16 results match your criteria: "Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard University[Affiliation]"
A Systematic Review of Human Paenibacillus Infections and Comparison of Adult and Pediatric Cases.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
December 2024
From the Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
Background: Neonatal infections due to Paenibacillus species have increasingly been reported over the last few years.
Methods: We performed a structured literature review of human Paenibacillus infections in pediatric and adult patients to compare the epidemiology of infections between these distinct patient populations.
Results: Forty reports describing 177 infections were included.
Deliberate Practice as an Effective Method for Reducing Diagnostic Error in Identifying Burn and Bruise Injuries Suspicious for an Abusive Injury.
J Pediatr
November 2024
Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address:
Objective: To examine the effectiveness of an education intervention for reducing physician diagnostic error in identifying pediatric burn and bruise injuries suspicious for abuse, and to determine case-specific variables associated with an increased risk of diagnostic error.
Study Design: This was a multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study. A convenience sample of pediatricians and other front-line physicians who treat acutely injured children in the United States and Canada were eligible for participation.
Multiple pathways to developmental continuity in infant cognition.
Trends Cogn Sci
August 2023
Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Classifying multicenter approaches to invasive mechanical ventilation for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia using hierarchical clustering analysis.
Pediatr Pulmonol
August 2023
Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - This research investigates different mechanical ventilation strategies for infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) to improve care and clinical trial design.
- - A secondary analysis of data from 78 infants across 14 centers used clustering techniques to categorize ventilator settings into three distinct approaches based on specific physiological measures.
- - The findings show significant differences in ventilation settings among the identified clusters, suggesting a need for further studies to link these practices to BPD clinical outcomes.
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk as an Emerging Priority in Pediatrics.
Pediatrics
November 2022
Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard University Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Article Synopsis
- Childhood and adolescence are critical periods for preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), as early atherogenesis begins in these stages due to factors like obesity and hypertension.
- Children with obesity have a significantly higher risk of ASCVD mortality later in life, underlining the importance of early intervention in cardiovascular health.
- A variety of pediatric disorders, such as chronic inflammatory conditions and congenital heart diseases, increase ASCVD risk even more than obesity, highlighting the need for comprehensive cardiovascular risk management in pediatric healthcare.
Fetal Brain Development in Congenital Heart Disease.
Can J Cardiol
February 2023
Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard University Departments of Neurology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Neurodevelopmental impairments are the most common extracardiac morbidities among patients with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) across the lifespan. Robust clinical research in this area has revealed several cardiac, medical, and social factors that can contribute to neurodevelopmental outcome in the context of CHD. Studies using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been instrumental in identifying quantitative and qualitative difference in brain structure and maturation in this patient population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSafety Events in Children's Hospitals During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Hosp Pediatr
June 2021
Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.
Background And Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted hospitals, potentially affecting quality and safety. Our objective was to compare pediatric hospitalization safety events during the pandemic versus previous years.
Methods: In this retrospective cohort study of hospitalizations in the Pediatric Health Information System, we compared Pediatric Quality Indicator (PDI) rates from March 15 to May 31, 2017-2019 (pre-COVID-19), with those from March 15 to May 31, 2020 (during COVID-19).
A Rare Autosomal Dominant Variant in Regulator of Calcineurin Type 1 () Gene Confers Enhanced Calcineurin Activity and May Cause FSGS.
J Am Soc Nephrol
July 2021
Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
Background: Podocyte dysfunction is the main pathologic mechanism driving the development of FSGS and other morphologic types of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). Despite significant progress, the genetic causes of most cases of SRNS have yet to be identified.
Methods: Whole-genome sequencing was performed on 320 individuals from 201 families with familial and sporadic NS/FSGS with no pathogenic mutations in any known NS/FSGS genes.
Person Ability Scores as an Alternative to Norm-Referenced Scores as Outcome Measures in Studies of Neurodevelopmental Disorders.
Am J Intellect Dev Disabil
November 2020
Judith S. Miller, University of Pennsylvania.
Although norm-referenced scores are essential to the identification of disability, they possess several features which affect their sensitivity to change. Norm-referenced scores often decrease over time among people with neurodevelopmental disorders who exhibit slower-than-average increases in ability. Further, the reliability of norm-referenced scores is lower at the tails of the distribution, resulting in floor effects and increased measurement error for people with neurodevelopmental disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolocumab in Children with Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia.
