasospasm.

Introduction: Patients who suffer severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) and cerebral vasospasm (CVS) frequently have posttraumatic cerebral ischemia (PCI).

The Research Question: was to study changes in cerebral microcirculatory bed parameters in sTBI patients with CVS and with or without PCI.

Material And Methods: A total of 136 severe TBI patients were recruited in the study.

Dynamics of Intracranial Pressure and Cerebrovascular Reactivity During Intrahospital Transportation of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in Coma.

Background: Intrahospital transportation (IHT) of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common and may have adverse consequences, incurring inherent risks. The data on the frequency and severity of clinical complications linked with IHT are contradictory, and there is no agreement on whether it is safe or potentially challenging for neurocritical care unit patients. Continuous intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is essential in neurointensive care.

Uncemented Hemiarthroplasty in Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures is associated with Higher Perioperative Surgical Complications but Lower Medical Complications: Analysis from the National Inpatient Database.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze and compare the perioperative outcomes of cemented and uncemented hemiarthroplasty in elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fractures by utilizing the data from the National Inpatient Sample database.

Methods: Data from the National Inpatient Sample Database was analyzed to identify patients who underwent hemiarthroplasty following a displaced femoral neck fracture (cemented and uncemented. Demographic data, comorbidities, length of stay, total charges, and perioperative complications were analyzed.

Thermal safety considerations for implantable micro-coil design.

Micro magnetic stimulation of the brain via implantable micro-coils is a promising novel technology for neuromodulation. Careful consideration of the thermodynamic profile of such devices is necessary for effective and safe designs.We seek to quantify the thermal profile of bent wire micro-coils in order to understand and mitigate thermal impacts of micro-coil stimulation.

Novel agents and evolving strategies in myelofibrotive neoplasm: an update from 2022 ASH annual conference.

Myelofibrosis (MF) is a disorder characterized by the proliferation of myeloid precursors, commonly due to overactive JAK signaling. The discovery of the JAK2 mutation and subsequent development of JAK inhibitors (JAKi) results in reduced spleen size, improved symptom, and enhanced survival in MF patients. However, there are unmet needs of additional novel targeted therapies for this incurable disease due to the limited utility of first-generation JAKis, which are associated with dose-limiting cytopenia and disease recurrence.

Telehealth Policy, Practice, and Education: a Position Statement of the Society of General Internal Medicine.

Telehealth services, specifically telemedicine audio-video and audio-only patient encounters, expanded dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic through temporary waivers and flexibilities tied to the public health emergency. Early studies demonstrate significant potential to advance the quintuple aim (patient experience, health outcomes, cost, clinician well-being, and equity). Supported well, telemedicine can particularly improve patient satisfaction, health outcomes, and equity.

IL-33 mediates Pseudomonas induced airway fibrogenesis and is associated with CLAD.

Background: Long term outcomes of lung transplantation are impacted by the occurrence of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). Recent evidence suggests a role for the lung microbiome in the occurrence of CLAD, but the exact mechanisms are not well defined. We hypothesize that the lung microbiome inhibits epithelial autophagic clearance of pro-fibrotic proteins in an IL-33 dependent manner, thereby augmenting fibrogenesis and risk for CLAD.

Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing and Locked Plating for the Treatment of Periprosthetic Supracondylar Femur Fractures: A Meta-Analysis and Quantitative Review.

Background: As the prevalence of Total Knee Arthroplasty increases, there is still debate over the preferred method of treatment of supracondylar periprosthetic femoral fractures. The aim of this study was to compare two of the common methods of fixation: Locked Plating and Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing with respect to nonunion, delayed union and surgical revision rate.

Methods: A comprehensive database search via Pubmed was conducted, yielding 16 eligible studies.

Magnetic stimulation allows focal activation of the mouse cochlea.

Cochlear implants (CIs) provide sound and speech sensations for patients with severe to profound hearing loss by electrically stimulating the auditory nerve. While most CI users achieve some degree of open set word recognition under quiet conditions, hearing that utilizes complex neural coding (e.g.

Efficacy and acceptability of interventions for co-occurring PTSD and SUD: A meta-analysis.

Over the past 20 years, numerous treatments addressing comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) have been developed and tested. The current meta-analysis examined the efficacy and acceptability of the two central treatment types- trauma-focused and non-trauma-focused - compared with all comparators and with cognitive-behavioral manualized SUD treatments immediately post-treatment and at longest follow-up. Twenty-eight randomized clinical trials (N = 3247) were included.

Non-acute Rotator Cuff Tear: Repair Augmented with Reconstituted Absorbable Collagen Scaffold (RACS)- Systematic Review.

Background: There have been studies indicating that the non acute rotator cuff repair can be augmented with reconstituted absorbable collagen scaffold (RACS) which results in better structural integrity and functional outcome. Hence, this review aims to systematically analyse the available evidence based on its methodological quality, technique and functional outcome.

Methods: Systematic review was carried on PubMed for articles related to non acute rotator cuff repair reconstituted absorbable collagen scaffold .

Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome: A Report on Successful Halting of Acro-osteolysis.

Case: The phenomenon of acro-osteolysis often intrigues clinicians and patients alike, as it causes bone resorption. One such condition is Hajdu-Cheney syndrome. We report our experience in identifying and halting the active bone resorption in a patient and his father with 2-year follow-up results.

Proximal fibular osteotomy: Systematic review on its outcomes.

Background: The morbidity and burden of knee osteoarthritis affecting millions of lives worldwide has created a constant pursuit in finding the ideal treatment for knee osteoarthritis. There has been a paradigm shift in the surgical treatment of osteoarthritis ever since the initial description of Volkmann's tibial osteotomy. This review focuses on one such recent procedure, the proximal fibular osteotomy (PFO) for medial compartment knee osteoarthritis.