Recent contributions to the field of subjective cognitive decline in aging: A literature review.

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is defined as self-experienced, persistent concerns of decline in cognitive capacity in the context of normal performance on objective cognitive measures. Although SCD was initially thought to represent the "worried well," these concerns can be linked to subtle brain changes prior to changes in objective cognitive performance and, therefore, in some individuals, SCD may represent the early stages of an underlying neurodegenerative disease process (e.g.

Association of Fentanyl Test Strip Use, Perceived Overdose Risk, and Naloxone Possession among People Who Use Drugs.

As opioid overdoses continue rising, interventions are needed to expand naloxone carriage, an opioid overdose reversal agent. Use of fentanyl test strips (FTS) might promote naloxone carriage. This study examines the relationship between FTS use, perceived overdose risk, and naloxone carriage in Wisconsin, United States.

Pelvic spine reduction affects diet but not gill raker morphology in two polymorphic brook stickleback () populations.

Pelvic spine polymorphism occurs in several species in the stickleback family (Gasterosteidae). Given the similar phenotypic polymorphisms in multiple stickleback species, we sought to determine the extent of parallelism in the ecological correlates of pelvic spine reduction. Based on a metabarcoding analysis of brook stickleback gut contents in two polymorphic populations, we found that significant diet differences were associated with pelvic spine reduction, but we found no clear or consistent trend supporting a tendency for benthic feeding in pelvic-reduced brook sticklebacks.

Gap-enhanced gold nanodumbbells with single-particle surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensitivity.

Gap-enhanced Raman tags (GERTs) have been widely used for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) imaging due to their excellent SERS performances. Here, we reported a synthetic strategy for novel gap-enhanced dumbbell-like nanoparticles with anisotropic shell coatings. Controlled shell growth at the tips of gold nanorods was achieved by using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a capping agent.

Urban-rural differences in cancer mortality: Operationalizing rurality.

Objective: To assess urban-rural differences in cancer mortality across definitions of rurality as (1) established binary cut-points, (2) data-driven binary cut-points, and (3) continuous.

Methods: We used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data between 2000 and 2016 to identify incident adult screening-related cancers. Analyses were based on one testing and four validation cohorts (all n = 26,587).

Differential gene expression in response to fungal pathogen exposure in the aquatic invertebrate, .

While vertebrate immune systems are appreciated for their complexity and adaptability, invertebrate immunity is often considered to be less complex. However, immune responses in many invertebrates likely involve sophisticated processes. Interactions between the crustacean host and its fungal pathogen provide an excellent model for exploring the mechanisms underlying crustacean immunity.

Lead Cap Use in Interventional Cardiology: Time to Protect Our Head in the Cardiac Catheterisation Laboratory?

: Radiation exposure is an occupational hazard for interventional cardiologists and cardiac catheterisation laboratory staff that can manifest with serious long-term health consequences. Personal protective equipment, including lead jackets and glasses, is common, but the use of radiation protective lead caps is inconsistent. : A systematic review qualitative assessment of five observational studies using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines protocol was performed.

The genetic basis of conspicuous coloration in the Guadeloupean anole: Evolution by sexual and ecological selection.

Understanding how natural selection acts on the genome and contributes to the process of speciation is a primary aim of the study of evolution. Here we used natural variation in two subspecies of the Guadeloupean anole ( ssp.), from the island of Guadeloupe in the Lesser Antilles, to explore the genomic basis of adaptation and speciation in lizards.

The role of emergency physicians in the fight against health misinformation: Implications for resident training.

Emergency physicians on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic are first-hand witnesses to the direct impact of health misinformation and disinformation on individual patients, communities, and public health at large. Therefore, emergency physicians naturally have a crucial role to play to steward factual information and combat health misinformation. Unfortunately, most physicians lack the communications and social media training needed to address health misinformation with patients and online, highlighting an obvious gap in emergency medicine training.

glycan sequencing by electronic excitation dissociation MS-guided MS analysis on an Omnitrap-Orbitrap hybrid instrument.