N Engl J Med
October 2020
From the Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard University Medical School, Boston.
Parents Demand and Teenager Refuses Epidural Anesthesia.
Pediatrics
June 2020
Department of Pediatrics and Bioethics Center, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
A 15-year-old girl is scheduled to undergo an upper lobectomy to debulk metastatic Ewing sarcoma. The anesthesiologist recommended placement of a thoracic epidural catheter to provide postoperative analgesia. The patient did not want a needle to be placed near her spine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNational Cancer Institute Think-Tank Meeting Report on Proteomic Cartography and Biomarkers at the Single-Cell Level: Interrogation of Premalignant Lesions.
J Proteome Res
May 2020
Cancer Biomarkers Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
Article Synopsis
- - The National Cancer Institute held a think-tank meeting to gather expert insights on using multiomic single-cell analyses, particularly single-cell proteomics, to create advanced cancer biomarkers for risk assessment, early detection, diagnosis, and treatment targets.
- - The discussion covered challenges in single-cell analysis, including methods for analyzing cells from different tissue states, detecting secreted molecules, identifying new cell types, and integrating multiple types of data effectively.
- - Experts also explored technical improvements needed for single-cell proteomics, including enhancing measurement sensitivity, achieving adequate data coverage, and effectively visualizing complex data sets to better understand intercellular communication in cancerous tissues.
Slow phosphorylation of a tyrosine residue in LAT optimizes T cell ligand discrimination.
Nat Immunol
November 2019
Division of Rheumatology, Rosalind Russell and Ephraim P. Engleman Arthritis Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Self-non-self discrimination is a key part of how T cells work in our immune system.
- A specific process involving a protein called LAT and a part of it called Y132 is really important for T cells to tell the difference between what’s friendly and what’s harmful.
- Changing a nearby part of LAT can speed up this process, making T cells better at responding to weaker signals, which helps them act more accurately when fighting infections.
Human tumor genomics and zebrafish modeling identify loss as a driver of mucosal melanoma.
Science
November 2018
Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Melanomas originating from mucosal surfaces have low mutation burden, genomic instability, and poor prognosis. To identify potential driver genes, we sequenced hundreds of cancer-related genes in 43 human mucosal melanomas, cataloging point mutations, amplifications, and deletions. The gene, which encodes a negative regulator of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, was inactivated in 37% of the tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-Quality Foster Care Mitigates Callous-Unemotional Traits Following Early Deprivation in Boys: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
December 2015
Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans. Electronic address:
Objective: Callous-unemotional (CU) traits in childhood are a developmental precursor to psychopathy, yet the origins and etiology of CU traits are not known. We examined CU traits among 12-year-old children exposed to severe early deprivation and evaluated whether a high-quality foster care intervention mitigated the development of high levels of CU traits.
Method: Participants were from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project, a randomized controlled trial of foster care for children in institutions.
Shear-Activated Nanoparticle Aggregates Combined With Temporary Endovascular Bypass to Treat Large Vessel Occlusion.
Stroke
December 2015
From the New England Center for Stroke Research, Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts, Worcester (M.G.M., M.J.G., S.V., E.T.L., O.W.B., A.S.P., J.-Y.C., A.K.W.); Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA (N.K., O.U., A.-L.P., C.J., D.B., M.K., B.R.B., D.E.I.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion, Israel (N.K.); Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard University, Boston, MA (D.E.I.); and Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA (D.E.I.).
Background And Purpose: The goal of this study is to combine temporary endovascular bypass (TEB) with a novel shear-activated nanotherapeutic (SA-NT) that releases recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (r-tPA) when exposed to high levels of hemodynamic stress and to determine if this approach can be used to concentrate r-tPA at occlusion sites based on high shear stresses created by stent placement.
Methods: A rabbit model of carotid vessel occlusion was used to test the hypothesis that SA-NT treatment coupled with TEB provides high recanalization rates while reducing vascular injury. We evaluated angiographic recanalization with TEB alone, intra-arterial delivery of soluble r-tPA alone, or TEB combined with 2 doses of intra-arterial infusion of either the SA-NT or soluble r-tPA.