Comprehensive glycan sequencing remains an elusive goal due to the structural diversity and complexity of glycans. Present strategies employing collision-induced dissociation (CID) and higher energy collisional dissociation (HCD)-based multi-stage tandem mass spectrometry (MS) or MS/MS combined with sequential exoglycosidase digestions are inherently low-throughput and difficult to automate. Compared to CID and HCD, electron transfer dissociation (ETD) and electron capture dissociation (ECD) each generate more cross-ring cleavages informative about linkage positions, but electronic excitation dissociation (EED) exceeds the information content of all other methods and is also applicable to analysis of singly charged precursors.

Emergency department staff perspectives on caring for patients experiencing early pregnancy loss (Boston, Massachusetts 2021).

Objectives: A preimplementation study to examine the context of, and barriers and facilitators to, providing early pregnancy loss care in one emergency department (ED), to inform implementation strategies to improve ED-based early pregnancy loss care.

Study Design: We recruited a purposive sample of participants and conducted semistructured individual qualitative interviews focused on caring for patients experiencing pregnancy loss in the ED until saturation was reached. For analysis, we used framework coding and directed content analysis.

Representativeness of samples enrolled in Alzheimer's disease research centers.

Unlabelled: To generalize findings on the mechanisms and prognosis in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), it is critical for ADRD research to be representative of the population. Sociodemographic and health characteristics across ethnoracial groups included in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center sample (NACC) were compared to the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Baseline NACC data ( = 36,639) and the weighted 2010 HRS wave ( = 52,071,840) were included.

Neurovascular Uncoupling Is Linked to Microcirculatory Dysfunction in Regions Outside the Ischemic Core Following Ischemic Stroke.

Background Normal brain function depends on the ability of the vasculature to increase blood flow to regions with high metabolic demands. Impaired neurovascular coupling, such as the local hyperemic response to neuronal activity, may contribute to poor neurological outcome after stroke despite successful recanalization, that is, futile recanalization. Methods and Results Mice implanted with chronic cranial windows were trained for awake head-fixation before experiments.

COVID-19-Associated Misinformation Across the South Asian Diaspora: Qualitative Study of WhatsApp Messages.

Background: South Asians, inclusive of individuals originating in India, Pakistan, Maldives, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, and Nepal, comprise the largest diaspora in the world, with large South Asian communities residing in the Caribbean, Africa, Europe, and elsewhere. There is evidence that South Asian communities have disproportionately experienced COVID-19 infections and mortality. WhatsApp, a free messaging app, is widely used in transnational communication within the South Asian diaspora.

Modeling collective cell behavior in cancer: Perspectives from an interdisciplinary conversation.

Collective cell behavior contributes to all stages of cancer progression. Understanding how collective behavior emerges through cell-cell interactions and decision-making will advance our understanding of cancer biology and provide new therapeutic approaches. Here, we summarize an interdisciplinary discussion on multicellular behavior in cancer, draw lessons from other scientific disciplines, and identify future directions.

Quantifying Radiation Belt Electron Loss Processes at < 4.

We present a comprehensive analysis of the processes that lead to quasilinear pitch-angle-scattering loss of electrons from the  < 4 region of the Earth's inner magnetosphere during geomagnetically quiet times. We consider scattering via Coulomb collisions, hiss waves, lightning-generated whistler (LGW) waves, waves from ground-based very-low-frequency (VLF) transmitters, and electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves. The amplitude, frequency, and wave normal angle spectra of these waves are parameterized with empirical wave models, which are then used to compute pitch-angle diffusion coefficients.

Juno Plasma Wave Observations at Ganymede.

The Juno Waves instrument measured plasma waves associated with Ganymede's magnetosphere during its flyby on 7 June, day 158, 2021. Three distinct regions were identified including a wake, and nightside and dayside regions in the magnetosphere distinguished by their electron densities and associated variability. The magnetosphere includes electron cyclotron harmonic emissions including a band at the upper hybrid frequency, as well as whistler-mode chorus and hiss.